Objective To establish and verify the fluctuation of reference intervals for biochestry parameters in routine physical exami-nation. Methods The results of biochemistry parameters,i.e., total protein (TP), albumin (Alb), total bilirubin (T-Bil), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), glucose (Glu), urea (Urea), creatinine (Cr), uric acid (UA), triacylglycerol (TG) and total cholesterol ( TC) from 2 089 healthy subjects in routine physical examination during consecutive 2014, 2015 and 2016 were randomly collected, in which all the results were within the reference range. The ratio (λ1) of the results of 2015 to those of 2014, and ratio (λ2) of the re-sults of 2016 to those of 2015 were calculated. λ1was analyzed statistically to establish the fluctuation of reference interval (CIλ). CIλ was verified by λ2.The personalized reference interval (CIp) was established by multiplying each result of 2015 and the upper and low-er limits of CIλ. The CIpwas verified by the results of 2016. The ratios of CIpto the upper and lower limits of conventional reference in-terval were calculated. Results The values of CIλwere as follows: TP: 0.91 to 1.08, Alb: 0.91 to 1.08, T-Bil: 0.58 to 1.74, ALT:0.49 to 1.99, Glu: 0.84 to 1.20, Urea: 0.67 to 1.50, Cr: 0.82 to 1.22, UA: 0.77 to 1.32, TG: 0.51 to 1.98 and TC: 0.80 to 1.26. Compared with conventional reference interval, the ratio of the upper and lower limits of CIp was lessened. Conclusion The personal-ized reference interval (CIp) which may increase the sensitivity of conventional reference intervals was established and verified.

Objective To establish and verify the personalized reference interval of blood cells.Methods The results of blood cells from 2 089 health subjects in 2014,2015 and 2016 were collected.The ratio of the later results to the previous results was defined as the fluctuation (λ).The ratio (λ1) of the results of 2015 to the results of 2014 was calculated and λ1 was analyzed statistically to establish the fluctuation reference interval (CIλ).The ratio (λ2) of the results of 2016 to the results of 2015 was calculated.λ2 was used to verify λ2.The personalized reference interval (CIp) was established by multiplying each result of 2015 and CIλ.CIp was verified by results of 2016.The ratio of the upper and lower limits of CIp was calculated.The ratio of the upper and lower limits of the reference interval (WS/T 405) was calculated.Results The values of CIλ were as follows:WBC (0.66 to 1.53),L(0.67 to 1.51),M (0.50 to 2.00),N(0.56 to 1.78),E(0.4 to 2.51),PLT(0.76 to 1.32),RBC(0.92 to 1.12),Hb(0.92 to 1.11),Hct(0.91 to 1.12),MCV(0.95 to 1.07),MCH(0.95 to 1.05)and MCHC(0.94 to 1.06).The validation tests of CIλ and CIp showed that both CIλ and CIp were suitable for this laboratory.Compared with the reference interval of professional criteria,the ratio of the upper and lower limits of the CIp was smaller than that of traditional criteria.Conclusion CIp for this laboratory was established and verified.Compared with traditional criteria,CIp should be more personalized and highly sensitive.

Objective:To study the relationship between IL-1β and TNFα expression and cell apoptosis in gingival tissue of the subjects with diabetes associated periodontitis(DAP).Methods:20 cases of DAP(group DAP) and 20 cases of health controls(group H)were included.The cell apoptosis and the ultrastructural changes in gingival tissue were observed by Tunnel staining and transmission electron microscope (TEM).IL-1β and TNFα expression in gingival tissue were detected by immunohistochemical staining.SBI,GI,PD and AL of the subjects were measured.The relationship between the level of IL-1β,TNFα and the cell appotosis was analyzed.Results:Apoptosis was obvious in prickle cells and basal cells of gingival tissue of DAP group.The percentage of apoptosis cells of DAP group was significantly higher than that of group H(P＜0.01).The expression of IL-1β and TNFα in group DAP was significant higher than that of group H (P＜0.01),and the mainly positive expression cells were macrophages,plasmocytes and lymphocytes.Conclusion:IL-1β and TNFα play a role in cell apoptosis in the gingival tissue of the patients with DAP.

