ObjectiveMagnetoencephalography (MEG), a non-invasive neuroimaging technique, meticulously captures the magnetic fields emanating from brain electrical activity. Compared with MEG based on superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUID), MEG based on optically pump magnetometer (OPM) has the advantages of higher sensitivity, better spatial resolution and lower cost. However, most of the current studies are clinical studies, and there is a lack of animal studies on MEG based on OPM technology. Pain, a multifaceted sensory and emotional phenomenon, induces intricate alterations in brain activity, exhibiting notable sex differences. Despite clinical revelations of pain-related neuronal activity through MEG, specific properties remain elusive, and comprehensive laboratory studies on pain-associated brain activity alterations are lacking. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of inflammatory pain (induced by Complete Freund’s Adjuvant (CFA)) on brain activity in a rat model using the MEG technique, to analysis changes in brain activity during pain perception, and to explore sex differences in pain-related MEG signaling. MethodsThis study utilized adult male and female Sprague-Dawley rats. Inflammatory pain was induced via intraplantar injection of CFA (100 μl, 50% in saline) in the left hind paw, with control groups receiving saline. Pain behavior was assessed using von Frey filaments at baseline and 1 h post-injection. For MEG recording, anesthetized rats had an OPM positioned on their head within a magnetic shield, undergoing two 15-minute sessions: a 5-minute baseline followed by a 10-minute mechanical stimulation phase. Data analysis included artifact removal and time-frequency analysis of spontaneous brain activity using accumulated spectrograms, generating spectrograms focused on the 4-30 Hz frequency range. ResultsMEG recordings in anesthetized rats during resting states and hind paw mechanical stimulation were compared, before and after saline/CFA injections. Mechanical stimulation elevated alpha activity in both male and female rats pre- and post-saline/CFA injections. Saline/CFA injections augmented average power in both sexes compared to pre-injection states. Remarkably, female rats exhibited higher average spectral power 1 h after CFA injection than after saline injection during resting states. Furthermore, despite comparable pain thresholds measured by classical pain behavioral tests post-CFA treatment, female rats displayed higher average power than males in the resting state after CFA injection. ConclusionThese results imply an enhanced perception of inflammatory pain in female rats compared to their male counterparts. Our study exhibits sex differences in alpha activities following CFA injection, highlighting heightened brain alpha activity in female rats during acute inflammatory pain in the resting state. Our study provides a method for OPM-based MEG recordings to be used to study brain activity in anaesthetized animals. In addition, the findings of this study contribute to a deeper understanding of pain-related neural activity and pain sex differences.

ObjectiveTo explore the potential mechanisms of kidney-tonifying and blood-activating acupuncture for Alzheimer's disease. MethodsMale SAMP8 mice were randomly divided into a model group， acupuncture group， non-acupoint group， and donepezi group， with 10 mice in each group， and 10 SAMR1 mice as normal group. The acupuncture group received acupuncture at Baihui （GV 20）， Xuehai （SP 10）， Shenshu （BL 23）， and Geshu （BL 17）. Xuehai （SP 10）， Shenshu （BL 23）， and Geshu （BL 17） were stimulated on the left side first and then on the right side alternately， once a day. The non-acupoint group received acupuncture at fixed bilateral non-meridian， non-acupoint points under the ribs， once a day. The model and normal groups underwent equivalent handling and restraint stress without acupuncture. The donepezi group received 1 mg/kg donepezil via gastric gavage daily. All groups were treated for 4 weeks. After treatment， Morris water maze tests （to record orientation sailing latency， number of traverses through the platform quadrant） and open field （to record distance travelled） were used to evaluate learning and memory abilities； hippocampal neuronal damage was analyzed via HE and Nissl staining； mitochondrial membrane potential and reactive oxygen species （ROS） were measured using assay kits； Western blot and qRT-PCR were performed to detect silencing information regulator 1 （SIRT1）， peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha （PGC-1α）， and mRNA expression levels. ResultsCompared with the normal group， mice in the model group and non-acupoint group showed elevated orientation sailing latency and relative multiplicity of ROS in hippocampal tissues， and reduced number of traverses through the platform quadrant， distance of movement in the open-field experiment， number of Nissl-staining-positive cells in the hippocampal tissues， mitochondrial membrane potential， and protein levels and mRNA expression of SIRT1， PGC-1α （P＜0.01）； HE staining showed that the hippocampal tissues of the mice was loosely arranged， with reduced number of neurons and vacuolar degeneration； Nissl staining showed that pyramidal neurons in the hippocampal region were not neatly arranged， and the number of Nissl bodies in the cytoplasm was less and the staining was lighter. Compared with the model group， mice in the acupuncture group and donepezil group had lower orientation sailing latency and relative multiplicity of ROS in the hippocampal tissue， higher number of traverses through the platform quadrant， distance of movement in the open-field experiment， number of Nissl-stained positive cells in the hippocampal tissue， mitochondrial membrane potential， and protein levels and mRNA expression of SIRT1 and PGC-1α （P＜0.01）， and HE staining and Nissl staining showed significant improvement in hippocampal histopathological damage. Compared with the donepezil group， the orientation sailing latency shortened in the acupuncture group of mice （P＜0.01）. ConclusionKidney-tonifying and blood-activating acupuncture method can alleviate the SIRT1/PGC-1α signalling pathway in the hippocampal tissue and improve the mitochondrial function， thus alleviating the neuronal damage， which is one of the possible mechanisms for its treatment of Alzheimer's disease.

