Objective Under the background of"breaking the Five-Only"and the evaluation reform of healthcare professionals'titles,it analyzed the willingness of healthcare professionals in public hospitals to disseminate health knowledge and its incentives and constraints.Furthermore,it explored potential pathways to improve the willingness of healthcare professionals to popular science and disseminate health knowledge.Methods From November to Decem-ber 2022,a self-designed online questionnaire was used to survey healthcare professionals in four tertiary hospitals in Shanghai.The questionnaire included basic information of healthcare professionals,analysis of the current situa-tion and demands of healthcare professionals in health knowledge dissemination,willingness of healthcare profes-sionals to disseminate health knowledge and influencing factors.Results A total of 762 healthcare professionals partici-pated in this survey,79.9%(608/762)expressed willingness to promote the dissemination of health knowledge.A multiple-factor logistic regression analysis revealed that intermediate professional title,achieving personal value and so-cial responsibility,increasing patient resources,professional title promotion,science promotion-related awards,being included in performance appraisals,and difficulty in capturing science promotion skills were the influential factors affecting the dissemination of health knowledge among healthcare professionals(P＜0.05).Conclusion The willing-ness of healthcare professionals to disseminate health knowledge was strong,and hospitals should motivate health-care professionals to disseminate health knowledge through building a long-term incentive mechanism,strengthening training in science popularization ability,and improving humanistic qualities.

Objective To investigate the correlation between the expression levels of serum calcitonin gene related peptide(CGRP),macrophage clearance receptor 1(Msr1)and pulmonary function and blood gas inde-xes in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(AECOPD).Methods A to-tal of 114 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)who visited the hospital from June 2019 to June 2021 were selected as study subjects,including 47 patients with AECOPD as AECOPD group and 67 patients with stable condition as COPD stable group.The gender,body mass index(BMI),age,smoking history,white blood cell count(WBC),pulmonary function index[ratio of forced expiratory volume in the first second to forced vital capacity(FEV1/FVC),and percentage of forced expiratory volume in the first sec-ond to predicted value(FEV1％pred)],blood gas indexes[arterial partial pressure of oxygen(PaO2),arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide(PaCO2)]and other basic data of patients were collected,114 healthy volun-teers who were examined in the hospital at the same time were selected as the control group.The levels of ser-um CGRP and Msr1 were detected by enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay(ELISA).The correlation be-tween the expression levels of CGRP and Msr1 in serum of patients with AECOPD and lung function and blood gas indexes was analyzed.The diagnostic value of CGRP and Msr1 expression levels in AECOPD was analyzed by receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve.Multivariate Logistic regression was used to ana-lyze the influencing factors of AECOPD.Results The proportion of smoking history,WBC and PaCO2 levels in AECOPD group were higher than those in stable COPD group and control group,PaO2,FEV1/FVC and FEV1％pred levels were lower in stable COPD group and control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).The levels of serum CGRP and Msr1 in the control group,stable COPD group and AE-COPD group increased in turn,the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).Serum CGRP and Msr1 expression levels in AECOPD patients were positively correlated with smoking history,WBC and PaCO2(P＜0.05),and negatively correlated with PaO2,FEV1/FVC,FEV1％pred(P＜0.05).The area under the curve(AUC)of the combination of CGRP and Msr1 in the diagnosis of AECOPD was 0.927(95％CI:0.863-0.967),which was greatly higher than that of single detection of CGRP and Msr1(Z combination vs.cGRP=2.417,P=0.016;Z combination vs.Msr1=2.3 84,P=0.017).Smoking history,CGRP and Msr1 were risk factors for AECOPD in COPD patients(P＜0.05),FEV1/FVC and FEV1％pred were protective factors(P＜0.05).Conclusion CGRP and Msr1 are highly expressed in the serum of patients with AECOPD.Both of them are closely related to the lung function and blood gas indexes of patients,and have certain value in clinical diagno-sis of AECOPD.

