Hypertriglyceridemia （HTG） is the second leading cause of acute pancreatitis in China and can be caused by primary factors， namely gene mutations， which may lead to recurrent hypertriglyceridemic acute pancreatitis （HTG-AP） and difficulties in effective control of triglyceride. This article reports an adult Chinese male patient who experienced eight attacks of HTG-AP and was found to carry a de novo heterozygous mutation， p.K327N， of the GPD1 gene， which may cause the persistent high level of triglyceride and recurrent attacks of HTG-AP.

Objective Based on the efficacy of Ranae Oviductus in reinforcing the kidney and replenishing essence,a biological titer assay for Ranae Oviductus was developed using anti-ageing vitality as an indicator,and this was used to evaluate the quality of Ranae Oviductus from different origins and to provide a reference for improving its quality standard.Methods MRC-5 cells were used as the study target and H2O2 was used as the acute senescence model-inducing drug to verify the anti-aging effect of Ranae Oviductus by cell viability and β-galactosidase staining rate.Vc was selected as the reference and CCK-8 method was used as the biological titer assay for Ranae Oviductus.Results In the cell viability assay,compared to the model group,the Ranae Oviductus group was able to up-regulate cell viability,with the best effect at 250.0 μg·mL-1,up-regulating by 20.01％.The percentage of SA-β-gal positive cells was reduced by 17.70％in the cells pretreated with Ranae Oviductus.The results of the biological titer of anti-aging determination showed that the biological titer of anti-aging of Ranae Oviductus from different origins ranged from 218.03 to 1152.04 U·mg-1,with an extreme difference of 934.01 U·mg-1.Conclusion The established biological titer assay for Ranae Oviductus can clearly distinguish the differences in the quality of Ranae Oviductus and provide a certain reference for the quality evaluation and control of Ranae Oviductus.

Objective    To systematically evaluate the clinical efficacy and adverse reactions of paclitaxel and carboplatin with or without bevacizumab in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods    The databases including PubMed, The Cochrane Library, EMbase, CNKI, Wanfang Data, VIP and CBM were searched from inception to October 2022 to collect randomized controlled trials of the clinical efficacy of paclitaxel and carboplatin with or without bevacizumab for the treatment of NSCLC. RevMan 5.4 software was used for meta-analysis. Results    Eight randomized controlled trials were enrolled, involving a total of 1 724 patients. Meta-analysis showed that for the treatment of NSCLC, the disease control rate, overall response rate, 1-year survival rate, and 2-year survival rate were higher in the trial group (paclitaxel and carboplatin combined with bevacizumab) than those in the control group (paclitaxel and carboplatin) (P<0.05); however, the incidences of the adverse reactions, such as leukopenia, hemorrhage, proteinuria and hypertension, etc, were higher in the trial group than those in the control group (P<0.05). There were no statistical differences between the trial group and the control group in the incidences of fatigue, thrombocytopenia, neutropenia or hyponatremia, etc (P>0.05). In addition, the median progression-free survival and overall survival were longer in the trial  group than those in the control group. Conclusion    For the treatment of NSCLC, paclitaxel and carboplatin combined with bevacizumab is superior in terms of disease control, overall response and prolonging patient survival, etc, but will be associated with more adverse reactions.

Since the first case of corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) at the end of 2019, the virus has spread rapidly around the world and has become a global public health problem. In the process of this virus epidemic, compared with the general population, cancer patients are considered to be highly susceptible people, especially the lung cancer patients. Some studies have shown that angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) may be the pathway for SARS-CoV-2 to infect the host. At the same time, ACE2 is often abnormally expressed in non-small cell lung cancer. Therefore, understanding the respective mechanisms of ACE2 in COVID-19 and non-small cell lung cancer has extremely important reference value for the study of vaccines and therapeutic drugs, and also provides meaningful guidance for the protection of patients with lung cancer during the epidemic. This article reviews the possible invasive mechanism of ACE2 in SARS-CoV-2 and its abnormal expression in non-small cell lung cancer.

