Objective:To describe and analyze suicide risk of patients with schizophrenia,major depressive disorder,and bipolar disorder.Methods:A total of 2 016 patients with schizophrenia,903 patients with major de-pressive disorder,and 381 patients with bipolar disorder from inpatients,clinics,or communities who met the diag-nostic criteria of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders,Fifth Edition were recruited.All patients were interviewed by psychiatrists using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview to diagnose mental disor-ders and assess suicide risk,as well as Clinical-Rated Dimensions of Psychosis Symptom Severity(CRDPSS)to as-sess symptoms.Differences and risk factors of suicide risk among three types of mental disorders were explored u-sing multivariate logistic regression analysis.Results:In the past one month,37 patients with schizophrenia(1.8％),516 patients with major depressive disorder(57.1％),and 102 patients with bipolar disorder(26.8％)had suicide risk.Compared with patients with schizophrenia,suicide risk in patients with major depressive disorder(OR=36.50)and bipolar disorder(OR=20.10)increased.Female(OR=1.87),smoking(OR=1.76),family history of suicide(OR=5.09),higher score of CRDPSS hallucination(OR=1.80),and higher score of CRDPSS depression(OR=1.54)were risk factors of suicide risk of patients.Conclusions:Suicide risk of patients with ma-jor depressive disorder and bipolar disorder is higher than that of patients with schizophrenia.In clinical practice,it is important to regularly assess suicide risk of patients.Patients who experience symptoms of hallucination and de-pression should be paid more attention to.

Objective:To describe demographic,clinical and physiological characteristics,treatment between first-episode major depressive disorder(MDD)and relapse MDD,and to explore characteristics of relapse MDD.Methods:Totally 858 patients who met the diagnostic criteria for depression of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders,Fifth Edition(DSM-5),were included by using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview(MINI),Clinician-Rated Dimensions of Psychosis Symptom Severity,and Hamilton Depression Scale etc.Among them,529(58.6％)were first-episode depression and 329(36.0％)were relapsed.The differences of demographic characteristics,clinical and physiological characteristics,treatment were compared byx2test and Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test.Multivariate logistic regression was used to explore the characteristics of MDD recur-rence.Results:Compared to first-episode MDD,relapse MDD had more comorbidity(OR=2.11,95％CI:1.00-4.44),more days out of role(OR=1.26,95％CI:1.01-1.56),more history of using psychiatric drug more than one month(OR=1.41,95％CI:1.02-1.97)and electroconvulsive therapy(OR=3.23,95％CI:1.42-7.36),and higher waist-hip ratio(OR=33.88,95％CI:2.88-399.32).Conclusion:Relapse MDD has positive as-sociation with comorbidity of mental disorders,out of role,and higher waist-hip ratio.

This paper aims to discuss the ideas and experience about the radiology residency training system of Canada with a presentation of its base accreditation standards for five aspects, competency goals for seven roles, four stages of training arrangement, and two types of final assessment questions. Although the Canada's radiology residency program differs from China's standardized resident and specialist training programs for radiology, there are still several points that are worth referencing, including emphasizing the training priority of competency goals, providing a specific basis for the stratification of training, offering clear guidance for the implementation of training content, and improving assessment methods to focus on competency goals. These points are of great value for improving the standardized radiology resident and specialist training programs in China, so as to provide a reference for the training of excellent radiologists in China.

Intestinal fibrosis is a complication of inflammatory bowel disease,and its refractory and recurrent nature impose a serious disease burden on patients.The disease's pathogenes is not clear,and there is no effective treatment.Moreover,there is still a lack of recognized intestinal fibrosis models.In this paper,we review the method used to establish animal models of intestinal fibrosis both at home and abroad,and consider the clinical relevance,key characteristics,and advantages and disadvantages of the procedures.Intestinal fibrosis models were summarized according to the modeling period and method.