AIM: To explore a more convenient and accurate method for evaluating the anterior chamber angle width based on the Van Herick method.METHODS:A total of 58 patients(69 eyes)with age-related cataract who visited our hospital between January and December 2021 were included. They were divided into the chamber angle width ≥1/2 corneal thickness(CT)group(44 eyes of 37 cases)and <1/2CT group(25 eyes of 21 cases)according to the Van Herick method. The central anterior chamber depths and the peripheral anterior chamber angle degrees were measured by ultrasound biomicroscopy.RESULTS: There were statistically significant differences in central anterior chamber depth between the two groups(2.64±0.27 mm vs. 2.23±0.29 mm, P<0.01), and the differences of chamber angle degrees of quadrants of superior, temporal, inferior and nasal compared between two groups were all statistically significant(P<0.01). The difference of chamber angle degrees of quadrants of superior and inferior in chamber angle width ≥1/2CT group was not statistically significant(P>0.05), while the differences of chamber angle degrees of other quadrants were all statistically significant(P<0.05). The differences of chamber angle degrees of quadrants of superior and nasal, temporal and the chamber angle degrees of quadrants of inferior and temporal were all statistically significant in chamber angle width <1/2CT group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION: In the overall evaluation of the anterior chamber angle, it would be more simple, fast and accurate when evaluating the temporal chamber angle width and inferior quadrant of chamber angle width by using the Van Herick method under silt lamp.

Objective To observe the effects of total saponins of Trillium tschonoskii Maxim(TST)on vascular cognitive impairment(VCI),neurovascular units(NVUs),and neural circuit integrity in rats.Methods Forty-eight male Sprague-Dawley(SD)rats were randomly divided into sham-operated group,model group,TST group(intragastric administration,100 mg/kg),and donepezil group(intragastric administration,0.45 mg/kg),and then subjected to ischemic stroke by 2-VO method(bilateral common carotid artery ligation)or sham surgery.After 28 days of intragastric administration,Mirros water maze test was performed to evaluate the spatial learning and memory abilities of rats in each group.HE and Nissl staining were used to observe the pathological changes of brain tissue in rats.The expression of synuclein(SYN)in rat hippocampus was observed by immunohistochemical staining.Changes in dendritic spines in rat's hippocampal neurons were observed by Golgi staining.Western blotting was used to detect the expression levels of IL-1β,IL-10,vascular endothelial growth factor A(VEGFA),postsynaptic density protein 95(PSD95),and growth associated protein 43(GAP43)in rat's hippocampus in each group.Results In Mirros water maze test,rats in model group showed significant prolonged escape latency(P＜0.05),and a significant reduction in the number of crossing platforms and the percentage of activity time in the target quadrant(P＜0.05)than those in sham-operated group;while rats in TST group and donepezil group showed significant shortened escape latency(P＜0.01),and significant increase of the number of times of crossing platforms and the percentage of activity time in the target quadrant(P＜0.05)than those in model group.Compared of sham-operated group,model group showed a decrease in the expression of SYN and the number of neurons,Nissl bodies,and dendritic spines in the CA1 region of the hippocampus(P＜0.05).Compared with model group,TST group and donepezil group showed an increase in the expression of SYN and the number of neurons,Nissl bodies,and dendritic spines in the CA1 region of the hippocampus(P＜0.05).Western blotting showed a significant increase in the expression of IL-1β and VEGF(P＜0.05),and a decrease in the expression of IL-10,PSD95,and GAP43(P＜0.01)in rat's hippocampus of model group than those in sham-operated group.Compared with model group,TST group and donepezil group showed a significant decrease in the expression of IL-1β(P＜0.05),and an increase in the expression of VEGFA,IL-10,and GAP43(P＜0.05).Conclusions TST could alleviate cognitive impairment through promoting synaptic plasticity and neurovascular unit remodeling in 2-VO model rats,suggesting its significance as a potential drug for apoplexy.

