Objective　To study the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of the monkeypox epidemic in Longgang District, Shenzhen, and conduct a comprehensive analysis and discussion to provide a reference for monkeypox epidemic prevention and control. Methods An epidemiological investigation was conducted on 16 monkeypox cases found in the medical institutions of Longgang District on June 2023. The distribution of cases, high-risk exposure characteristics (contact objects, methods, locations, etc.), incidence characteristics, and medical treatment situation were analyzed. Relevant discussions on epidemic prevention and control were further conducted in light of the actual situation and the problems encountered. Results The cases were all unmarried young men and men who have sex with men (MSM) population. The disease was transmitted from person to person through same-sex contact, with non-fixed sexual partners as the source of infection and exposure locations being relatively concealed, and the average incubation period was 8.42 days. Most cases were discovered through active seeking medical attention, accounting for 68.78% (11/16). Fever was the primary initial symptom accounting for 56.25% (9/16), with the main symptoms being a rash and fever, at 100% and 68.75% (11/16), respectively. Time from fever to rash onset was mainly 0-3 days, accounting for 90.91% (10/11). The eruption site involveed multiple different parts of the body, and there was no special order of eruption. The time interval from onset to seeking medical attention and from onset to discovery was similar, with 5.91 days and 5.94 days respectively. The majority of cases were HIV infected, accounting for 68.75% (11/16)。Conclusions The monkeypox epidemic is prevalent in MSM populations and is transmitted through male to male contact through human transmission. However, due to unstable sexual partners and concealed exposure locations, tracing the source is difficult, with an average incubation period of 8.42 days. The symptoms are mainly fever and rash, with a long time from onset to medical treatment. The initial manifestations are mild, leading to missed diagnoses on the first visit, resulting in difficulty in timely discovery and prevention of further cases. At the same time, investigating and handling the epidemic are challenging, making the prevention and control of the outbreak a difficult task.

Objective To observe the value of isotropic volumetric MRI for displaying perineural spread(PNS)of cranial nerve(CN)in nasopharyngeal carcinoma.Methods Eighty-seven patients with pathologically proven nasopharyngeal carcinoma were prospectively enrolled.MR scanning,including three-dimensional liver acquisition with volume acceleration-flexible(3D LAVA_Flex)image,T2WI with fat suppression(T2WI-FS),T1WI,contrast enhancement(CE)T1WI-FS of nasopharynx and neck region were performed.The displaying rates of CN PNS were evaluated and compared between 3D LAVA Flex and T2WI-FS,T1WI,CE-T1WI-FS at patient level,CN group level and neural level,respectively.Results The displaying rate of CN PNS in all 87 nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients by 3D LAVA_Flex sequence was 49.43％(43/87),higher than that of conventional MRI(30/87,34.48％,P=0.001).Among 59 patients with advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma diagnosed with conventional sequences,the displaying rate of CN PNS was 71.19％(42/59)by 3D LAVA-Flex sequence,higher than that of conventional MRI(30/59,50.85％,P=0.001).At both patient level and posterior CN level,significant differences of the displaying rate of CN PNS were found between 3D LAVA-Flex sequence and T2WI-FS,T1WI,CE-T1WI-FS,while at CN level,the displaying rates of mandibular nerve PNS,CN Ⅸ-Ⅺ PNS in jugular foramen(P＜0.05)and CN Ⅸ-Ⅻ PNS in carotid space of 3D LAVA_Flex sequence were all significantly higher than that of T2WI-FS,T1WI and CE-T1WI-FS(all P＜0.05),of PNS of CN Ⅲ-Ⅴ in cavernous sinus were higher than that of T2WI-FS(P＜0.05),while of PNS of hypoglossal nerve were significantly higher than that of T2WI-FS and T1WI(both P＜0.05).Conclusion 3D LAVA_Flex sequence could be used to effectively display CN PNS of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Objective:To explore the value of contrast enhancement T1 fluid-attenuated inversion recovery sequence (CE-T1FLAIR) based on modulated flip angle technique in refocused imaging with extended echo train (MATRIX) in detecting metastases.Methods:One hundred and seventy-six patients with pathologically diagnosed malignant tumors and brain metastases accepted enhanced 3.0T MRI scan in Department of Medical Imaging, He'nan Provincial Cancer Hospital from October 2023 to February 2024 were enrolled. Lianying's intelligent brain metastasis AI-assisted detection system and sequences of MATRIX CE-T1FLAIR, 3D GRE_fsp CE-T1FLAIR and FSE CE-T1FLAIR were used to detect the brain metastasis lesions, respectively. Length of the lesions was measured according to Lianying's intelligent brain metastasis AI-assisted detection system, and all lesions were divided into 3 categories: <3 mm, 3-10 mm, and >10 mm. Differences in detection rate in brain metastases of different lengths and locations among the 3 sequences were compared.Results:Detection rates of MATRIX CE-T1FLAIR, 3D GRE_fsp CE-T1FLAIR, and FSE CE-T1FLAIR in brain metastases were 99.67%, 90.52%, and 71.02%, which were decreased successively, with significant differences ( P<0.05). Detection rates of MATRIX CE-T1FLAIR, 3D GRE_fsp CE-T1FLAIR and FSE CE-T1FLAIR in brain metastases with length<3 mm (99.24%, 79.95% and 46.45%) or length of 3-10 mm (100%, 98.19% and 87.53%) were decreased successively, with significant differences ( P<0.05). Detection rates of MATRIX CE-T1FLAIR (100%, 80.56% and 64.24%), 3D GRE_fsp CE-T1FLAIR (100%, 97.25% and 76.11%), and FSE CE-T1FLAIR (100%, 91.18% and 70.59%) in metastases at the superficial area of the brain convexity, gray-white matter junction area, and cerebellum were decreased successively, with significant differences ( P<0.05). Detection rates of FSE CE-T1FLAIR in brain metastases in the basal ganglia and brainstem (69.33% and 50%) were significantly lower than those of MATRIX CE-T1FLAIR and 3D GRE_fsp CE-T1FLAIR (97.33% and 92.86%; 88% and 78.57%, P<0.05). Conclusion:MATRIX CE-T1FLAIR sequence is better than 3D GRE_fsp CE-T1FLAIR and FSE CE-T1FLAIR sequences in detecting brain metastases, especially for metastases with length<10 mm and metastases located at the superficial area of the brain convexity, gray-white matter junction area and cerebellum.

