The number of benign prostatic obstruction (BPO) patients in China is increasing, and patients tend to be younger and younger. The former "gold standard" scheme of transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) is more suitable for patients with prostate volume ranging from 40 mL to 80 mL, which may lead to excessive resection in patients with small prostate volume and low efficiency in patients with large prostate volume. New minimally invasive techniques have been introduced,including prostate artery embolization, laser surgery (such as holmium, green, diode, and thulium), minimally invasive simple prostatectomy, transperineal laser ablation, prostatic urethral lift,and robot-assisted water jet ablation of the prostate. These methods are alternatives to TURP and increasingly used in the treatment of BPO. This article reviewed the advances in minimally invasive treatment of BPO.

【Objective】 To observe the effects of paternal age on the pregnancy outcomes in frozen embryo transfer (FET) cycles. 【Methods】 The clinical data of two groups after propensity score matching (PSM) were retrospectively analyzed, including 738 cycles in the <40 year group and 387 cycles in the 40-60 year group. The differences in general information and pregnancy outcomes were compared between the two groups, and logistic regression analysis of pregnancy outcomes were conducted. 【Results】 There were no statistical differences in age, duration of infertility, female body mass index (BMI), infertility factors, fertilization method, endometrial preparation methods, endometrial thickness on the day of transformation, stage of embryo transfer, number of embryos transferred, and number of high-quality embryos between the two groups after PSM (P>0.05). The clinical pregnancy rate (52.2%vs. 67.2%) and live birth rate (41.1% vs. 57.2%) decreased in the 40-60 year group compared with those in the <40 year group (P<0.001), but there was no statistical difference in abortion rate (19.8% vs. 13.7%) (P>0.05). 【Conclusion】 Advanced paternal age decreases clinical pregnancy rate and live birth rate.

Bladder cancer (BCa) is one of the most common cancers in urology,whose pathogenesis is still unclear. Methyltransferase-like 3(METTL3) is the most important part of N6-methyladenosine methyltransferase complex (m6A MTC),which mediates the methylation of mRNA to regulate the stability and translation process of mRNA. Researches have shown that METTL3 can promote BCa development via AFF4/NF-κB/MYC signaling network,which involves many kinds of signaling molecules. In addition,METTL3 can affect the expressions of AFF4,NF-κB and MYC,so as to affect their downstream signaling pathways and finally promote the malignant progression of tumor.

Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) following prostatectomy is an important and common problem in male, which can significantly reduce the quality of life. Urethral sling is a promising treatment for male SUI. It is easy to operate and can avoid the insertion of prosthesis, making it highly acceptable to patients. In recent years, with the advancement of technology, several kinds of slings have been put into clinical application and have achieved great outcomes. This article reviews the application of urethral sling in the treatment of SUI after prostatectomy.

Pheochromocytoma and paranganglioma (PPGL) is a rare neuroendocrine tumor. In recent years, the continuous development of multimodal imaging, pathonomics, genomics, transcriptomics, epigenomics, metabolism and proteomics have provided us with ideas to better understand the complex transfer mechanism of PPGL. This paper will review the precise typing system of PPGL, current research advances in the diagnosis and clinical prognosis.

Transcatheter tricuspid valve intervention is the new frontier of interventional cardiology. The LuX-Valve is a radial force-independent orthotopic tricuspid valve replacement device developed in China. The LuX-Valve Plus transcatheter tricuspid valve replacement (TTVR) system is changed from the trans-atrial to the transjugular approach, which further reduces trauma and pulmonary complications compared with the first generation LuX-Valve. The first-in-human study has been completed at Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University and an exploratory multicentre clinical study is underway. Echocardiography plays an important role in pre-TTVR screening, intraoperative guidance and postoperative evaluation and follow-up, especially two-dimensional transoesophageal echocardiography (2D-TEE) and three-dimensional transoesophageal echocardiography (3D-TEE). However, there is a lack of appropriate intraoperative guidance and assessment protocols. In this study, we briefly described the protocols and imaging considerations for intraoperative 2D-TEE and 3D-TEE to ensure the successful implantation of TTVR.

Objective:To investigate the effect of instantaneous flow rate on the consistency of diagnostic accuracy of severe degenerative mitral regurgitation (DMR) using proximal isovelocity surface area (PISA).Methods:From June 2019 to June 2021, 75 patients with DMR who underwent echocardiography in Department of Echocardiography of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University were prospectively enrolled. The instantaneous flow rate of DMR during the systolic phase was calculated using M-mode PISA(PISA M-mode), and a time-integrated curve was plotted. Regurgitant volume (RVol) and effective regurgitant orifice area (EROA) were calculated by traditional PISA (PISA max), pair PISA (PISA pair), and PISA M-mode, respectively. RVol acquired from cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) volumetric method in 22 patients of the enrolled patients. The correlation and consistency of RVol acquired between the three PISA methods and CMR were compared. Agreement of diagnostic accuracy of severe mitral regurgitation (sMR) acquired between the three PISA methods and multi-parameter algorithm by American Society of Echocardiography (ASE) was analyzed using Cohen′s Kappa analysis. Results:The curve of instantaneous flow rate of DMR showed unimodal pattern with the peak at mid-late systolic phase. The correlation of RVol acquired between PISA methods and CMR was moderate for PISA max and PISA pair ( r=0.77, 0.80, both P<0.001), whereas PISA M-mode presented strong correlation with CMR ( r=0.87, P<0.001). RVol acquired from PISA max was larger than that of CMR[(69.1±37.1) ml vs (49.0±29.0)ml, P=0.002]. Both PISA max and PISA pair were shown moderate agreement of diagnostic accuracy of sMR with ASE multi-parameters algorithm (RVol: κ=0.496, 0.525, both P<0.001; EROA: κ=0.570, 0.578, both P<0.001), while PISA M-mode presented strong agreement (RVol: κ=0.867 and EROA: κ=0.802, both P<0.001). Conclusions:Based on the unimodal pattern of instantaneous flow rate in patients with DMR, PISA max may significantly overestimate RVol, exposing a significant proportion of patients with DMR to unnecessary MR surgery. PISA M-mode presents better correlation and consistency with CMR on the quantification of RVol compared with PISA max and PISA pair, and may improve the diagnostic accuracy of quantification of sMR using PISA.