Objective To analyze the safety of idarubicin or daunorubicin combined with cytarabine in the treatment of patients with acute myeloid leukemia.Methods The Chinese Biomedical Database,Chinese Journal Full-text Database,Chinese Science and Technology Journal Full-text Database,Wanfang Database,Embase,PubMed,Cochrane Library were searched.The randomized controlled trials(RCTs)of idarubicin combined with cytarabine(treatment group)and daunorubicin combined with cytarabine(control group)were collected.The search time was from 2014-01-01 to 2024-02-23.RevMan 5.4 software was used to perform meta-analysis,sensitivity analysis and publication bias analysis on adverse drug reactions of the included studies.Results A total of 11 RCTs involving 1 818 patients were included in the Meta-analysis.The treatment and control groups were enrolled 912 and 906 cases,respectively.The results of meta-analysis showed that the total incidence of adverse drug reactions in the treatment group and the control group was 22.9％(56 cases/245 cases)and 42.9％(105 cases/245 cases),respectively,and the difference was statistically significant[relative risk(RR)=0.53,95％confidence interval(CI)=0.41-0.69,P＜0.001)].In the specific adverse drug reactions,there were no statistically significant differences in the incidence of hematological toxicity,digestive system toxicity,cardiac toxicity,liver and kidney toxicity,infection,bleeding between the two groups(all P＞0.05).Sensitivity analysis showed that the results were stable and reliable.The results of publication bias analysis showed that this study was less likely to have publication bias.Conclusion The incidence of adverse drug reactions of idarubicin combined with cytarabine in the treatment of patients with acute myeloid leukemia is significantly lower than that of daunorubicin combined with cytarabine,so the former has better safety.

convalescents, and to screen for broad-spectrum neutralizing antibodies against the SARS-CoV-2 RBD. Methods Using biotinylated RBD as a molecular probe, flow cytometry was employed to perform single-cell sorting of B cells from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of convalescents. The obtained B cells were lysed and subjected to reverse transcription, followed by nested PCR amplification of the heavy and light chains of antibodies was conducted using random primers. The amplified products were cloned into corresponding expression vectors, and the respective matched heavy-light chain plasmids were co-transfected into 293F cells for expression. Monoclonal antibodies were then purified using Protein A column chromatography. Neutralization experiments were conducted with the wild-type (WT) pseudovirus, and antibodies with IC50<0.1 μg/mL were selected for further testing of neutralizing breadth and potency against the wild-type (WT), Beta variant (B.1.351), Delta variant (B.1.617.2), and currently prevalent pseudovirus strains (XBB, BA.5, BF.7). Results A total of 21 RBD-specific monoclonal B cells were obtained from two recovered patients, resulting in the isolation of 13 pairs of antibody light/heavy chains. Nine antibodies were successfully expressed, with P1-A1, P1-B6, and P1-B9 exhibiting IC50 values below 0.1 μg/mL against the pseudovirus of the wild-type strain (WT). Specifically, P1-B6 effectively neutralized the wild-type strain (WT), Beta variant (B.1.351), and Delta variant (B.1.617.2), with IC50 values reaching 0.01 μg/mL. P1-B9 demonstrated effective neutralization against the wild-type strain (WT), Beta variant (B.1.351), Delta variant (B.1.617.2), and Gamma variant (P.1) pseudoviruses, with IC50 values of 0.42 μg/mL, 0.63 μg/mL, 0.28 μg/mL, and 2.50 μg/mL, respectively. Additionally, P1-B6 exhibited good neutralization against BA.5 and BF.7 pseudoviruses, with IC50 values of 0.06 μg/mL and 0.09 μg/mL, respectively. Conclusions Infection with the SARS-CoV-2 WT strain can induce the generation of neutralizing antibodies with broad-spectrum activity. Generating these broadly neutralizing antibodies does not require an excessively high somatic hypermutation. The obtained antibodies can be used as candidates for SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis and prevention.