Objective    To systematically evaluate the application effect of CT-guided Hook-wire localization and CT-guided microcoil localization in pulmonary nodules surgery. Methods    The literatures on the comparison between CT-guided Hook-wire localization and CT-guided microcoil localization for pulmonary nodules were searched in PubMed, EMbase, The Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Wanfang, VIP and CNKI databases from the inception to October 2021. Review Manager (version 5.4) software was used for meta-analysis. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) was used to evaluate the quality of studies. Results    A total of 10 retrospective cohort studies were included, with 1 117 patients including 473 patients in the CT-guided Hook-wire localization group and 644 patients in the CT-guided microcoil localization group. The quality of the studies was high with NOS scores>6 points. The result of meta-analysis showed that the difference in the localization operation time (MD=0.14, 95%CI −3.43 to 3.71, P=0.940) between the two groups was not statistically significant. However, the localization success rate of the Hook-wire group was superior to the  microcoil group (OR=0.35, 95%CI 0.17 to 0.72, P=0.005). In addition, in comparison with Hook-wire localization, the microcoil localization could reduce the dislocation rate (OR=4.33, 95%CI 2.07 to 9.08, P<0.001), the incidence of pneumothorax (OR=1.62, 95%CI 1.12 to 2.33, P=0.010) and pulmonary hemorrhage (OR=1.64, 95%CI 1.07 to 2.51, P=0.020). Conclusion    Although Hook-wire localization is slightly better than microcoil localization in the aspect of the success rate of pulmonary nodule localization, microcoil localization has an obvious advantage compared with Hook-wire localization in terms of controlling the incidence of dislocation, pneumothorax and pulmonary hemorrhage. Therefore, from a comprehensive perspective, this study believes that CT-guided microcoil localization is a preoperative localization method worthy of further promotion.

Objective    To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of jejunostomy tube versus nasojejunal tube for enteral nutrition after radical resection of esophageal cancer. Methods    PubMed, EMbase, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, CNKI, Wanfang, VIP and CBM databases were searched to collect the clinical effects of jejunostomy tube versus nasojejunal nutrition tube after radical resection of esophageal cancer from inception to October 2021. Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.4 software. Results    Twenty-six articles were included, including 17 randomized controlled studies and 9 cohort studies, with a total of 35 808 patients. Meta-analysis results showed that: in the jejunostomy tube group, the postoperative exhaust time (MD=–4.27, 95%CI –5.87 to –2.66, P=0.001), the incidence of pulmonary infection (OR=1.39, 95%CI 1.06 to 1.82, P=0.02), incidence of tube removal (OR=0.11, 95%CI 0.04 to 0.30, P=0.001), incidence of tube blockage (OR=0.47, 95%CI 0.23 to 0.97, P=0.04), incidence of nasopharyngeal discomfort (OR=0.04, 95%CI 0.01 to 0.13, P=0.001), the incidence of nasopharyngeal mucosal damage (OR=0.13, 95%CI 0.04 to 0.42, P=0.008), the incidence of nausea and vomiting (OR=0.20, 95%CI 0.08 to 0.47, P=0.003) were significantly shorter or lower than those of the nasojejunal tube group. The postoperative serum albumin level (MD=5.75, 95%CI 5.34 to 6.16, P=0.001) was significantly better than that of the nasojejunal tube group. However, the intraoperative operation time of the jejunostomy tube group (MD=13.65, 95%CI 2.32 to 24.98, P=0.02) and the indent time of the postoperative nutrition tube (MD=17.81, 95%CI 12.71 to 22.91, P=0.001) were longer than those of the nasojejunal nutrition tube. At the same time, the incidence of postoperative intestinal obstruction (OR=6.08, 95%CI 2.55 to 14.50, P=0.001) was significantly higher than that of the nasojejunal tube group. There were no statistical differences in the length of postoperative hospital stay or the occurrence of anastomotic fistula between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion    In the process of enteral nutrition after radical resection of esophageal cancer, jejunostomy tube has better clinical treatment effect and is more comfortable during catheterization, but the incidence of intestinal obstruction is higher than that of traditional nasojejunal tube.

Objective    To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of nedaplatin versus cisplatin combined with fluorouracil in the treatment of esophageal neoplasms. Methods    PubMed, EMbase, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, CNKI, WanFang, VIP and CBM databases were searched by computer to investigate the randomized controlled studies about the clinical effects of nedaplatin combined with fluorouracil versus cisplatin combined with fluorouracil in the treatment of esophageal neoplasms. The retrieval time was from the establishment of the database to January 2021. And meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.4. Results    A total of 12 randomized controlled studies involving 744 patients were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that the total effective rate of the nedaplatin group was better than that of the cisplatin group (P<0.05). The incidence of nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and renal impairment in the nedaplatin group was lower than that in the cisplatin group (P<0.05), but the incidence of leukopenia and hemoglobin decline was higher than that in the cisplatin group (P<0.05). There was no statistical difference in the incidence of liver injury, or platelet decline between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion    Nedaplatin combined with fluorouracil has more advantages than cisplatin combined with fluorouracil in the treatment of esophageal cancer, the incidence of nausea, vomiting and diarrhea is lower, and the damage to kidney function is also smaller.