Objective To find frontal lobe-amygdala functional connections in different age paragraph female patients with bipolar disorder. Methods The FMRI date were acquired from 30 patients with bipolar disorder aged 13 to 25 years old and 30 age-and education level-and gender-matched health controls.FMRI was also conducted on 30 patients with bipolar disorder aged 26 to 45 years old and 30 age-and education level-and gender-matched health controls.The date was calculated by using MATLAB based DPARSF software. Results Compared with corresponding health controls, the lobe-amygdala functional connections significantly decreased in patients aged 13 to 25 years but remained unchanged in patients aged 26 to 45 years old. Conclusions The decrease in the frontal lobe-amygdala functional connections decreased in female patients aged 13 to 25 years old may be related to the underdevelopment in vulnerable immature brain.In contrast, the frontal lobe-amygdala functional connections in female patients aged 26 to 45 years old remain intact.

Objective To explore the similarities and differences in amplitude of low frequency fluctuation ( ALLF) between patients with first-episode drug-naive schizophrenia and offspring of schizophrenia patients.Methods ALFF values were estimated by measuring the Blood Oxygen Level-Dependent ( BOLD) signal using resting state function-al magnetic resonance imaging ( rs-fMRI) .The fMRI date were acquired from 23 patients with first-episode drug-naive schizophrenia (SZ), 25 offsprings of schizophrenia patients (OS) and 29 age -and gender -matched health controls ( HC) .The ALFF value of each subject was calculated by MATLAB-based DPARSF software.Results Compared with HC, the ALFF values of SZ and OS were significantly different in the left posterior part of the inferior temporal gyrus, left parahippocampal gyrus, left hippocampus, right postcentral gyrus and bilateral precuneus.The ALFF values were not signif-icantly different between these two groups in the aforementioned regions.Compared with OS and HC, the ALFF values of SZ were significantly different in the left anterior part of the inferior temporal gyrus, left temporal pole and bilateral calcarine cortex.But there was no significant difference between OS and HC.Conclusions The brain function is abnormal in pa-tients with early schizophrenia and offspring of schizophrenia patients.The significant difference of ALFF in the left posterior part of the inferior temporal gyrus, left parahippocampal gyrus, left hippocampus, right postcentral gyrus and bilateral pre-cuneus may suggest the heredodiathesis-related brain functional alterations.Significant difference of ALFF in the left ante-rior part of the inferior temporal gyrus and the left temporal pole bilateral calcarine cortex may suggest the disease-related brain alterations.

OBJECTIVETo observe the effects of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) with continous over-expression of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) on the motor function recovery and nerve regeneration of sciatic nerve of rats after electrical injury.

METHODSFive SD rats were collected to prepare ADSCs with over-expression of GDNF. One hundred and fifty SD rats were divided into normal control group (N), GDNF-ADSCs group (GA), ADSCs group (A), GDNF group (G), and physiological saline group (P) according to the random number table, with 30 rats in each group. Rats in group N were routinely fed without treatment, and rats in the other 4 groups were inflicted with electrical injury on sciatic nerve of thigh of the right hind leg. Rats in groups GA, A, G, and P were respectively injected with 100 µL suspension of ADSCs with over-expression of GDNF (1 x 10(7) cells per mL), 100 [µL ADSCs suspension (1 x 10(7) cells per mL), 100 µL GDNF solution (100 mg/L) , and 100 µL physiological saline to the surface of the injured nerves immediately after injury. Six rats of each group were collected for measuring hind limb stride from post injury week (PIW) 1 to 8, and morphology of the sciatic nerves was observed in PIW 8. In PIW 4, the protein expression of GDNF of sciatic nerves of the rest rats in each group was determined with Western blotting. Data were processed with one-way analysis of variance, analysis of variance of repeated measurement, and SNK test.