Objective:To explore the expression pattern of pyroptosis-related genes(PRGs)in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),and analyze the relationship between its expression and tumor prog-nosis and immune microenvironment.Methods:TCGA database was used to analyze the genetic changes and expression patterns of PRGs in primary HCC cells,and cluster analysis was used to i-dentify the pyrogenic subtypes of HCC.To compare the difference of prognosis and immune mi-croenvironment among HCC pyrodeath subtypes.Scorch death score quantified the comprehensive expression of PRGs in each sample,and analyzed the correlation between scorch death score and each immune score.Results:Two pyroptosis-associated subtypes of primary HCC were identi-fied,and the expression pattern of PRGs is closely related to the prognosis of cancer patients and the tumor microenvironment.The subtype with high expression of PRGs had a poor prognosis,and functional enrichment analysis found that some tumor-promoting pathways and PD-1 checkpoint pathways were significantly enriched in this subtype.And various cells and immune checkpoints re-lated to immunosuppression were also enriched in this subtype.By constructing PYROPTO-SIS_score to quantify the comprehensive expression of pyroptosis-related genes in each sample,it was found that PYROPTOSIS_score was significantly positively correlated with tumor-infiltrating macrophages,myeloid-derived suppressor cells,and Treg cells.Conclusion:These results sug-gest that pyroptosis may play a tumor-promoting as well as immunosuppressive role in HCC,pro-viding new insights into the assessment of tumor patient prognosis and the immune microenviron-ment.

Objective:To investigate the specimen quality of intersphincteric resection with transabdominal transanal mixed approach for rectal cancer in the Chinese Transanal Total Mesorectal Excision Registry Collaborative (CTRC) database.Methods:The retrospective case-control study was conducted. Based on the concept of real-world research, the clinicopathological data of 281 pati-ents with rectal cancer in the CTRC database who underwent intersphincteric resection with trans-abdominal transanal mixed approach in 19 medical centers, including the Beijing Friendship Hospital of Capital Medical University et al, from November 15,2017 to December 31,2023 were collected. There were 196 males and 85 females, aged 61(range, 27-87)years. Observation indicators: (1) preoperative examinations; (2) neoadjuvant therapy; (3) postoperative examinations; (4) analysis of influencing factors for positive circumferential margin in surgical specimen of intersphincteric resec-tion for rectal cancer. Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as Mean±SD. Measurement data with skewed distribution were represented as M(range). Count data were described as absolute numbers or percentages. The chi-square test was used for univariate analysis. Logistic regression model was used for multivariate analysis. Results:(1) Preoperative examinations. Of the 281 patients, 234 cases underwent preoperative pelvic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examina-tion. There were 2 cases in clinical stage T0, 3 cases in clinical stage T1, 58 cases in clinical stage T2, 137 cases in clinical stage T3, 24 cases in clinical stage T4, 3 cases in clinical stage Tx, 7 cases missing clinical T staging data. There were 87 cases in clinical stage N0, 68 cases in clinical stage N1, 60 cases in clinical stage N2, 9 cases in clinical stage Nx, 10 cases missing clinical N staging data. There were 30 cases with mesorectal fascia invasion, 53 cases with extramural venous invasion. The distance from lower margin of tumor to anal margin was 41.9(range, 1.0-80.0)mm. (2) Neoadjuvant therapy. Of the 281 patients, 125 cases underwent neoadjuvant therapy, including 39 cases receiving chemo-therapy alone, 6 cases receiving short-course simultaneous chemoradiotherapy, 5 cases receiving short-course simultaneous chemoradiotherapy and delayed surgery, 48 cases receiving long-course simultaneous chemoradiotherapy, 2 cases receiving other treatments, and 25 cases missing neoadju-vant therapy data. (3) Postoperative examinations. Of the 281 patients, 249 cases achieved R 0 resection, 9 cases achieved R 1 resection, and there were 23 cases missing surgical margin data. The maximum tumor diameter, the number of lymph nodes harvested and positive rate of vessel carcinoma embolus were 30.0(range, 0.5-200.0)mm, 13(range, 0-70) and 27.55%(73/265) in 281 patients. There were 252 patients with circumferential margin records, showing positive in 15 cases, with a