Objective To analyze the cerebral blood flow changes in patients with newly diagnosed untreated early-onset depression(EOD),using three-dimensional pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling(3D-pCASL),and to explore its relationship with clinical phenotypes.Methods The Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD),Childhood Trauma Questionnaire(CTQ)scores,3D T1WI,and 3D-pCASL brain images of 65 untreated EOD patients and 55 healthy volunteers(HC group)were collected.SPM 12 and DPABI_V7.0 software were used to preprocess and analyze the whole brain images in two groups.Xjview software was used to analyze the value of cerebral blood flow(CBF)at the whole brain level of the two groups,and SPSS 25.0 software was used to evaluate the correlation of CBF values with HAMD scores and CTQ scores.Results Compared with the HC group,the CBF of the EOD group was reduced significantly[P＜0.05,cluster size＞50,false discovery rate(FDR)correction]in the right opercular inferior frontal gyrus(t=5.89),right temporo-parieto-occipital(TPO)region(t=6.49),and blood perfusion increased significantly(P＜0.05,cluster size＞50,FDR correction)in the left superior frontal gyrus(t=5.31)and left insular lobe(t=4.70).Conclusion The proportion of EOD patients with childhood trauma experience is relatively large.EOD patients have both reduced areas and increased areas in cerebral perfusion.The CBF value of the right TPO area is negatively correlated with HAMD scores;The CBF value of the left superior frontal gyrus is positively correlated with the total score of CTQ and the index of physical neglect score in CTQ,which is different from the result of studies that do not distinguish between early-onset and late-onset depression.

In view of the problem of slow development of intensive care medicine in Xizang, the research team made full use of the national partner assistance to Xizang, gathered resources across all cities in Xizang, and formed a national academic platform for critical care medicine in plateau areas. Adhering to the academic orientation with hemodynamics as the main topic, critical care ultrasound as the bedside dynamic monitoring and evaluation method, and blood flow-oxygen flow resuscitation as the core connotation, we have achieved the goals of improving the critical care talent echelon throughout Xizang, driving the overall progress of intensive care medicine in Xizang, making a figure in China, and focusing on training of top-notch talents.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2017.03.002.].

A pharmacophore-based study was conducted to investigate the therapeutic activity of the traditional Tibetan medicine Zha Xun (ZX) in liver diseases. In the present study, the protective effect of ZX on the acute liver injury induced by concanavalin A (ConA) and 0.15% carbon tetrachloride (0.15% CCl₄) in ICR mice was evaluated, and the results showed that ZX significantly reduced serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in the ConA-induced acute immune liver injury model and the CCl₄-induced acute oxidative liver injury model (P < 0.05). Subsequently, the protective effects of aqueous, 95% ethanol, 60% ethanol and 30% ethanol eluting fractions of ZX, and fulvic acid, the main water-soluble constituent of ZX, were evaluated against acute oxidative liver injury induced by 0.15% CCl₄ in mice. The results showed that different solvent-eluting fractions of ZX showed certain hepatoprotective activities, among which the aqueous extract of ZX and 30% ethanol extract of ZX significantly reduced the serum levels of ALT, AST, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in mice (P < 0.05), and the serum levels of LDH in mice were significantly reduced by fulvic acid (P < 0.05), which showed significant hepatoprotective activity. The protective activities and preliminary mechanisms of the total extract of ZX, the aqueous extract of ZX, the 30% ethanol extract of ZX, and fulvic acid against hepatocellular injury in vitro were further evaluated by using the H₂O₂-induced hepatocellular injury model. The results showed that the components could significantly inhibit H₂O₂-induced hepatocellular injury, reduce the levels of ALT, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and LDH, improve the survival rate of hepatocellular cells, and reduce the content of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cell culture. At the same time, it can inhibit hepatocyte apoptosis by increasing the expression ratio of Bcl-2/BAX protein and decreasing the expression ratio of cleaved caspase-3/pro caspase-3 protein. The present study showed that ZX has clear hepatoprotective activity in vitro and in vivo, and the different solvent elution fractions of ZX showed certain hepatoprotective activity, among which the aqueous extract of ZX, 30% ethanol extract of ZX had better hepatoprotective activity, and the activity of 60% ethanol extract of ZX was stronger than that of 95% ethanol extract of ZX. The activity of ZX and its water-soluble elution site exerted hepatoprotective effects by inhibiting hepatocyte apoptosis and oxidative stress. The animals used in this experiment and related disposal meet the requirements of animal welfare, and have been reviewed and approved by the Laboratory Animal Management and Use Committee of the Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (approval number: 00004018).

