Objective:To investigate the prevalence and associated factors of diabetic retinopathy (DR) among diabetic residents in Longyan of Fujian Province.Methods:A investigative research. From January 2022 to December 2023, a total of 10 061 diabetic patients enrolled in the chronic disease follow-up management system from 112 towns and sub-districts in 7 counties and districts of Longyan of Fujian Province were selected as the target population. A questionnaire survey, routine physical examination, vision test, and non-mydriatic fundus photography were conducted. A total of 762 cases with missing height, weight, blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), and diabetes duration, and 507 cases with unclear fundus photography were excluded, resulting in 8 792 cases included in the final statistical analysis. DR diagnosis and classification were based on the 2019 International Clinical Classification of DR. The prevalence of DR was calculated for single-eye or double-eye DR cases as 1 case; the more severe eye was used for DR grading in double-eye DR cases. Statistical analysis was performed by grouping based on the presence or absence of DR and dividing into age groups ≤67 years and >67 years. χ2 test was used to analyze factors associated with prevalence; binary multivariate logistic regression analysis was employed to identify influencing factors of DR. Results:Among the 8 792 cases, 888 (10.1%, 888/8 792) were diagnosed with DR (DR group), and 7 904 (89.9%, 7 904/8 792) had no DR (non-DR group). Compared to the non-DR group, the DR group showed significant increases in FPG ( Z=-12.448), diabetes duration ( Z=-18.936), systolic blood pressure ( Z=-4.237), diastolic blood pressure ( Z=-2.881), and body mass index (BMI) ≥24 kg/m 2 ( P<0.001). Significant differences were also found between the two groups in hypertension ( χ2=11.450), hyperlipidemia ( χ2=5.100), kidney disease ( χ2=7.039), family history of diabetes ( χ2=5.025), and regular medication use ( χ2=66.034) ( P<0.05). There were 4 688 cases in the ≤67 years group and 4 104 in the >67 years group. In the ≤67 years group, significant differences in DR prevalence were found for FPG levels ( χ2=111.754), diabetes duration ( χ2=231.658), BMI ( χ2=12.404), systolic blood pressure ( χ2=17.912), regular medication use ( χ2=40.727), hyperlipidemia ( χ2=6.816), and hypertension history ( χ2=6.775) ( P<0.05). In the >67 years group, significant differences in DR prevalence were found for FPG levels ( χ2=59.916), diabetes duration ( χ2=128.362), systolic blood pressure ( χ2=5.183), regular medication use ( χ2=22.097), kidney disease ( χ2=6.251), and family history of diabetes duration ( χ2=4.967) ( P<0.05). No significant differences in DR prevalence were found based on sex, education level, smoking history, alcohol consumption, exercise habits, heart disease history, or other family disease history ( P>0.05). Logistics regression analysis results show that patients aged >67 years, FPG [odds ratio (OR)=1.074, 95%confidence interval ( CI) 1.046-1.102], diabetes duration ( OR=1.088, 95% CI 1.071-1.106), systolic blood pressure ( OR=1.007, 95% CI 1.001-1.013), and kidney disease ( OR=3.617, 95% CI 1.268-10.320) were identified as risk factors for DR ( P<0.05). In patients aged ≤67 years, FPG ( OR=1.088, 95% CI 1.067-1.110), diabetes duration ( OR=1.108, 95% CI 1.091-1.125), and systolic blood pressure ( OR=1.008, 95% CI 1.003-1.013) were identified as independent risk factors for DR ( P<0.05), while BMI ≥24 kg/m 2 ( OR=0.934, 95% CI 0.908-0.965) was a protective factor for DR ( P<0.05). Age, regular medication use, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia were identified as potential confounding factors for DR occurrence. Conclusions:The prevalence of DR among diabetes patients in Longyan of Fujian Province, is 10.1%. FPG, diabete duration, and systolic blood pressure are independent risk factors for DR, while age, regular medication use, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia are potential confounding factors for DR occurrence.