Traditional pig breeding has a long cycle and high cost, and there is an urgent need to use new technologies to revitalize the pig breeding industry. The recently emerged CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing technique shows great potential in pig genetic improvement, and has since become a research hotspot. Base editor is a new base editing technology developed based on the CRISPR/Cas9 system, which can achieve targeted mutation of a single base. CRISPR/Cas9 technology is easy to operate and simple to design, but it can lead to DNA double strand breaks, unstable gene structures, and random insertion and deletion of genes, which greatly restricts the application of this technique. Different from CRISPR/Cas9 technique, the single base editing technique does not produce double strand breaks. Therefore, it has higher accuracy and safety for genome editing, and is expected to advance the pig genetic breeding applications. This review summarized the working principle and shortcomings of CRISPR/Cas9 technique, the development and advantages of single base editing, the principles and application characteristics of different base editors and their applications in pig genetic improvement, with the aim to facilitate genome editing-assisted genetic breeding of pig.
Animals ; Swine/genetics* ; Gene Editing ; CRISPR-Cas Systems/genetics* ; DNA Breaks, Double-Stranded

Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of cervical vagus nerve cross-sectional area(CAS)for Parkinson's disease(PD).Methods Thirty patients with PD admitted to the People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University from October 2019 to October 2022 were selected as PD group,25 patients with multiple system atrophy(MSA)admitted to the People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University during the same period were selected as the MSA group,and 30 healthy individuals who underwent physical examination in the People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University during the same period were selected as healthy control group.Cervical vagus CAS of subjects in the three groups were measured by high-resolution ultrasound,and the difference of CAS of cervical vagus nerve was compared among the three groups.The degree of impairment of autonomic nervous function of subjects in the three groups was evaluated by PD autonomic symptom scale(SCOPA-AUT).The diagnostic value of cervical vagus nerve CAS for PD was analyzed by receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve.Results The CAS of the right cervical vagus nerve of subjects was significantly larger than that of the left in the healthy control group and PD group(P＜0.05);there was no significant difference in CAS of bilateral cervical vagus nerve of subjects in the MSA group(P＞0.05).The CAS and average CAS of bilateral cervical vagus nerve of subjects in the PD group and MSA group were significantly lower than those in the healthy control group(P＜0.01).The CAS of the right vagus nerve of subjects in the MSA group was significantly lower than that in the PD group(P＜0.05);there was no significant difference in CAS and the average CAS of the left vagus nerve between the MSA group and the PD group(P＞0.05).The total score of SCOPA-AUT and gastrointestinal(GI),cardiovascular(CV),urinary(UR)and sexual(SX)scores of subjects in the PD group and MSA group were significantly higher than those in the healthy control group(P＜0.01).The total score of SCOPA-AUT and UR,SX scores of subjects in the MSA group were significantly higher than those in the PD group(P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in temperature(TH)and pupil(PU)of subjects among the three groups(P＞0.05).Pearson correlation analysis showed that the CAS of cervical vagus nerve of PD patients was not correlated with the total score of SCOPA-AUT and the UR,TH,PU,SX scores(r=-0.143,0.281,0.297,0.265,0.312;P＞0.05).The CAS of cervical vagus nerve of PD patients was negatively correlated with GI and CV scores(r=-0.683,-0.373;P＜0.05).ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve of cervical vagus nerve for diagnosing PD was 0.870(95％confidence interval:0.773-0.966,P＜0.05);the critical value was 3.064 mm2,the sensitivity was 96％,and the specificity was 67％.The area under the curve of CAS of cervical vagus nerve in differential diagnosis of PD,MSA was 0.680(95％confidence interval:0.537-0.823,P＜0.05).The sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of MSA were 68％and 70％when the CAS of the cervical vagus nerve＜2.709 mm2.Conclusion The CAS of cervical vagal nerve has high clinical diagnostic value for PD,and it provides a new way to improve the diagnosis rate of PD.