RESULTSCompared with that of group N, the hind limb stride values in groups GA, A, G, and P were significantly lower at each time point (with P values below 0.05). Compared with those of group P, the hind limb stride values in group GA from PIW 3 to 8, in group A in PIW 3, 5, and 7, and in group G in PIW 3, 5, 7, and 8 were significantly longer (with P values below 0.05). The hind limb stride values in group GA from PIW 4 to 8 were respectively (10.83 ± 0.97), (13.25 ± 1.40), (12.86 ± 1.42), (14.06 ± 1.50), and (15.09 ± 1.17) cm, which were significantly longer than those in group A [(8.90 ± 0.82), (9.03 ± 0.57), (9.27 ± 0.36), (9.86 ± 0.36), and (9.52 ± 0.58) cm] and group G [(8.87 ± 0.69), (8.51 ± 1.18), (9.34 ± 0.87), (9.76 ± 0.67), and (9.50 ± 1.22) cm], with P values below 0.05. Compared with that of group N, the number of myelinated nerve fibers of sciatic nerves was obviously decreased in group P but obviously increased in groups GA, A, and G; the diameter of axons was obviously shorter, and the myelin thickness was obviously increased in groups GA, A, G, and P in PIW 8 (with P values below 0.05). The number of myelinated nerve fibers in group GA was 31.2 ± 0.8, which was significantly higher than that in group A (23.7 ± 2.7), group G (22.3 ± 2.7), or group P (9.3 ± 2.8), with P values below 0.05. The diameter values of axons among groups P, A, G, and GA were similar (with P values above 0.05). The myelin thickness of rats in group GA was (3.41 ± 0.34) µm, which was significantly thicker than that in group A [(2.64 ± 0.37) µm] or group G [(2.41 ± 0.34) µm], with P values below 0.05. In PIW 4, the protein expression of GDNF of sciatic nerves was significantly higher in groups P, A, G, and GA than in group N (with P values below 0.05), and the protein expression of GDNF in group GA was significantly higher than that in group P, A, or G (with P values below 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSADSCs over-expressing GDNF protein can obviously promote the motor function recovery and nerve regeneration of sciatic nerve of rats after electrical injury.

Adipose Tissue ; Animals ; Electrophysiology ; Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor ; genetics ; metabolism ; Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation ; methods ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; metabolism ; Nerve Crush ; Nerve Regeneration ; physiology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Sciatic Nerve ; pathology ; physiology

Objective To evaluate the therapeutic effects of Thesium chinensis Turcz extracts on IgA nephropathy (IgAN) rats .Methods The hot water extracted solution of Thesium chinensis Turcz flow through the AB‐8 macroreticular res‐in column repeatedly ,then being eluted with different contents of ethanol to get four part of extract .The IgAN model of SD rats were established by oral intake of bovine serum albumin(BSA ,400 mg/kg) together with injection of lipopolysaccharide(LPS) and CCl4 .Beginning with 8th week ,the positive group(LGT ,10 mg/kg) ,water extract group(TT ,1 .0 g/kg) ,water soluble group(TTW ,0 .4 g/kg) ,high polarity group(TT20 ,0 .4 g/kg) and medium polarity group(TT50 ,0 .4 g/kg) rats were intragas‐tric administrated drug daily ,the normal group control and model control group rats were given with saline(n=8) .During the next 5 weeks treatment process ,the 24 h urine volume ,24 h urine protein concentration ,and quantity of erythrocyte in urine were observed .The levels of TP ,ALP ,ALT ,AST ,Scr and BUN in serum were determined .The expression of IgA deposition was measured by immunofluorescence staining ,and the pathological changes of kidney tissue were assayed after the therapy process .Results After 5 weeks therapy ,the 24 h urine protein concentration ,the quantity of erythrocyte in urine ,and the level of Scr and BUN of TT and TT50 groups were significantly lower than model control .The fluorescence intensities in the me‐sangial area were weaker than model control .Also ,the degrees of renal capsule expansion and mesangial matrix proliferations , and the kidney tubules damage of TT and TT50 groups were weaker than those of model control .Conclusion The water extract and its medium polarity fraction of Thesium chinensis Turcz show good therapeutic effects on IgAN rats .

