Objective To evaluate and compare the maturity of autografts and allografts as well as the postoperative clinical outcomes 10 years after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction(ACLR).Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 64 patients who underwent anterior cruciate liga-ment reconstruction,with an average follow-up period of about 10 years.Autografts were used in 36 cases(56.2%),and allografts in 28 cases(43.8%).Both groups were recorded the knee Lysholm scores,IKDC subjective scores,and stability tests results(KT-1000 side-to-side difference and Lach-man test).Moreover,graft maturity was assessed using the knee magnetic resonance imaging(MRI),and the Signal-to-Noise Quotient(SNQ)for both types of grafts was measured.Results No significant differences were observed between the autograft and allograft groups in the average follow-up time(10.1±2.1 and 10.5±1.8 years)(P=0.376),the SNQ value(24.1±8.8 and 23.2±8.7)(P= 0.652),the Lysholm score(90±10.3 and 89.4±8.9)(P=0.805)and the anterior joint stability dur-ing follow-up(P=0.923).Moreover,the average IKDC score and incidence of abnormal tension of the ligament measured by KT1000 of the autograft group were higher than the allograft group[(84.5±8.3)vs.(80.4±7.8),P=0.075;14.3%vs.8.3%,P=0.724].Meanwhile,ACL re-tear occurred to two cas-es in the autograft group(5.6%)and the allograft group(7.1%),respectively,showing no significant dif-ference(P=0.795).Conclusion Ten years after ACLR,no significant differences are found in graft ma-turity,clinical outcomes,or joint stability between patients using autografts and allografts.Moreover,the rate of graft re-tear is comparable between the two groups.

Liver ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is a significant factor contributing to liver dysfunction following surgical procedures such as liver transplantation and hepatectomy, and its pathogenesis is closely associated with oxidative stress and immune responses. However, effective prevention and therapeutic strategies are still lacking. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), primarily produced by the fermentation of gut microbiota, are the major source of these acids in the human body. Research has indicated that SCFAs play a significant role in oxidative stress and immune response. This review primarily focuses on the advancements on the role of SCFAs, the main metabolic byproducts of gut microbiota, in liver IRI, with a view to provide insights for the development of prevention and treatment strategies for liver IRI.

Objective:To systematically appraise and summarize existing evidence on enteral nutrition in patients receiving radiotherapy for head and neck cancer.Methods:Based on the 6S Pyramid of Evidence-based Resources, a systematic search was conducted to identify guidelines, expert consensuses, and evidence summaries related to enteral nutrition for radiotherapy patients with head and neck cancer published from January 2018 to September 2023. The search covered relevant websites of guidelines, websites of academic societies, and databases (in Chinese and English). Literature screening, quality assessment, and data extraction were performed independently by the researchers.Results:A total of 19 studies were included, consisting of 10 guidelines, 7 expert consensuses, and 2 evidence summaries. Four aspects and 67 items of best evidence on organizational management, nutritional screening and assessment, enteral nutritional intervention programs, and monitoring and follow-up were summarized.Conclusion:This study summarized the best evidence for enteral nutrition in patients receiving radiotherapy for head and neck cancer, which can inform the standardized nutritional management and promote the translation of evidence-based knowledge into practice.

Objective:To investigate the effects and potential mechanisms of galectin-3(Gal3)on mast cells activation and skin injury in a psoriatic murine model.Methods:Imiquimod was applied to the bare skin on back of SPF(Gal3+/+)mice and their matched(Gal3-/-)siblings respectively once daily for 5 d to establish a psoriatic mice model.The development and dynamics of skin le-sions were monitored and recorded,scored.with the psoriasis area and severity index(PASI).The expressions of il-1 and il-17 in the damaged skin were detected by real-time PCR to compare the severity of inflammation between Gal3+/+ mice and their Gal3-/-siblings.HE staining was used to observe the histopathological changes of skin.The difference in morphology and distribution of mast cells were examined by toluidine blue staining.Immunohistochemistry and image analysis techniques were improved to assay the expression and distribution of activated mast cells markers such as tryptase and 5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT).Results:The typical psoriatic signs in-cluding erythema,scaling and infiltration were formed in mice after continuous administration of imiquimod in Gal3-/-mice,whereas Gal3+/+ mice just developed small scaling and mild infiltration.PASI score of Gal3-/-mice was significantly higher than that of Gal3+/+mice.In accordance,il-1 and il-17 were increased in the skin lesions of Gal3+/+ mice and Gal3-/-mice,but these inflammatory factors were more upregulated remarkably in the latter.Histopathology observation revealed that the epidermis of Gal3+/+ mice was slightly thickened,whereas thickened epidermis of Gal3-/-mice was more seriously and the rete ridges extended downward,with massive in-flammatory cells aggregation.Toluidine blue staining indicated that the mast cells were sparsely distributed and most of their structures were intact in Gal3+/+ mice,instead the mast cells of Gal3-/-mice were mostly in degranulation state with increased and distributed widely in skin.Immunohistochemistry staining revealed that tryptase and 5-HT,compared with those of Gal3+/+ mice,were increased obviously in the lesioned skin of Gal3-/-mice,most of them were concentrated in the epidermal in particular.Conclusion:The defi-ciency of Gal3 may result in over-activation and degranulation of mast cells at the skin in psoriatic mice model,which aggravates the occurrence of dermatitis inflammatory injury and disease progression in psoriasis,and Gal3 plays suppressive effects on mast cells acti-vation and degranulation at the skin lesions in this model.