Receptor activity-modulating proteins (RAMPs) are accessory molecules that form complexes with specific G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and modulate their functions. It is established that RAMP interacts with the glucagon receptor family of GPCRs but the underlying mechanism is poorly understood. In this study, we used a bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET) approach to comprehensively investigate such interactions. In conjunction with cAMP accumulation, Gα _q activation and β-arrestin1/2 recruitment assays, we not only verified the GPCR-RAMP pairs previously reported, but also identified new patterns of GPCR-RAMP interaction. While RAMP1 was able to modify the three signaling events elicited by both glucagon receptor (GCGR) and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R), and RAMP2 mainly affected β-arrestin1/2 recruitment by GCGR, GLP-1R and glucagon-like peptide-2 receptor, RAMP3 showed a widespread negative impact on all the family members except for growth hormone-releasing hormone receptor covering the three pathways. Our results suggest that RAMP modulates both G protein dependent and independent signal transduction among the glucagon receptor family members in a receptor-specific manner. Mapping such interactions provides new insights into the role of RAMP in ligand recognition and receptor activation.

Objective:To evaluate the short-type single balloon enteroscope (SBE) to endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) in patients with Roux-en-Y anastomosis.Methods:Data of 10 patients with Roux-en-Y anastomosis who received short-type SBE assisting ERCP (14 times of ERCP, the short-type SBE group) from May 2019 to September 2019 and 55 patients who received conventional SBE assisting ERCP (87 times of ERCP, the conventional SBE group) from March 2016 to April 2019 were collected in Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital. Success rates and mean time of reaching the blind loop, diagnosis and treatment success rates, procedure time and complication incidence in the two groups were compared.Results:The mean time to reach the blind loop was significantly shorter in short-type SBE group than that in the conventional SBE group (17.1 min VS 23.4 min, P = 0.04). There were no significant differences in success rates of reaching the blind loop[100.0%(14/14) VS 95.4%(83/87)], the success rates of diagnosis and treatment[both 100.0% (14/14) VS 100.0% (83/83)], the mean procedure time (62.6 min VS 64.3 min) or complication incidence [21.4%(3/14) VS 16.1% (14/83) ] between the two groups (all P>0.05). Conclusion:ERCP assisted by either type of SBE is safe and effective in patients with Roux-en-Y anastomosis. However, short-type SBE is faster to reach the blind loop because of its unique design and easier manipulation.

Objective:To establish autoverification rules for coagulation tests in multicenter cooperative units, in order to reduce workload for manual review of suspected results and shorten turnaround time (TAT) of test reports, while ensure the accuracy of results.Methods:A total of 14 394 blood samples were collected from fourteen hospitals during December 2019 to March 2020. These samples included: Rules Establishment Group 11 230 cases, including 1 182 cases for Delta check rules; Rules Validation Group 3 164 cases, including 487cases for Delta check; Clinical Application Trial Group 77 269 cases. Samples were analyzed for coagulation tests using Sysmex CS series automatic coagulation analyzers, and the clinical information, instrument parameters, test results, clinical diagnosis, medication history of anticoagulant and other relative results such as HCT, TG, TBIL, DBIL were summarized; on the basis of historical data, the 2.5 and 97.5 percentile of all data arranged from low to high were initially accumulated; on the basis of clinical suggestions, critical values and specific drug use as well as relative guidelines, autoverification rules and limits were established.The rules were then input into middleware, in which Stage I/Stage II validation was done. Positive coincidence, negative coincidence, false negative, false positive, autoverification pass rate, passing accuracy (coincidence of autoverification and manual verification) were calculated. Autoverification rules underwent trial application in coagulation results reports.Results:(1) The autoverification algorisms involve 33 rules regarding PT/INR, APTT, FBG, D-dimer, FDP,Delta check, reaction curve and sample abnormalities; (2)Autoverification Establishment Group showed autoverification pass rate was 68.42% (7 684/11 230), the false negative rate was 0%(0/11230), coincidence of autoverification and manual verification was 98.51%(11 063/11 230), in which positive coincidence and negative coincidence were respectively 30.09% (3 379/11 230) and 68.42%(7 684/11 230); Autoverification Validation Group showed autoverification pass rate was 60.37%(1 910/3 164), the false negative rate was 0%(0/11 230), coincidence of autoverification and manual verification was 97.79%(3 094/3 164), in which positive coincidence and negative coincidence were respectively 37.42%(1 184/3 164) and 60.37%(1 910/3 164); (3) Trialed implementation of these autoverification rules on 77 269 coagulation samples showed that the average TAT shortened by 8.5 min-83.1 min.Conclusions:This study established 33 autoverification rules in coagulation tests. Validation showedthese rules could ensure test quality while shortening TAT and lighten manual workload.