Objective To determine the relationship of cytochrome P-450 epoxygenase metabolites of arachidonic acids with impaired endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation in the healthy elderly. Methods A case-control study was employed.The study enrolled 60 healthy young adults (group A) and 60 healthy senior citizens (group B) of Han population in Shanghai. Serum contents of 14,15-dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acid (14,15-DHET) (a stable metabolite of 14,15-EET), 6-Kote-PGF1a (a stable metabolite of prostaglandin) and TXB2 (a stable metabolite of thromboxane A2) were measured using ELISA kits. The endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation (EDV) and endothelium-independent vasorelaxation (NEDV) in brachial arteries were determined by color Doppler ultrasound. Results Compared with group A, group B had significant higher levels of hemoglobin A1c, triglyceride and cholesterol levels (P＜0.01), and significant lower levels of 14,15-DHET and 6-Kote-PGF1a (P＜0.001), leading to increased values of TXB2/6-Kote-PGF1a and TXB2/14,15-DHET. There was bigger basal interior diameter of brachial arterials with reduced EDV and NEDV response (P＜0.01 and P＜0.05, vs. group A respectively) in group B. Moreover, the age was negatively correlated with 14,15-DHET and TXB2/14,15-DHET. Conclusions Our results indicate that the impaired EDV and NEDV in aging are associated with reduced production of arachidonic acid metabolites through cytochrome P-450 epoxygenase pathway and cyooxygenase pathway of endothelium in the healthy elderly.

Objective To study how to reduce the complication rate of laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) for acute cholecystitis. Methods A retrospective analysis was made on clinical data of 158 cases of acute cholecystitis treated by LC from September 2001 to December 2003. Results Operations were accomplished laparoscopically in 151 cases, while conversions to open surgery were required in 7 cases (1 case of Mirizzi’s syndrome, 2 cases of gallbladder carcinoma, 1 case of cholecystoduodenal fistula, 2 cases of "ice-like" adhesions in the Calot triangle, and 1 case of common bile duct stones). Open re-exploration was performed in 1 case because of biliary leakage. Intraoperative cholangiography (IOC) was successfully conducted in 10 cases, 3 of which were found common bile duct stones. Out of the 3 cases, 2 cases underwent an intraoperative endoscopic sphincterotomy and 1 received a conversion to open choledochotomy with T-tube drainage. Conclusions When utilizing LC for acute cholecystitis, the rate of conversion and the incidence of complication may be reduced as long as the patients were properly selected, the principles of safety were abided by, and the intraoperative cholangiography was performed routinely.

OBJECTIVETo study the effects and the therapeutic mechanism of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) on prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) in alveolar bone and gingiva of experimental periodontitis in animal.

METHODSExperimental periodontitis was produced by silk thread sutures combined with high content sugar diet. For HBO therapy, they were exposed to a pressure of 0.25 MPa (2.5ATA), breathing pure oxygen one session a day for 60 min. The treatment course was 2 weeks. The value of PGE(2) in gingiva and alveolar bone was analyzed by enzyme immunoassay (EIA).

RESULTSThe value of PGE(2) in gingiva of control group was 3.21 ng/g, and that of PGE(2) in alveolar bone was 3.22 ng/g. The contents of PGE(2) in gingiva (13.96 ng/g) and alveolar bone (13.32 ng/g) of periodontitis group increased markedly than control group (P < 0.01). The contents of PGE(2) in gingiva (5.21 ng/g) of HBO group were 62.7% which was lower than that of periodontitis group, and the value of PGE(2) in alveolar bone (4.05 ng/g) were 69.6% lower than that of periodontitis group. The difference of PGE(2) in gingiva or alveolar bone was significant for the HBO group and periodontitis group (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSThe contents of PGE(2) in alveolar bone and gingiva increased markedly when experimental periodontitis has formed. The value of PGE(2) in alveolar bone and gingiva reduce markedly after HBO exposure, and the decreased rate of PGE(2) in alveolar bone is more evident than that of PGE(2) in gingiva after HBO therapy.

Alveolar Process ; metabolism ; Animals ; Dinoprostone ; metabolism ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Gingiva ; metabolism ; Guinea Pigs ; Hyperbaric Oxygenation ; Male ; Periodontitis ; metabolism