Objective:To investigate the influence of preoperative thyroid dysfunction on the 30-day postoperative mortality and complications in elderly patients with hip fracture.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted of the 349 elderly patients with hip fracture who had been admitted to Department of Orthopedic Trauma, Beijing Luhe Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University from January 2018 to December 2019. They were 108 males and 241 females, with an average age of 76.3 years (from 60 to 104 years). There were 190 femoral intertrochanteric fractures and 159 femoral neck fractures. By the preoperative level of thyroid function, the patients were divided into a normal function group of 290 cases and a dysfunction group of 59 cases. The 2 groups were compared in terms of hospital stay, mortality and incidence of complications within 30 days postoperation.Results:In this cohort, the rate of 30-day postoperative mortality was 3.4%(12/349) and the incidence of 30-day postoperative complications 14.6%(51/349). The 2 groups were comparable because there was no significant difference between them in the preoperative general data except for the preoperative comorbidity of coronary heart disease ( P>0.05). In the dysfunction group, the hospital stay averaged (10.2±6.9) d, the rate of 30-d postoperative mortality 1.7%(1/59) and the incidence of 30-day postoperative complications 16.9%(10/59), which were insignificantly different from those in the normal function group [(10.7±7.5) d, 3.8%(11/290) and 14.1%(41/290), respectively] ( P> 0.05). Conclusion:Since preoperative thyroid dysfunction does not affect the 30-day postoperative mortality and postoperative complications in the elderly patients with hip fracture but no definite thyroid disease, routine thyroid function screening is not recommended for them.

Objective:To establish and validate a malignant risk prediction model of solitary pulmonary nodules (SPNs) with pulmonary fibrosis in long-term smokers based on 18F-flurodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/CT. Methods:PET/CT images of 222 SPNs combined with pulmonary fibrosis which were shown in integrated CT scan in 169 patients (all males; age 68(63, 75) years) were analyzed retrospectively. All patients were examined in PET/CT Center of the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from January 2011 to December 2019 and all had definite smoking history. The benign and malignant nodules were judged according to the pathological diagnosis or follow-up imaging data of lung lesions (follow-up≥2 years). The clinical characteristics (age, smoking index), morphological characteristics (longest diameter of lesion, density, location, distribution, relative position of fibrosis, spiculation, lobulation, calcification, vacuole, vascular convergence, pleural indentation, emphysema and severity of bilateral pulmonary fibrosis) and metabolic characteristics (maximum standardized uptake value (SUV max)) of the benign and malignant lesions were analyzed by χ2 test and Mann-Whitney U test. Then multivariate logistic regression analysis was applied to select independent risk factors of malignant nodules, and a risk prediction model was established and verified by the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and k-fold cross validation ( k=10) respectively. Results:Among 169 patients, 222 SPNs were detected (157 malignant nodules, 65 benign nodules). Univariate analysis showed that smoking index, speculation, lobulation, vascular convergence sign, calcification, emphysema, nodule size, relative position of nodule and fibrosis, SUV max and severity of bilateral pulmonary fibrosis were significantly different between the benign and malignant nodules ( z values: 2.514-9.858, χ2 values: 4.353-18.442, all P<0.05). Result of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that calcification, vascular convergence and SUV max were the independent risk factors of malignant nodules combined with pulmonary fibrosis (odds ratio ( OR): 0.048-2.534, all P<0.05). The risk prediction model was as follow: P=1/(1+ e - x), x=-1.839-3.033×calcification+ 0.930×vascular convergence+ 0.754×SUV max(with calcification/vascular convergence=1, without calcification/vascular convergence=0). The area under ROC curve was 0.932(95% CI: 0.895-0.969), and the sensitivity and specificity of the model were 87.9% and 86.2%, respectively. Results of k-fold cross validation showed that the prediction accuracy of 10 test sets was 0.847±0.075, and was 0.862±0.010 in training sets. Conclusions:Calcification, vascular convergence and SUV max are independent risk factors of malignant SPNs combined with pulmonary fibrosis in long-term asymptomatic smokers. The model based on the above variables presents high diagnostic efficiency in diagnosing malignant SPNs.