This study selected 6 529 plant-based Chinese materia medica(PCMM) from Chinese Materia Medica as research subjects and applied a random permutation test to explore the overall correlation characteristics between nature and flavor, as well as the correlation characteristics after distinguishing different medicinal parts and harvest seasons. The results showed that the overall correlation characteristics between nature and flavor in PCMM were significantly associated in the following pairs: cold and bitter, cool and bitter, cool and astringent, cool and light, neutral and sweet, neutral and astringent, neutral and light, neutral and sour, hot and pungent, and warm and pungent. When analyzing the data by distinguishing medicinal parts and/or harvest seasons, new correlation patterns emerged, characterized by the disappearance of some significant correlations and the emergence of new ones. When analyzing by medicinal parts alone, significant correlations were found in the following cases: cold and light in leaves, cold and salty in barks, cool and sweet in fruits and seeds, neutral and pungent in whole herbs, neutral and salty in stems, and warm and salty in flowers. However, no significant correlations were found between cool and bitter in stems and other types of herbs, cool and astringent in fruits, seeds, flowers, and other types of herbs, cool and light in leaves, fruits, seeds, barks, flowers and other types of herbs, neutral and sweet in barks, neutral and astringent in whole herbs and stems, neutral and light in leaves, fruits, seeds, and flowers, neutral and sour in whole herbs, stems, barks, flowers, and other types of herbs, and hot and pungent in whole herbs, stems, flowers, and other types of herbs. When analyzing by harvest season alone, significant correlations were found in the following cases: cold and salty, and cool and sour in herbs harvested in winter, and neutral and salty in herbs harvested year-round. However, no significant correlation was found between cool and light in herbs harvested in winter. When considering both medicinal parts and harvest seasons, compared to the independent influence of medicinal parts, 14 new significant correlations emerged(e.g., the correlation between cool and bitter in stems harvested in spring), while 53 previously significant correlations disappeared(e.g., the correlation between cool and bitter in barks harvested in summer). Compared to the independent influence of harvest seasons, 11 new significant correlations appeared(e.g., the correlation between cold and light in barks harvested in autumn), while 50 previously significant correlations disappeared(e.g., the correlation between hot and pungent in leaves harvested in winter). This study is the first to reveal the influence of medicinal parts and harvest seasons on the correlation between nature and flavor in PCMM, which highlights that these two factors can interact and jointly affect nature-flavor correlations. Further research is needed to explore the underlying mechanisms. This study provides a deeper understanding of the inherent scientific connotations of herbal properties and offers a theoretical foundation for the cultivation and harvesting of PCMM.
Seasons ; Plants, Medicinal/growth & development* ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/chemistry* ; Taste

Nitrite has high toxicity and is commonly found in food poisoning. Poisoned patients may experience cyanosis of the skin and lips, nausea, vomiting, and difficulty breathing or coma may occur in severe cases. Four cases of nitrite poisoning patients who were transferred from primary hospitals to the Third Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, the First People's Hospital of Baiyin were reported. After symptomatic supportive treatment with special antidote methylene blue, oxygen inhalation, blood purification, etc., the patients recovered and were discharged after 4 days of treatment.

Objective To explore the public's cognition and attitude towards general medicine,general practitioners,and pre-hospital first-aid knowledge in Ludian County,Yunnan Province,to find out the training and learning methods that are more acceptable to the public for this kind of related knowledge,and to propose targeted solutions.Methods A complete random sampling survey was conducted among the nucleic acid collection office at the gate of the vegetable market from October 15,2022,to December 30,2022,and the outpatient clinic of Wenping Street Health Center from January 1,2023,to February 28,2023,by using electronic questionnaire and paper questionnaire.Results Nearly 50%of the people in Ludian County of Yunnan Province lack the knowledge of general medicine and pre-hospital emergency care,especially the knowledge of electrical defibrillation.People with higher education and the medical profession have a higher understanding of general medicine,and people with a higher understanding of general medicine are more willing to participate in pre-hospital emergency care.The average Ridit value is:very familiar with general medicine(0.774)>Knowledge of some general practices(0.565)>Never heard of general practice(0.400).The higher education level and the more comprehensive understanding of general medicine had a positive impact on participation in pre-hospital emergency care,with B values of 0.624 and 0.619,OR 95%CI of 1.867(1.544～2.257)and 1.857(1.298～2.657),respectively.Taking medical staff as a reference,the B value of medical students was = 0.942,P = 0.234,the difference was not significant,and the B value of non-medical professional population was all less than 0,the effect is negative.In addition,most people have a positive attitude towards learning pre-hospital first aid,and more than 70%of people are willing to learn and train related knowledge of pre-hospital first aid.Conclusions People in urban areas of Ludian County,Yunnan Province have poor understanding of general practice,low recognition of general practitioners,low demand for general practitioners,and lack of awareness of the importance of pre-hospital emergency treatment.Because of the cognitive differences among different groups,it is necessary to conduct specific training for different groups.