Objective:To study the bacterial microleakage at the interface between dental implant and abutment in rats.Methods:Under aseptic conditions, suspension of 0.25 μl of Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) (10 9 CFU/ml) was added into the customized implant. After the abutment was connected, the suspension was cultured in an Ep (eppendorf) tube containing 1 ml brain heart infusion (BHI) culture medium. After 7 days and 14 days, the liquid in the Ep tube was taken and inoculated, and the growth of bacteria was observed. Six male SD rats with 12 implants were divided into experimental group (4 implants), negative control group (4 implants) and blank control group (4 implants). All 6 rats had two implants implanted in their bilateral upper jaws. During the second operation, suspension of 0.25 μl Pg (10 9 CFU/ml) was added to the inner part of the implant of the experimental group, culture solution of 0.25 μl was added to the control group and nothing was added to the blank control group. The amount of Pg and total bacteria in each group were evaluated by quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR). The inflammatory cell infiltrate in the peri-implant mucosa was evaluated histomorphometrically. Results:The in vitro model directly verified the presence of bacterial microleakage at implant-abutment interface (IAI), and the animal model confirmed the existence of microleakage through the infiltrate of inflammatory cells near the micro-gap in the experimental group indirectly. In vitro experiments found that Pg had penetrated from the implant within a week by observation and culture. In animal study, the presence of 10 2-10 4 Pg was detected in the experimental group and it was not detected in the negative control group and the blank control group. At the same time, under the light microscope, in the experimental group, there were inflammatory cells aggregation in the connective tissue around the micro-gap and the density of inflammatory cells gradually decreased from the micro-gap to coronal and the apical of the connective tissue, while there were only scattered inflammatory cells in the connective tissue around the blank control group and the negative control group. In the experimental group, inflammatory cells density in area of 0.25-0.50 mm, 0-0.25 mm coronal to the micro-gap and 0-0.25 mm, 0.25-0.50 mm apical to the mico-gap was respectively, 976 (655), 1 673 (1 245), 2 267 (819) and 895 (162) cells/mm 2,which was significantly more than the blank control group in the corresponding position [respectively 201 (180), 321 (351), 309 (236) and 218 (272) cells/mm 2] ( P<0.05). Conclusions:Pg in the dental implants of rats can be found in the microleakage through implant-abutment interface, and cause the soft tissue inflammation around the implant, and the inflammation has certain distribution characteristics.