Objective To investigate the effects of galectin-3(Gal3)on skin abscess development and activation of mast cells(MC)in mice infected with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA).Methods Wild type mice and Gal3-knockout(Gal3-/-)mice,at 6～8 weeks of age,were divided into four groups:Wild type mice+PBS group,Wild type mice+MRSA group,Gal3-/-mice+PBS group,Gal3-/-mice+MRSA group,were subcutaneously injected with MRSA or the same volume of phosphate buffer saline,with five mice per group.The development and pathological changes of skin abscess were monitored and recorded.The bacterial load in skin tissues was compared,and the expression of associated cytokines,degranulation of MC,and the distribution of MC activation marker 5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT)were detected.Results The skin of Wild type mice showed progressive abscesses after subcutaneous infection with MRSA,but the Gal3-/-mice showed smaller abscess areas.Compared to the Wild type mice+MRSA group,the Gal3-/-mice+MRSA group showed lower bacterial loading in the skin tissues(P＜0.01)and fewer infiltrating inflammatory cells with histopathological observation.The expression of cytokines,including IL-1β,TNF-α,IL-33,TGF-β,and IL-10,were significantly lower in Gal3-/-mice than Wild type mice(P＜0.05).The toluidine blue staining showed a large number of degranulated MCs in the skin tissues of the wild type mice+MRSA group,whereas only a few degranulated MCs were observed in the Gal3-/-mice+MRSA group.It was further found that the expression of 5-HT in Gal3-/-mice+MRSA group was significantly lower than that in wild-type mice+MRSA group with immunohistochemical staining.Conclusion Gal3 deficiency reduced the activation and degranulation of mouse skin MC after MRSA infection,resulting in changes to inflammatory responses and alleviating the severity of skin tissue abscesses.

Objective To explore the predictive value of serum soluble osteoclast-associated receptor(sOSCAR)for cardiovascular adverse events after percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI)in patients with acute non-ST segment elevation acute myocardial infarction(NSTEMI).Methods From January 2020 to Jan-uary 2022,124 NSTEMI patients admitted to Weifang People's Hospital who underwent PCI were selected as the NSTEMI group,and another 100 healthy volunteers in the same period were selected as the control group.The NSTEMI patients were classified into 31 cases of poor prognosis and 93 cases of good prognosis group ac-cording to whether major adverse cardiovascular events occurred 1 year after PCI.Multivariate Logistic regres-sion model was constructed to analyze the factors affecting the prognosis of NSTEMI patients after PCI,and receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was drawn to analyze the predictive value of sOSCAR level on the prognosis of NSTEMI patients after PCI.Results Compared with the control group,serum angiopoietin-2(Ang-2)levels were increased and sOSCAR levels were decreased in the NSTEMI group(P＜0.05).At 1-year follow-up,the incidence of poor prognosis after PCI in 124 NSTEMI patients was 25.00％(31/124).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that increasing age and Ang-2 were independent risk factors affecting the prognosis after PCI in patients with NSTEMI(P＜0.05),and elevated left ventricular ejection fraction and elevated sOSCAR were independent protective factors(P＜0.05).ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve of serum Ang-2 and sOSCAR levels combined to predict the prognosis after PCI in NSTEMI patients was 0.865,which was greater than that of serum Ang-2 and sOSCAR levels alone,which were 0.791 and 0.786(P＜0.05).Conclusion Serum sOSCAR level is decreased in patients with NSTEMI and is closely related to the poor prognosis of patients after PCI.Serum sOSCAR combined with Ang-2 has a high predictive value for the poor prognosis of NSTEMI patients after PCI.