Nitrite has high toxicity and is commonly found in food poisoning. Poisoned patients may experience cyanosis of the skin and lips, nausea, vomiting, and difficulty breathing or coma may occur in severe cases. Four cases of nitrite poisoning patients who were transferred from primary hospitals to the Third Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, the First People's Hospital of Baiyin were reported. After symptomatic supportive treatment with special antidote methylene blue, oxygen inhalation, blood purification, etc., the patients recovered and were discharged after 4 days of treatment.

【Objective】 To explore the effectiveness of an image recognition system based on artificial intelligence (AI) in diagnosing benign and malignant endometrial cell clumps. 【Methods】 We selected endometrial cytological specimens from The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University and Xi’an Daxing Hospital from August 2021 to February 2023; histopathology was used as the gold standard. We compared and analyzed the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, accuracy and diagnostic time of AI image recognition system (AI diagnosis) and professional pathologists’ manual diagnosis (manual diagnosis) of benign and malignant endometrial cell clumps. 【Results】 Among the 126 patients included in the analysis, the overall coincidence rate of AI diagnosis and histological diagnosis was 92.1% (116/126), which was highly consistent with histopathological results (Kappa=0.841). The overall coincidence rate of manual diagnosis and histological diagnosis was 94.4% (119/126), which was highly consistent with histopathological results (Kappa=0.889). There was no statistically significant difference between AI diagnosis and manual diagnosis methods (χ²=0.568, P=0.451). The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of AI diagnosis were 91.8%, 92.3%, 91.8%, and 92.3%, respectively. There were 126 cytology sections, each of which required 6.67 minutes for manual diagnosis and 5.00 minutes for AI diagnosis. 【Conclusion】 The AI image recognition system has high diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity and specificity, which is equivalent to the manual diagnosis level of professional pathologists. Therefore, this system has application value in the diagnosis of benign and malignant endometrial cell clumps.

Objective To summarize the experience of laparoscopic common bile duct exploration(LCBDE)by means of micro-incision of the cystic duct confluence.Methods From January 2020 to March 2023,267 cases of cholecystolithiasis complicated with choledocholithiasis were given LCBDE by means of micro-incision through the cystic duct confluence.An incision was made along the inferior wall of the cystic duct to the conjunctive part of the common bile duct,and the lateral wall of the common bile duct was cut for 3-5 mm longitudinally.The bile duct exploration and stone extraction were completed under choledochoscope.Primary suture was performed.An abdominal drainage tube was placed.Results The operations were completed in all the 267 cases and the common bile duct stones were thoroughly removed.The operation time was 45-128 min(mean,96.5±9.7 min),the postoperative drainage indwelling time was 3-13 d(mean,5.1±1.2 d),and the postoperative hospitalization time was 5-13 d(mean,6.8±1.1 d).Biliary leakage occurred in 4 cases and was cured after abdominal drainage for 9-11 d.Postoperative fever was noted in 1 1 cases and was treated with anti-inflammatory therapy for 1-3 d.Abdominal abscess developed in 2 cases and was cured by abdominal drainage.A total of 242 cases(90.6％)were followed up for 6-39 months(median,11 months),of which 66 cases were followed up for more than or equal to 36 months.Residual stones were found in 2 cases,stone recurrence was noted in 2 cases,and no choledochal stenosis was found.Conclusion Laparoscopic lithotomy with micro-incision of the cystic duct confluence has a good clinical effect in the treatment of choledocholithiasis.