Objective: To establish a dynamic syndromic surveillance system in the border areas of Yunnan Province based on information technology, evaluate its effectiveness and timeliness in the response to common communicable disease epidemics and improve the communicable disease prevention and control in border areas. Methods: Three border counties were selected for full coverage as study areas, and dynamic surveillance for 14 symptoms and 6 syndromes were conducted in medical institutions, the daily collection of information about students' school absence in primary schools and febrile illness in inbound people at border ports were conducted in these counties from January 2016 to February 2018 to establish an early warning system based on mobile phone and computer platform for a field experimental study. Results: With syndromes of rash, influenza-like illness and the numbers of primary school absence, the most common communicable disease events, such as hand foot and mouth disease, influenza and chickenpox, can be identified 1-5 days in advance by using EARS-3C and Kulldorff time-space scanning models with high sensitivity and specificity. The system is easy to use with strong security and feasibility. All the information and the warning alerts are released in the form of interactive charts and visual maps, which can facilitate the timely response. Conclusions: This system is highly effective and easy to operate in the detection of possible outbreaks of common communicable diseases in border areas in real time, so the timely and effective intervention can be conducted to reduce the risk of local and cross-border communicable disease outbreaks. It has practical application value.
Humans ; Influenza, Human ; Sentinel Surveillance ; Syndrome ; China ; Cell Phone

Gastric cancer (GC) is associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. Thus, early diagnosis is important to improve disease prognosis. Endoscopic assessment represents the most reliable imaging method for GC diagnosis; however, it is semi-invasive and costly and heavily depends on the skills of the endoscopist, which limit its clinical applicability.Therefore, the search for new sensitive biomarkers for the early detection of GC using noninvasive sampling collection methods has attracted much attention among scientists.Urine is considered an ideal biofluid, as it is readily accessible, less complex, and relatively stable than plasma and serum. Over the years, substantial progress has been made in screening for potential urinary biomarkers for GC. This review explores the possible applications and limitations of urinary biomarkers in GC detection and diagnosis.

Objective: To understand the prevalence of HIV, hepatitis C virus (HCV) and syphilis and related factors among cross-border couples in Mangshi county, Dehong autonomous prefecture, Yunnan province. Methods: From May, 2017 to April, 2019, 2 500 couples with 5 000 cross-border marriages were selected by using cluster sampling method. The demographic characteristics, AIDS-related health services, HIV, HCV, syphilis infection and other information were collected through questionnaires and laboratory tests. The influencing factors of HIV, HCV and syphilis infection were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression model. Results: A total of 2 500 couples with cross-border marriage were investigated, among which 2 438 (97.5%) couples were Chinese men with Myanmar women. The average age of 5 000 participants was (34.16±9.00) years. Most of them were minority groups (59.9%), farmers (98.5%), education years ≤6 years (81.4%), marriage years>3 years (80.0%), and from mountainous areas (61.7%). The HIV prevalence of Chinese and Myanmar populations was 1.7% (43/2 500) and 2.0% (49/2 500), respectively. The HCV infection rates were 2.0% (49/2 500) and 1.3% (32/2 500), respectively and the infection rates of syphilis were 0.4% (10/2 500) and 0.2% (4/2 500), respectively. There were no statistically significant differences in the prevalence of three diseases among Chinese and Myanmar populations (P>0.05). The multivariate analysis showed that compared with those aged ≤ 30 years, having lower AIDS awareness, never receiving HIV testing, without HCV and syphilis infection, HIV prevalence was higher among those aged>30 years (OR=3.21, 95%CI: 1.80-5.73), having higher AIDS awareness (OR=17.41, 95%CI: 4.27-70.91), receiving HIV testing (OR=4.93, 95%CI: 2.72-8.92), with HCV infection (OR=5.64, 95%CI: 2.72-11.70) and syphilis infection (OR=8.37, 95%CI: 1.63-43.08). Compared with those aged ≤ 30 years, having marriage years ≤ 3 years, and with HIV negatives, HCV infection rate was higher among those age>30 years (OR=3.02, 95%CI: 1.69-5.38), having marriage years>3 years (OR=2.24, 95%CI: 1.34-3.74), and with HIV positives (OR=6.69, 95%CI: 3.29-13.59). Compared with those having HIV negatives, the syphilis infection rate was relatively higher among participants with HIV positives (OR=9.07, 95%CI: 2.00-41.10). Conclusion: The prevalence of HIV, HCV, and syphilis among cross-border couples in Mangshi county, Dehong autonomous prefecture of Yunnan province is relatively high. Age, AIDS awareness, HIV testing history, and the length of marriage are associated with the HIV, HCV, and syphilis infection.
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ; China/epidemiology* ; Female ; HIV Infections/epidemiology* ; Hepacivirus ; Hepatitis C/epidemiology* ; Humans ; Male ; Prevalence ; Risk Factors ; Syphilis/epidemiology*