Humans ; Brentuximab Vedotin ; Ki-1 Antigen ; Antineoplastic Agents ; Immunoconjugates/therapeutic use* ; Lymphoma/drug therapy*

Arrhythmia is an external manifestation of cardiac electrophysiological disorder. It exists in healthy people and patients with various heart diseases, which is often associated with other cardiovascular diseases. The contraction and diastole of myocardium are inseparable from the movement of ions. There are many ion channels in the membrane and organelle membrane of myocardium. The dynamic balance of myocardial ions is vital in maintaining myocardial electrical homeostasis. Potassium ion channels that have a complex variety and a wide distribution are involved in the whole process of resting potential and action potential of cardiomyocytes. Potassium ion channels play a vital role in maintaining normal electrophysiological activity of myocardium and is one of the pathogenesis of arrhythmia. Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)has unique advantages in treating arrhythmia for its complex active components and diverse targets. A large number of TCM preparations have definite effect on treating arrhythmia-related diseases, whose antiarrhythmic mechanism may be related to the effect on potassium channel. This article mainly reviewed the relevant studies on the active components in TCM acting on different potassium channels to provide references for clinical drug use and development.
Humans ; Potassium Channels ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Anti-Arrhythmia Agents/therapeutic use* ; Arrhythmias, Cardiac/drug therapy* ; Heart Diseases/drug therapy* ; Ions

AIM: To investigate the impact of meteorological factors in different environments in the eastern and western regions of China on the incidence of lipid-abnormal dry eye.METHODS: This is a multicenter retrospective study. From March 1, 2021 to February 28, 2022, all patients with dry eye were selected from the ophthalmology clinic of Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine and Friendship Hospital of Xinjiang Yili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture. General data(gender, age, employment and education)and climate data for outdoor environments(temperature, humidity, air quality index and wind)on the day of the visit were collected. Patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were selected. Single factor, multiple factors and nonlinear model analysis were applied to identify environmental factors of lipid-abnormal dry eye in both regions.RESULTS: There was no significant difference in the incidence of lipid-abnormal dry eye between Nanjing and Yili in different seasons. The incidence of lipid-abnormal dry eye in Yili was significantly higher in all seasons than in Nanjing(P<0.001). The results of univariate research showed that the factors affecting the incidence of lipid-abnormal dry eye were gender, employment, humidity, air quality, and wind. The results of multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that humidity, temperature and air quality were statistically significant, and remained significant after adjusting for the three confounding factors of age, gender and employment situation. Nonlinear analysis showed that the probability of lipid-abnormal dry eye increased with the decrease of temperature when the temperature was below 10℃; within the range of 10℃～15℃, the probability of lipid-abnormal dry eye tended to stabilize. When the temperature exceeded 15℃, the probability of lipid-abnormal dry eye increased with the increase of temperature. Humidity was negatively correlated with the onset of lipid-abnormal dry eye. As humidity increased, the probability of lipid-abnormal dry eye decreased.CONCLUSIONS: The risk of lipid-abnormal dry eye in Yili is higher than that in Nanjing throughout the four seasons. Humidity, temperature, air quality and other environmental and meteorological factors can all affect the incidence of lipid-abnormal dry eye.