positive rate as 5.95%(15/252). The minimum distance from deep part of tumor to circumferential margin was 7.0(range, 0-150.0)mm in 252 patients. There were 85 cases with distal margin records, showing positive in 1 case, and the distance from lower margin of tumor to distal margin was 10.0(range, 0-202.0)mm. There were 273 patients with specimen integrity records, which showed intact specimen in 208 cases, fair specimen in 58 cases, poor specimen in 4 cases, unevaluated specimen in 3 cases. There were 7 cases with rectal perforation. Of the 281 patients, cases in pathological stage T0, Tis, T1, T2, T3, T4 were 14, 5, 22, 107, 113, 12, respectively, and there were 8 cases missing pathological T staging data. Of the 281 patients, cases in pathological stage N0, N1a, N1b, N1c, N2a, N2b were 176, 27, 27, 11,20, 12, respectively, and there were 8 cases missing pathological N staging data. Of the 281 patients, there were 4 cases with distant metastasis, 262 cases without distant metastasis, 5 cases not evaluated, and 10 cases missing tumor metastasis data. Of the 125 patients undergoing neoadjuvant therapy, there were 85 cases with tumor regression grade records, including 16 cases as grade 1, 27 cases as grade 2, 19 cases as grade 3, 15 cases as grade 4, 8 cases as grade 5. (4) Analysis of influencing factors for positive circumferential margin in surgical specimen of intersphincteric resection for rectal cancer. Results of univariate analysis showed that preoperative T staging on preoperative pelvic MRI, mesorectal fascia invasion, extramural venous invasion, pathological T staging, and pathological N staging were related factors for positive circumferential margin in surgical specimen of intersphincteric resection for rectal cancer ( P<0.05). Conclusions:Intersph-incteric resection with transabdominal transanal mixed approach has good specimen quality and low positive rate of surgical margin. T staging on preoperative pelvic MRI may be related to positive circumferential margin after intersphincteric resection for rectal cancer.

Objective To investigate the effect of plasma microRNA(miR)-93-5p on ovarian granulosa cell proliferation in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS)and its possible mechanism.Methods A total of 120 PCOS patients of childbearing period who were treated at Jiaozuo People's Hospital from January 2022 to January 2023 were selected as the PCOS group,and 18 healthy women of childbearing period who were physically examined at the same hospital during the same period were selected as the control group.The age,body weight and height of the subjects in the two groups were recorded,and the body mass index(BMI)was calculated.Fasting venous blood was collected from the subjects during the follicular phase of the natural menstrual cycle or the progesterone-induced withdrawal bleeding phase,and serum levels of luteinizing hormone(LH),follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH),total testosterone(TT),anti-Mullerian hormone(AMH),aspartate aminotransferase(AST),alanine aminotransferase(ALT),fasting insulin(FINS),and fasting blood glucose(FBG)were measured by using the electrochemical method;and the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance(HOMA-IR)was calculated.Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR)was used to detect the expression level of miR-93-5p in plasma of patients in the two groups.Human ovarian granulosa cells(KGN cells)in logarithmic growth phase were cultured in 6-well plates with 3 × 105 cells per well,and they were randomly divided into the miR-93-5p mimics group,LY294002+miR-93-5p group,AZD5363+miR-93-5p group,negative control(NC)group,and blank control group.The KGN cells in the miR-93-5p group were transfected with miR-93-5p mimics;the KGN cells in the LY294002+miR-93-5p group were transfected with miR-93-5p mimics and treated with 50 mmol·L-1 LY294002 one hour before transfection;the KGN cells in the AZD5363+miR-93-5p group were transfected with miR-93-5p mimics and treated with 50 μmol·L-1 AZD5363 one hour before transfection;the KGN cells in the NC group were transfected with the negative control plasmids;and the KGN cells in the blank control group were not treated at all.The expression of miR-93-5p in the KGN cells in each group was detected by qRT-PCR,and the proliferation of the KGN cells in each group was detected by cell counting kit-8.Results There was no significant differences in age,FSH,ALT,and AST levels of patients between the PCOS group and the blank control group(P＞0.05).The BMI,TT,AMH,LH,FINS,FBG,and HOMA-IR of patients in the PCOS group were significantly higher