Objective:To investigate the effect of enteral nutrition on hematological complications in children with malignant solid tumors during chemotherapy.Methods:A total of 103 children with malignant solid tumor admitted to our hospital from March 2020 to December 2020 were enrolled in the study. The children were randomly divided into enteral nutrition group ( n=51) and control group ( n=52). Children in enteral nutrition group were given enteral nutrition support on the basis of routine diet, while children in control group were only given routine diet. The levels of leukocytes, neutrophils, hemoglobin and platelets in peripheral blood of children during chemotherapy were analyzed. The incidence of infection and the transfusion of red blood cells and platelets after chemotherapy were documented and compared between two groups. Results:The levels of white blood cells, neutrophils, hemoglobin and platelets before chemotherapy were significantly higher than those after chemotherapy both in enteral nutrition group ( Z=-5.91, -5.59, -5.54, -5.66, all P<0.05) and in control group ( Z=-6.14, -5.84, -5.75, -4.75, all P<0.05). The overall hemoglobin levels in enteral nutrition group before and after chemotherapy was significantly higher than those in control group ( t=5.68, 5.62, P<0.05), and there were no significant differences in the levels of white blood cells, neutrophils and platelets between the two groups before chemotherapy ( Z=-0.71, -0.12, -1.29, all P>0.05) and after chemotherapy ( Z=-0.39, -0.86, -0.94, all P>0.05). Compared with the control group, the degree of anemia during chemotherapy was significantly improved in enteral nutrition group (χ2=10.45,6.12, all P<0.05), but there was no significant difference in the reduction degree of white blood cells, neutrophils and platelets between the two groups (before chemotherapy: χ2=1.17, 0.10, 0.49; after chemotherapy: χ2=0.18, 1.10, 0.97, all P>0.05). The number of children receiving red blood cell transfusion in enteral nutrition group was significantly lower than that in control group (χ2=14.06, P<0.05), and there was no significant difference in the number of children with infection and platelet transfusion between the two groups (χ2=1.20, 0.29, all P>0.05).There was no significant difference in the duration of neutrophil deficiency between enteral nutrition group and control group ( t=-1.75, P>0.05). Conclusion:Enteral nutrition support can significantly improve the hemoglobin level in children during chemotherapy, effectively alleviate the severity of anemia, and reduce the incidence of red blood cell transfusion after chemotherapy, which has high clinical application value.

Background Because of high working intensity, high responsibility, and unexpected situations, health care workers may suffer great work pressure, which may lead to health damage. Objective To explore the self-rated health status and its influencing factors such as demographic and occupational-related factors of medical staff in Lanzhou. Methods In-service medical staff were selected by using cluster random sampling method from 18 public hospitals in Lanzhou City and were investigated with a self-made questionnaire and the Self-rated Health Measurement Scale (SRHMS). SRHMS includes 48 items in 10 dimensions, which are divided into three sub-scales of physical health, mental health, and social health, and another independent dimension is overall health. The scores were converted into a percentage scale and expressed as the percentage of measured score to full score; a higher score indicated better health, and >70% was considered good health status. t test, Kruskal-Wallis H test, and Spearman correlation were used to analyze the scores of SRHMS and the demographic and occupational-related factors affecting the scores of physical, mental, and social health sub-scales. Results A total of 2989 valid questionnaires were recovered. There were statistically significant differences in total score and the scores of physical, mental, and social health among medical staff of different age, educational background, length of service, and weekly working hours groups (P < 0.05). The percentage of total score to full score in the medical staff was 71.41%, but the scores of physical, mental, and social health sub-scales and total scale of selected participants were all lower than the corresponding domestic norms (t=−3.323, −12.283, −7.157, −9.659, P < 0.05); the percentage of psychological symptoms and negative emotions in mental health scale to full score was the lowest, only 58.39%. Educational background, length of service, and weekly working hours were negatively correlated with physical health score (r=−0.061, −0.060, −0.165, P < 0.05); professional title was positively correlated with mental health score (r=0.045, P < 0.05), while educational background and weekly working hours were negatively correlated with it (r=−0.051, −0.172, P < 0.05). Monthly income, professional title, and length of service were positively correlated with social health score (r=0.040, 0.049, 0.071, P < 0.05), while educational background and weekly working hours were negatively correlated with it (r=−0.038, −0.110, P < 0.05). Conclusion The self-rated health status of selected medical staff in Lanzhou is generally good, but lower than that of the norm, especially the mental health score is the lowest. The self-rated health score of total scale is correlated with education, length of service, professional title, and working time per week.

Objective:To analyze the relationship between the expression and prognosis of kinesin family member 4A (KIF4A) in renal clear cell carcinoma and explore its potential mechanism.Methods:Information on the KIF4A gene in renal clear cell carcinoma was retrieved from the UALCAN database, including expression levels, survival analysis, and positive and negative correlation gene data, from which the expression levels, prognostic information, and potential mechanisms of KIF4A in renal clear cell carcinoma were derived.Results:KIF4A is highly expressed in renal clear cell carcinoma, and male patients have a higher expression rate than female patients. The higher the tumor grade and the later the N stage, the more expression ( P<0.05). The survival analysis showed that the expression level and prognosis of KIF4A were negatively correlated ( P<0.05). Cyclin B2 (CCNB2), kinesin family member 23 (KIF23), cell division cycle associated 5 (CDCA5), and KIF4A were significantly positively correlated, whereas DHRS12, crumbs protein homolog 3 (CRB3), β-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase 2 (BDH2), and KIF4A were significantly negatively correlated. Conclusions:KIF4A plays an important role in the development of renal clear cell carcinoma and can be used as a potential marker and therapeutic target for the diagnosis and prognosis of renal clear cell carcinoma, including in children.