The review focuses upon the mechanism of exosome derived from mesenchymal stem cells in hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury(IRI)to provide references for clinical application of exosomes in alleviating hepatic IRI.

Liver ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI) is one of the main causes of liver dysfunction or functional failure after liver transplantation or liver resection. As the main organ of lipid metabolism, liver is closely related to lipid metabolic balance. Lipoxygenase is a non-heme iron-containing oxidases that oxidizes polyunsaturated fatty acids to produce hydroxy-eicosanotetraenoic acid. Lipoxygenase is excessively expressed during liver ischemia, causing lipid metabolic disorders. High expression of several proinflammatory cytokines induced by lipoxygenase during liver reperfusion. Lipid peroxidation induced by lipoxygenase leads to the production of lipid oxygen free radicals, which induces iron death mainly characterized by lipid peroxidation, thus affecting apoptosis and tissue damage. This review mainly introduces the latest progress of lipoxygenase in liver IRI.

ObjectiveIn this paper， the cause of an outbreak of foodborne disease in Huzhou City was analyzed， which may help avoid the recurrence of such incidents. MethodsThrough the field epidemiological investigation， the case definition was formulated and the questionnaire survey was carried out in the case group and the control group. In addition， the chi-square test and logistic regression method were used to identify the factors affecting the outbreak. The patient stool samples， food samples， environmental samples and water samples were collected and used for the laboratory test. The PFGE molecular typing was conducted on the isolated positive strains. ResultsThe number of people exposed during the same period was 410， and the number of possible cases was 18， with an incidence of 4.39%. Generally， the main symptoms were abdominal pain and diarrhea， accompanied by nausea， fatigue， fever and others. For case-control analysis， 17 of the 18 patients were included in the case group， and 19 non-patients were into control group. The results suggested that the risk factors were blanched deep-water shrimp（OR=19.42， 95%CI=1.06‒357.02， P=0.046）and steamed Ao Long （Australian lobster） with garlic and vermicelli （OR=22.01， 95%CI=1.24‒390.70， P=0.035）. According to the laboratory test results Vibrio parahaemolyticus （VP） was positive in 5 cases， and the serum type was is O10∶K4. In the reserved food， VP was positive in the samples of steamed Australian lobster with garlic vermicelli and lamb chops. The serum type was O5∶Kut. ConclusionThis incident was an outbreak of foodborne disease caused by the consumption of wedding food contaminated by VP. The dinner was served by Hotel B on September 17. Moreover， the suspicious foods include the blanched deep-water shrimp and steamed lobster with garlic vermicelli.

Objective:To investigate the associations of articular depression depth (ADD) and tibial plateau widening (TPW) by pre-operative CT measurement with incidence of lateral meniscal tear in patients with Schatzker type Ⅱ tibial plateau fracture.Methods:Included in this retrospective study were 131 patients who had been admitted to Emergency Center of Trauma, The Third Hospital Affiliated to Hebei Medical University from January 2016 to January 2020 for Schatzker type Ⅱtibial plateau fractures. They were 88 males and 51 females, aged from 18 to 60 years (average, 41.5 years), with 74 right and 57 left sides injured. All patients were treated with closed reduction and internal fixation assisted by bidirectional traction. Arthroscopy was used to detect the status of lateral meniscus immediately after closed reduction and internal fixation of the fracture fragments. Furthermore, patients were divided into 2 groups according to the integrity of lateral meniscus: meniscal tear group ( n=70) and tear-free group ( n=61). The 2 groups were compared in terms of age, gender, body mass index(BMI), injury side, time interval from injury to surgery, TPW and ADD. The receiver operating curve (ROC) was drafted to calculate the cut-off values of TPW and ADD in complication of lateral meniscal tear in patients with Schatzker type Ⅱ tibial plateau fracture. Results:The overall incidence of lateral meniscal tear in this cohort was 53.4% (70/131). There was no statistically significant difference in terms of age, gender, injury side, BMI or time interval from injury to surgery between the 2 groups ( P>0.05); TPW and ADD were significantly higher in the meniscal tear group than in the tear-free group ( P<0.05). To predict lateral meniscal tear in patients with Schatzker type Ⅱtibial plateau fracture, the area under ROC was 0.656 (95% CI: 0.562 to 0.750, P=0.002) for TPW and 0.709 (95% CI: 0.619 to 0.800, P<0.001) for ADD, respectively; the cut-off values of TPW and ADD were 4.3 mm and 6.1 mm. Conclusion:TPW and ADD may be effective predictors for prediction of lateral meniscal tear in patients with Schatzker type Ⅱ tibial plateau fracture.