than those in the blank control group(P＜0.05).The relative expression of miR-93-5p in plasma of patients in the PCOS group was significantly higher than that in the blank control group(t=-5.549,P＜0.001).miR-93-5p was moderately positively correlated with TT,FINS and HOMA-IR(r=0.434,0.622,0.586;P＜0.001)and was mildly positively correlated with FBG and LH(r=0.398,0.398;P＜0.001).The receiver operating characteristic curve showed that the optimal cut-off value for plasma miR-93-5p in diagnosing PCOS was 1.380,the area under the curve was 0.906(95％confidence interval:0.839-0.973,P＜0.001),the sensitivity was 0.858,the specificity was 0.833,and the Youden index was 0.691.The relative expression of miR-93-5p in the KGN cells in the miR-93-5p mimics group,LY294002+miR-93-5p group and AZD5363+miR-93-5p group was significantly higher than that in the blank control group and NC group(P＜0.05).After 24,48 and 72 hours of culture,the proliferation of the KGN cells in the miR-93-5p mimics group,LY294002+miR-93-5p group and AZD5363+miR-93-5p group was significantly higher than that in the blank control group and the NC group(P＜0.05);the proliferation of the KGN cells in the LY294002+miR-93-5p group and AZD5363+miR-93-5p group was significantly lower than that in the miR-93-5p mimics group(P＜0.05).Conclusion miR-93-5p in plasma is overexpressed in PCOS patients,and it may be involved in the occurrence and development of PCOS by mediating the proliferation of ovarian granulosa cells through the phosphoinositide 3 kinase/protein kinase B signaling pathway.The miR-93-5p level in plasma has a certain diagnostic value for PCOS.

Objective To explore the expression level of microRNA(miR)-320a-3p in peripheral blood in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS)and its possible mechanism for regulating PCOS.Methods A total of 149 PCOS patients admitted to the Jiaozuo People's Hospital from July 2021 to July 2022 were selected as the research subjects(PCOS group),and 18 healthy volunteers with a regular menstrual cycle(28-35 d),no clinical or biochemical manifestations of hyperandrogenism,and no polycystic ovary changes detected by ultrasonography were selected as the control group.Clinical data of the subjects in the two groups were collected and compared.The expression level of miR-320a-3p in plasma of subjects in the two groups was detected by using the real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction.The correlation between plasma miR-320a-3p expression and clinical indexes was evaluated by using the Pearson partial correlation analysis.The predictive value of miR-320a-3p for PCOS was analyzed by using the receiver operating characteristic curve.The relationship between miR-320a-3p and androgen receptor was evaluated by using the dual luciferase reporter gene assay.Results There was no significant difference in age,hip circumference,follicle stimulating hormone(FSH),prolactin(PRL),and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)between the two groups(P＞0.05).The body mass index,waist circumference,total testosterone(TT),anti-Miillerian hormone(AMH),luteinizing hormone(LH),fasting insulin(FINS),fasting blood glucose(FBG),2-hour postprandial blood glucose(2 h BG),homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance(HOMA-IR),total cholesterol,triglycerides(TG),and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)of patients in the PCOS group were significantly higher than those in the control group,while the level of estradiol(E2)was significantly lower than that in the control group(P＜0.05).The relative expression level of miR-320a-3p in plasma of patients in the PCOS group was significantly lower than that in the control group(P＜0.05).The expression level of miR-320a-3p was moderately negatively correlated with TT(r=-0.594,P＜0.05)and slightly negatively correlated with waist circumference,FINS,2 h BG,HOMA-IR,and LDL-C(r=-0.293,-0.208,-0.227,-0.208,-0.208;P＜0.05),and showed no significant correlation with hip circumference,AMH,FSH,E2,PRL,FBG,TG,and HDL-C(r=-0.079,0.020,-0.042,0.089,0.005,-0.141,-0.116,0.059;P＞0.05).The area under the curve of miR-320a-3p for predicting PCOS was 0.968(95％confidence interval:0.922-1.000,P＜0.05),with a cut-off value of 0.515,a sensitivity of 0.917,a specificity of 0.789,and a Jordon index of 0.706.miR-320a-3p negatively regulated androgen receptors.Conclusion miR-320a-3p is abnormally low expressed in peripheral blood of PCOS patients and may participate in the occurrence and development of PCOS by negatively regulating androgen receptors to increase TT levels.It has high predictive value for diagnosing PCOS.