Objective:To evaluate clinical effect of deproteinized bovine bone for delayed implantation after fenestration.Methods:This trial is a continuation of a prospective clinical trial. From May 2011 to February 2015 in Department of Implantology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University after planting division of 55 cases of maxillary teeth missing area of residual alveolar bone height ≤5 mm patients. There were 21 female and 34 male patients, their average age were (55.2±7.1) years. A total of 62 side fenestration of maxillary sinus floor lift, clinical and imaging examination, evaluation of implant retention rate, complications, peripheral soft tissue health and marginal bone resorption.Results:A total of 82 implants were followed up in 41 patients. The average follow-up time was (51.8±14.3) months (36-78 months). The follow-up rate of the maxillary sinus was 75.8% (47/62), the follow-up rate of the implant was 73.9% (82/111), and the implant survival rate was 98.8% (81/82). The bone resorption results at the implant margins were (0.64±0.63) mm (-0.28 mm, 1.47 mm) in the near and (0.49±0.73) mm (-0.51 mm, 1.21 mm) in the far, the improved hemorrhage index was 0.46±0.72, the improved plaque index was 0.60±0.87, and the keratinized mucosa width was (2.14±1.22) mm. The incidence rate of peri-implant mucositis was 28.4% (23/81) among 23 implants, and there was no complication of peri-implant inflammation.Conclusions:This study shows that under the condition of insufficient sinus ridge spacing in the maxillary posterior area, it is feasible to use bovine bone alone to remove protein for delayed implantation of maxillary sinus floor elevation by windowing, and the clinical effect is reliable.

Objective To evaluate the effect of microRNA-182-5p (miR-182-5p) on proliferation and apoptosis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) A549 cells by targeting forkhead box O3a (FOXO3a).Methods The difference of miR-182-Sp expression between human normal lung epithelial cells BEAS-2B and NSCLC cells A549 was compared.The A549 cells were chosen,and miR-182-Sp mimic (miR-182-Sp mimic group),miR-182-Sp inhibitor (miR-182-5p inhibitor group),negative control mimic (NC mimic group) and negative control inhibitor (NC inhibitor group) were transfected respectively.The expression of miR-182-Sp was detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).The protein expression of FOXO3a was detected by Western blotting.The cell proliferation activity was detected by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) method.The cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry.The targeted relationship between miR-182-5p and FOXO3a was detected by dual-luciferase experiment.Results The miR-182-5p expression of A549 cells and BEASo2B cells respectively was 3.21 ±0.24 and 1.01 ±0.11,and the difference was statistically significant (t =14.209,P＜0.001).The miR-182-5p expression of NC mimic group,miR-182-5p mimic group,NC inhibitor group and miR-182-5p inhibitor group respectively was 1.09 ± 0.20,12.80 ± 1.10,1.03 ± 0.11and 0.47 ± 0.08,and the difference was statistically significant (F =87.872,P ＜ 0.001).The FOXO3a expression of the above four groups respectively was 118.34 ± 16.71,50.89 ± 11.58,125.33 ± 20.87 and 289.26 ± 34.51,and the difference was statistically significant (F =62.125,P ＜ 0.001).The 72 h proliferation activity of the four groups respectively was 1.12 ± 0.13,1.70 ± 0.14,1.07 ± 0.13 and 0.71 ± 0.11,and the difference was statistically significant (F =31.336,P ＜ 0.001).The proliferation activity of miR-182-5p mimic group was significantly higher than that of NC mimic group (P ＜ 0.05),and the proliferation activity of miR-182-5p inhibitor group was significantly lower than that of NC inhibitor group (P ＜0.05).The apoptosis rate of the four groups respectively was (5.51 t±1.80)％,(1.41 ±0.50)％,(6.24 ± 1.71)％ and (47.93 ± 5.12) ％,and the difference was statistically significant (F =211.081,P ＜ 0.001).The apoptosis rate of miR-182-5p mimic group was significantly lower than that of NC mimic group (P ＜ 0.05),and the apoptosis rate of miR-182-5p inhibitor group was significantly higher than that of NC inhibitor group (P ＜0.001).The miRNA target genes prediction software test results showed that miR-182-5p could act on FOXO3a 3' untranslated region (UTR).Compared with transfection NC mimic,co-transfection miR-182-5p mimic and FOXO3a-Wt could make luciferase activity of A549 significantly decreased (1.20 ±0.14 vs.0.62 ±0.10;t =5.839,P =0.004).Conclusion miR-182-5p can enhance proliferation and inhibit apoptosis of A549 cell by targeting FOXO3a.