OBJECTIVE: To observe the clinical therapeutic effect of Tongdu Tiaoshen acupuncture combined with carotid endarterectomy (CEA) and simple CEA on carotid artery stenosis (CAS). METHODS: A total of 60 patients with CAS were randomized into an observation group (30 cases, 2 cases dropped off) and a control group (30 cases, 3 cases dropped off). Both groups were treated with eversion CEA (eCEA). The conventional treatment of internal medicine and antiplatelet drugs i.e. aspirin enteric-coated tablet and clopidogrel hydrogen sulfate tablet were given in the control group for 4 weeks. On the basis of the treatment in the control group, Tongdu Tiaoshen acupuncture was applied at Baihui (GV 20), Fengfu (GV 16), Yamen (GV 15), cervical Jiaji (EX-B 2), Dazhui (GV 14), etc. in the observation group, once a day, 1-day rest was taken after 6-day treatment, 2 weeks were as one course and totally 2 courses were required. The carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) before and after treatment was detected by ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus, the TCM symptom score was compared before and after treatment and in the follow-up of 6 months after treatment, the clinical efficacy was evaluated in the two groups. The occurrence of endpoints within 1 year was recorded. RESULTS: After treatment, the carotid IMT and TCM symptom scores were decreased compared before treatment in the both groups (P<0.05), and the changes in the observation group were greater than the control group (P<0.05). In the follow-up, the TCM symptom scores were decreased compared before treatment in the both groups (P<0.05). The total effective rate was 96.4% (27/28) in the observation group, which was superior to 88.9% (24/27) in the control group (P<0.05). There were 1 case of stoke in the observation group and 2 cases of stroke in the control group within 1-year follow-up, and there was no significant difference in the number of endpoints between the two groups within 1 year (P>0.05). CONCLUSION Tongdu Tiaoshen acupuncture combined with CEA can effectively reduce the IMT in patients with CAS, improve the TCM symptom score, the efficacy is superior to simple CEA treatment.
Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Carotid Intima-Media Thickness ; Carotid Stenosis/therapy* ; Endarterectomy, Carotid ; Humans ; Treatment Outcome

Youth is the core force of social and economic development, once the occurrence of youth stroke will place a heavy burden on society and family. However, the prevention and control of stroke in China is mainly aimed at middle-aged and elderly patients, the part of young stroke is relatively easy to be ignored. This article focuses on the characteristics, research progress, prevention and control status of young stroke, pointing out the importance of centering on the prevention and treatment of young stroke. At the same time, it hopes that the industry can concentrate on the prevention and treatment of young stroke, making precise policies in the future, and developing secondary prevention guidelines for the causes or risk factors of young stroke, so as to improve comprehensive stroke prevention and control system. On this basis, the health level of the whole population will be improved, and the life expectancy of residents will be extended, thus promoting the realization of the strategic goal of "Healthy China 2030".
Adolescent ; Aged ; China/epidemiology* ; Health Status ; Humans ; Life Expectancy ; Middle Aged ; Policy ; Stroke/prevention & control*

Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics and identify the risk factors of Giardia lamblia infections among patients with colorectal cancer in Henan Province. Methods A cross-sectional study was performed for questionnaire surveys among colorectal cancer patients in Henan Cancer Hospital during the period from March to July, 2021. Patients’ stool samples were collected, and the triosephosphate isomerase (tpi) gene of G. lamblia was amplified in stool samples using nested PCR assay to characterize the parasite genotype. Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analyses were employed to identify the risk factors of G. lamblia infections among colorectal cancer patients. Results A total of 307 colorectal cancer patients were investigated, including 176 males (57.3%) and 131 females (42.7%). PCR assay detected 8.1% [95% confidential interval (CI): (0.056, 0.117)] prevalence of G. lamblia infections among the study subjects, and there was no significant difference in the prevalence between men [9.1%, 95% CI: (0.057, 0.143)] and women [6.9%, 95% CI: (0.037, 0.125)] (χ² = 0.495, P = 0.482). In addition, there was no age-specific prevalence of G. lamblia infections among the participants (χ² = 1.534, P = 0.675). Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified use of septic tanks [odds ratio (OR) = 3.336, 95% CI: (1.201, 9.267)], daily use of well water [OR = 3.042, 95% CI: (1.093, 8.465)] and raising livestock [OR = 3.740, 95% CI: (1.154, 12.121)] as risk factors of G. lamblia infections among colorectal cancer patients, and the prevalence of abdominal pain was significantly greater in colorectal cancer patients with G. lamblia infections than in those without infections (P = 0.017). Among the 25 patients with G. lamblia infections, assemblage A was characterized in 24 (96.0%) cases and assemblage B in one case (4.0%). Conclusions The prevalence of G. lamblia is high among colorectal cancer patients in Henan Province, and assemblage A is the dominant genotype of G. lamblia. Use of septic tanks, daily use of well water and raising livestock are risk factors of G. lamblia infections among patients with colorectal cancer.