ObjectiveTo investigate effect of conducting training of autism spectrum disorder （ASD） early screening skill on improving the ability to early identify ASD of medical staffs in primary care hospitals. MethodsIn September 2021， the training of ASD early screening skills was carried out for medical staffs from 20 primary care hospitals in Chengdu. After training， the training effect was evaluated. The numbers of referrals from primary care hospitals to superior hospitals， confirmed ASD as well as their average diagnostic age of children with ASD before and after training were used as evaluation indicators. ResultsAfter training， the number of children with suspected ASD referred by primary care hospitals was more than that before training ［（16.65±11.60） vs. （3.40±2.23）， t=5.431， P<0.01］， the number of children diagnosed with ASD was more than that before training［（6.85±4.93） vs. （2.45±1.67）， t=4.171， P<0.01］， and the differences were statistically significant. As for the diagnosed age of ASD children， after training， the average age was lower than that before training ［（34.95±11.67） vs. （42.2±14.64）， t=-2.553， P=0.019］. ConclusionTraining of ASD early screening skills for medical staffs in primary care hospitals may help to improve their ability to early screening ASD children.

Objective To explore the relationship among psychological flexibility,coping style and job burnout of nurses.Methods A total of 694 nurses from one district level grade A tertiary general hospital in Yunnan were assessed using acceptance and action questionnaire 2nd edition (AAQ-Ⅱ),simplified coping style questionnaire (SCSQ) and nursing burnout scale (NBS).The relationship among psychological flexibility,coping style and job burnout of nurses was analyzed using structural equation model and Bootstrap test.Results (1) Correlation analysis showed that the total scores of AAQ-Ⅱ (21.81 ± 8.23),job burnout (22.71 ± 6.60) and its three dimensions including emotional exhaustion (8.93 ± 2.87),depersonalization (6.64±2.30)as well as reduced personal accomplishment(7.14±2.52) were positively correlated with negative coping dimension of coping style (10.86±4.99) (r=0.324-0.510,all P＜0.01),while negatively correlated with positive coping dimension(26.44±5.86) (r=-0.102--0.143,all P＜0.01).(2) Structural equation model analysis showed that positive and negative coping dimension had partial mediating effects on the relationship between psychological flexibility and job burnout (x2/df=2.30,GFI =0.91,AGFI =0.90,NFI=0.90,IFI=0.93,TLI=0.92,CFI=0.93,RMSEA=0.04).(3) Bootstrap test showed that the mediating effect sizes for positive and negative coping were 3.8％ and 8.9％ respectively and totally mediating effect size of coping style was 12.7％.Psychological flexibility had much larger effects on job burnout,and the direct effect size was 87.3％.Conclusion Coping style plays a mediating role in the relationship between psychological flexibility and job burnout,but its effect is less important.Psychological flexibility plays a major role and more directly influences on job burnout.

Objective To investigate the action mode of borneol on activity of epidermal skin;To investigate action mode of borneol as penetration enhancer. Methods The well-established and standard penetration enhancer Azone was employed as a positive control in this study. The cytotoxicities of borneol and Azone on HaCaT cells were detected by CCK-8 assay, and their half 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC50) were calculated. The fluorescence recovery after photo bleaching was employed to investigate the effect of borneol and Azone on membrane fluidity, and the flow cytometer was used to monitor the changes of membrane potential of HaCaT cell after treated with these penetration enhancers. Results The IC50 values of borneol and Azone were 2.826 , 0.172 mmol/L, respectively. Borneol could significantly improve the membrane fluidity in a concentration-dependent manner, and effectively decrease the membrane potential of HaCaT cell, which exhibited the performances similar to those of Azone. Conclusion The penetration enhancement mechanism of borneol was associated with the concentrations of Ca2+ in keratinocytes, which changes the membrane fluidity and membrane potential of HaCaT cell.