OBJECTIVE： To evaluate the effectiveness of trolamine for preventing and treating radiation dermatitis （RD） and evidence quality， and to provide reference for clinical use. METHODS： Retrieved from PubMed， Cochrane library， Embase， CNKI， Wanfang and VIP database， randomized controlled trials （RCTs） about trolamine （trial group） versus usual care （control group） for preventing and treating RD were collected. After data extraction， Cochrane bias risk assessment tool 5.0.2 was used to assess the bias risk， and Rev Man 5.3 statistical software was used to perform the Meta-analysis. GRADE evidence quality grading system was used to evaluate the evidence quality of outcome indexes. RESULTS： Seven RCTs were included， involving 782 patients. Results of Meta-analysis showed that there was no statistical significance in total incidence of RD [OR＝0.50， 95％CI （0.23， 1.11）， P＝0.09]， and the incidence of grade Ⅰ RD [OR＝1.32， 95％CI（0.96，1.81）， P＝0.09]， grade Ⅱ RD [OR＝1.07， 95％CI（0.80，1.42）， P＝0.66]， grade Ⅲ RD [OR＝0.69， 95％CI（0.45，1.04）， P＝0.07] or grade Ⅳ RD [OR＝0.43， 95％CI（0.17，1.05）， P＝0.07] between 2 groups. Results of Grade evidence quality evaluation showed that total incidence of RD， and the incidence of grade Ⅱ RD and grade Ⅳ RD were recommended by moderate-level evidence in 2 groups， while the incidence of grade Ⅰ and grade Ⅲ RD were recommended by low-level evidence. CONCLUSIONS： Trolamine is not effective in preventing and treating RD， and can not reduce the incidence of RD.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of the new treatment regimen versus the standardized scheme for the initial treatment of smear-positive tuberculosis in the elderly.Methods A total of 302 elderly patients meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria were selected from 14 tuberculosis-designated medical institutions in Beijing.The patients received the initial treatment of smear-positive tuberculosis from January 2014 to August 2016 in the combined prospective and retrospective study.All patients were divided into observation group(n=63)receiving treatment with 6L2 HELfx regimen from August 1,2015 to August 31,2016,and control group (n =239) receiving treatment with 6L2HELfx regimen from January 1,2014 to January 31,2015.The nation-unified standard chemotherapy regimen 2RHZE/4RH was used in tuberculosis medical service institutions for all patients.The differences between the two groups were analyzed and compared in the completion of treatment,negative conversion of sputum culture or smear,adverse drug reactions and treatment outcome.Results The completion rate of long-course therapy was significantly higher in the observation group than in control group [90.5％ (57/63) vs.79.5％ (190/239),x2 =4.034,P =0.045].The rate of negative conversion of sputum culture or smear at the end of the 2nd month was higher in the observation group than in control group,but had no significant difference[87.0％ (47/54)vs.81.6％(155/190),x2 =0.879,P=0.349].The incidence of adverse reactions was much lower in observation group than in control group[46.0％ (29/63) vs.65.3％ (156/239),x2 =7.777,P =0.005].The success rate of treatment(cure or completion of long-course therapy)was higher in observation group than in control group [90.5％ (57/63) vs.77.4％ (185/239),x2 =5.350,P =0.021].ConclusioNS As compared with the standard chemotherapy regimen,the L and Lfxcontaining treatment regimen has better effects,higher success rate of treatment and less adverse reactions in elderly patients with the initial treatment of smear-positive tuberculosis.

Characterized by eminent mechanical properties, chemical stability and biosafety, polyetheretherketone (PEEK), as a brand-new type of biomedical material, has been applied in the field of stomatology. This review elaborates on basic behaviors and fabrication methods of PEEK and its composite, and their application in fixed dental prostheses (FDP) as frameworks as well as their adhesive properties. Meanwhile, this review also looks into the prospect of the integration of additive manufacturing in fabricating frameworks of PEEK and its composite in FDP.