Objective:To analyze the biological characteristics, phylogeny and the taxonomic status of strain 7712 (=CGMCC 1.17031=NBRC 113783=KCTC 15766) isolated from a clinical blood sample.Methods:Strain 7712 was identified by the cultural properties, cellular and colonial morphology, physiological and biochemical reactions, matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry system, and genome correlation index analysis. The genomic phylogenetic tree was construct to analyze the taxonomic position. The virulence factors and resistance genes of strain 7712 and related strains were then compared by the online virulence factor database and online comprehensive antibiotic research database respectively.Results:Strain 7712 was urease negative, gram-negative nonfermenters, which was identified as Ochrobactrum anthropi by VITEK GN card. The 16S rRNA gene analysis showed that the strain was closely related to the members of genera Ochrobactrum and Brucella. The phylogenetic tree showed that strain 7712 was clustered together with Ochrobactrum teleogrylli LCB8 T and Ochrobactrum haematophilum CCUG 38531 T, along with genus Brucella and other Ochrobactrum species. The genome relatedness indexes analysis showed that the average nucleotide identity between strain 7712 and Ochrobactrum teleogrylli LCB8 T was 98.16%, which was higher than the threshold for prokaryotic species. Genetic prediction showed that strain 7712 carried several virulence-related genes and resistance-related genes, of which the existence of OCH gene might be responsible to the resistance to cephalosporin. Conclusions:A case of human infection caused by Ochrobactrum teleogrylli is identified, which would help promote the understanding of biodiversity of genus Ochrobactrum.

Chinese medicinal resources are the cornerstone of the sustainable development of traditional Chinese medicine industry. However, due to the fecundity of species, over-exploitation, and limitations of artificial cultivation, some medicinal plants are depleted and even endangered. Tissue culture, a breakthrough technology in the breeding of traditional Chinese medicinal materials, is not limited by time and space, and can allow the production on an annual basis, which plays an important role in the protection of Chinese medicinal resources. The present study reviewed the applications of tissue culture of medicinal plants in the field of Chinese medicinal resources, including rapid propagation of medicinal plant seedlings, breeding of novel high-yield and high-quality cultivars, construction of a genetic transformation system, and production of secondary metabolites. Meanwhile, the current challenges and suggestions for the future development of this field were also proposed.
Sustainable Development ; Plants, Medicinal/genetics* ; Plant Breeding ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Technology

Objective To investigate the characteristics of clinical cellular immunity and its relationship with prognosis in elderly patients with severe infection caused by Omicron variant.Methods The clinical data of 53 patients with Omicron variant infection admitted to the geriatric Intensive Care Unit of the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University from December 2022 to February 2023 were retrospectively analyzed.The patients were divided into 22 survival cases and 31 death cases for comparison between the two groups.Logistic analysis is adopted to define the omicron variants of elderly severe infections prognostic factors and construct the ROC curve.Results Mu-ltivariate logistic analysis revealed that the independent risk factors were elevated IL-6(P = 0.043)and decreased absolute T lymphocyte count(P = 0.011).AUC value of ROC of IL-6,absolute T lymphocyte count and IL-6 combined with absolute T lymphocyte count was 0.818,0.796 and 0.887.Conclusion Elevated IL-6 and decreased absolute T lymphocyte count are independent risk factors for elderly severe patients with Omicron variant infections.

OBJECTIVES: This study examined the associations between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and diabetes within a social-ecological framework, incorporating personal and environmental unfavorable conditions during childhood from family, school, and community contexts. METHODS: Data were obtained from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (2014 life history survey and 2015 survey), including 9,179 participants aged ≥45 years. ACEs were collected through self-report questionnaires, and participants were categorized based on the number of distinct ACEs experienced (0, 1, 2, 3, or ≥4 ACEs). Diabetes was defined by biomarkers, self-reported diagnosis, and treatment status. Logistic regression was conducted to explore the associations between ACEs and diabetes. Subgroup analyses were conducted by gender, age, and obesity status. RESULTS: Compared with participants without ACEs, those exposed to any ACE (odds ratio [OR], 1.19; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.01 to 1.40), 3 ACEs (OR, 1.32; 95% CI, 1.07 to 1.62) and ≥4 ACEs (OR, 1.29; 95% CI, 1.07 to 1.56) had an increased risk of diabetes. For each additional ACE, the risk of diabetes increased by about 5%. Regarding the source of ACEs, those originating from the family (OR, 1.23; 95% CI, 1.08 to 1.41) were associated with diabetes. In terms of specific ACE types, family members with substance abuse (OR, 1.23; 95% CI, 1.01 to 1.52), emotional abuse (OR, 1.28; 95% CI, 1.12 to 1.46), and poor parental relationship (OR, 1.25; 95% CI, 1.09 to 1.43) were associated with diabetes. CONCLUSIONS ACEs, particularly those originating from the family, were associated with diabetes. Interventions aimed at preventing and mitigating ACEs are essential for the early prevention of diabetes.