Objective To explore the role of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the senescence of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs)in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE) and the underlying mechanisms that controls the intracellular ROS levels in vitro. Methods Human bone marrow aspirates were collected from iliac of eight donors and eight SLE patients and cultured in vitro.Morphological appearance of BMSCs at different passages was examined by inverted microscope. Nuclear size was measured by fluorescence microscope. BMSCs were monitored using the senescence associated β-galacto-sidase (SAβ-gal) assay to characterize senescence in vitro. The quantification of intracellular ROS production was detected by flow cytometry. Real-time PCR technique was used to determine the gene expressions of PI3K, KRas, NRas and FoxO3 at transcription level. The expression of FoxO3, phospho-FoxO3 (p-FoxO3),AKT and phospho-AKT (p-AKT) protein were determined by Western blot analysis. Statistical analysis was conducted with t-test and Mann-Whitney rank test.Results There were no differences in morphology and nuclear size[(31.4±4.5) vs (28.2±4.8) μm, P=0.628] of BMSCs between SLE patients and normal controls.The percentage of SA β-gal positive BMSCs from SLE patients was higher than that from healthy controls [(31.8±9.0)% vs (12.4±0.7)%, P＜0.05]. Intracellular ROS levels of BMSCs from SLE patients increased more significantly than healthy donors in vitro (34600±9600 vs 17 958±5400, P＜0.05). No significant differences in the expression of PI3K, NRas, KRas and FoxO3 from SLE subjects were observed at mRNA levels compared with normal controls, though all showed a similar upward trend. The expression of p-FoxO3 and p-AKT of BMSCs from SLE patients increased significantly compared with healthy controls at protein levels.Conclusion These data suggest that BMSCs from SLE patients aged more quickly, with high SA β-gal activity and up-regulation of intracellular ROS, which is associated with up-regulation of p-FoxO3 and pAKT at protein levels. These results indicate that bone marrow mesenchymal cell senescence may be associated with the pathogcnesis of SLE by maintaining the lifespan of BMSCs.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of IκB kinase (IKK-β) on migration and proliferation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs) from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).MethodsHuman bone marrow aspirates were collected from iliac of six donors and six SLE patients and cultured in vitro.Migration of BMSCs were observed by wound healing and transwell migration assays.Proliferation of BMSCs was quantified by cell counting kit-8 assay.Total RNA was extracted and reverse transcribed into complementary DNA.Real-time PCR technique was used to determine the gene expression of IKK-β at transcription level.The expression of IKK-β and phospho-IKK-β(p-IKK-β) protein were determined by Western blotting analysis.Statistical analysis was conducted with or Mann-Whitney rank test.Results① The migration rate of BMSCs from SLE patients(5.2±3.8)‰ were significantly reduced as compared with normal controls (7.0±2.9)‰(P＜0.05 ).The proliferation of BMSCs of SLE patients (0.21±0.49)was lower than that from healthy controls ( 1.00±0.35 )(P＜0.05 ).②) No difference in IKK-β3 mRNA expression between SLE ( 1.9± 1.4) subjects and normal controls (1.9±2.4) (P＞0.05).IKK-β protein expression of BMSCs from SLE patients (1.41 ±0.19) increased significantly compared with healthy controls (0.93±1.24) (P＜0.05).③ Inhibitor of IKK-β caused a significant increase in cell migration (3.3±1.6)‰ and proliferation (1.13±0.26) of BMSCs from SLE patients compared with untreated cells (2.3±1.1)‰ and (0.81±0.17),respectively (P＜0.05).ConclusionMigration and proliferation of BMSCs are significantly decreased in SLE patients.IKK-β may be involved in migration and proliferation of BMSCs.

Objective To investigate the apoptosis of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs)from systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE)patients and the expression of apoptotic molecules.Methods BMSCs were isolated from bone marrow of SLE patients and normal controls by density eentrifugation and adhesive culture in vitro.The apoptosis of BMSCs were evaluated by TUNEL assay.The expressions of Fas.Bcl-2 and the activity of Caspase 8 were detected by flow cytometry.Real-time PCR technique was used to determine the gene expressions of Fas,Bcl-2,Bax,Bcl-w,Caspase 8 and Apaf-1.Meanwhile,cytochrome C was detected by immunocytochemistry.Statistical analysis was conducted with t-test and Mann-Whitney rank test.Results The percentage of apoptotic BMSCs increased in SLE patients compared with healthy donors[(64±10)%vs [14±9)%,U=0,P<0.05 ].The expression of Bcl-2 in BMSCs of SLE patients was lower than the normal controls at protein leve[(11±9)%vs(56±18)%,U=0,P<0.05 ],and mRNA level(0.2±0.2vs 2.4±0.7,U=24,P<0.05).More cytochrome C positive pellets in the cytosolic fraction could be detected in BMSCs from SLE patients compared with healthy controls [(56±21)%vs (16±16)%,U=1,P<0.05].The activity of Caspase 8 was enhanced[(49±14)%vs(16±12)%,U=0.P<0.05 ],although with no significant difierence at mRNA Ievel.Both groups expressed Fas but with no significant difference (U=19,P>0.05).Conclusion BMSCs from SLE patients undergo more apoptosis,the mechanisms may be associated with the down regulation of Bcl-2,up-regulation of Cytoehrome C in cytoplasm and the activation of Caspase 8,which directs the intrinsic and extrinsic apoptosis pathways.