Objective: To compare the effect of cervical tissue expander implantation in the reconstruction of scar deformity after burn with open and endoscopic assistance. Methods: 30 patients with faciocervical scar deformity were randomly divided into endoscopic group(n=40) and control group(n=40). The operation time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative drainage, complication rate, hospital stay and complete expansion time were compared between the two groups. Results: Compared with the control group, the average operation time of the endoscopic group was reduced(t=8.09,P<0.05); the intraoperative blood loss and postoperative drainage of the endoscopic group were less than those of the control group, the difference was statistically significant(t=9.97, 5.87,P<0.05); the postoperative hospital stay was reduced, and the difference was statistically significant(t=0.03,P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the incidence of major and minor complications in the endoscopic group was lower than that in the control group(χ2=4.59, 5.17,P<0.05), and the time of complete expansion of water sac in the endoscopic group was reduced(t=3.29,P<0.05). Conclusion The placement of faciocervical tissue expander under endoscope can reduce the operation time, the incidence of postoperative complications, hospital stay and the time to complete expansion. It is worthy of promotion.

The vagina contains at least a billion microbial cells,dominated by lactobacilli.Here we perform metagenomic shotgun sequencing on cervical and fecal samples from a cohort of 516 Chinese women of reproductive age,as well as cervical,fecal,and salivary samples from a second cohort of 632 women.Factors such as pregnancy history,delivery history,cesarean section,and breastfeeding were all more important than menstrual cycle in shaping the microbiome,and such information would be necessary before trying to interpret differences between vagino-cervical micro-biome data.Greater proportion of Bifidobacterium breve was seen with older age at sexual debut.The relative abundance of lactobacilli especially Lactobacillus crispatus was negatively associated with pregnancy history.Potential markers for lack of menstrual regularity,heavy flow,dysmenor-rhea,and contraceptives were also identified.Lactobacilli were rare during breastfeeding or post-menopause.Other features such as mood fluctuations and facial speckles could potentially be predicted from the vagino-cervical microbiome.Gut and salivary microbiomes,plasma vitamins,metals,amino acids,and hormones showed associations with the vagino-cervical microbiome.Our results offer an unprecedented glimpse into the microbiota of the female reproductive tract and call for international collaborations to better understand its long-term health impact other than in the settings of infection or pre-term birth.

Objective     To analyze the perioperative outcomes of uniportal thoracoscopic lobectomy compared with three-port thoracoscopic lobectomy. Methods     Data were extracted from the Western China Lung Cancer Database, a prospectively maintained database at the Department of Thoracic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University. Perioperative outcomes of the patients who underwent uniportal or three-port thoracoscopic lobectomy for lung cancer during January 2014 through April 2021 were analyzed by using propensity score matching. Altogether 5 817 lung cancer patients were enrolled who underwent thoracoscopic lobectomy (uniportal: 530 patients; three-port: 5 287 patients). After matching, 529 patients of uniportal and 1 583 patients of three-port were included. There were 529 patients with 320 males and 209 females at median age of 58 (51, 65) years in the uniportal group and 1 583 patients with 915 males and 668 females at median age of 58 (51, 65) years in the three-port group. Results     Uniportal thoracoscopic lobectomy was associated with less intraoperative blood loss (20 mL vs. 30 mL, P<0.001), longer operative time (115 min vs. 105 min, P<0.001) than three-port thoracoscopic lobectomy. No significant difference was found between the two groups regarding the number of lymph node dissected, rate of conversion to thoracotomy, incidence of postoperative complication, postoperative pain score within 3 postoperative days, length of hospital stay, or hospitalization expenses. Conclusion     Uniportal video-assisted thoracoscopic lobectomy is safe and effective, and the overall perioperative outcomes are comparable between uniportal and three-port strategies, although the two groups show differences in intraoperative blood loss.