Objective:To investigate the value of quantitative parameters of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in predicting the efficacy of chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy for children and adolescents with mature aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL).Methods:It was a retrospective multicenter study.Clinical data of 44 children and adolescents diagnosed with mature aggressive B-cell NHL between January 2016 and January 2023 in Henan Cancer Hospital, Beijing Gaobo Boren Hospital, and the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University were retrospectively analyzed.Patients were divided into complete response (CR) group and non-CR group based on the international criteria for the diagnosis of pediatric NHL.Quantitative parameters of MRI, including T2 signal intensity, the minimal apparent diffusion coefficient (ADCmin), maximal ADC (ADCmax), and the mean ADC (ADCmean) were measured before and within 2 weeks after CAR-T infusion.The correlation between the above parameters and the achievement of CR was analyzed.The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to assess the inter-observer agreement among observers in measuring quantitative parameters of MRI.Differences between groups were analyzed using the independent sample t-test.Factors influencing CR were identified through the binary Logistic regression analysis, and a prediction model was established.Model performance was evaluated by plotting receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Results:Significant differences were observed between the CR group and non-CR group in T2 signal intensity before CAR-T infusion (267±152 vs.364±160, P=0.048), and ADCmin (0.94±0.38 vs.0.53±0.28, P<0.05), ADCmax (1.73±0.69 vs.0.84±0.43, P<0.05), ADCmean (1.28±0.48 vs.0.67±0.33, P<0.05), and T2 signal intensity within 2 weeks after CAR-T infusion (198±139 vs.345±168, P=0.004). A univariate prediction model was created by introducing the above quantitative parameters.The area under the curve (AUC), specificity, sensitivity, and accuracy of T2 signal intensity before CAR-T infusion in predicting the efficacy on children and adolescents with mature aggressive B-cell NHL were 0.800, 84.0%, 57.9%, and 72.7%, respectively.The AUC, specificity, sensitivity, and accuracy of ADCmax within 2 weeks of CAR-T infusion were 0.958, 88.0%, 78.9%, and 84.1%, respectively.The AUC, specificity, sensitivity, and accuracy of T2 signal intensity within 2 weeks of CAR-T infusion were 0.869, 84.0%, 68.4%, and 77.3%, respectively. Conclusions:Quantitative parameters of MRI, including ADC values and T2 signal intensity, are of great significance in the early prediction of CAR-T therapy efficacy on children and adolescents with mature aggressive B-cell NHL.Among these parameters, ADCmax presents the strongest predictive performance and serves as a valuable indicator for predicting a complete response with CAR-T treatment.

Objective:To evaluate the effectiveness of enhanced CT texture feature analysis in predicting pseudoprogression in patients with metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma (mccRCC) undergoing programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) inhibitor therapy.Methods:A cross-sectional study. Data from 32 patients with mccRCC were retrospectively collected who received monotherapy with PD-1 inhibitors after standard treatment failure at Henan Cancer Hospital, from June 2015 to January 2021. Clinical information and enhanced CT images were analyzed to assess target lesion response. The lesions were divided into pseudoprogression and non-pseudoprogression groups. Manual segmentation of target lesions was performed using ITK-Snap software on baseline enhanced CT, and texture analysis was conducted using A.K. software to extract feature parameters. Differences in texture features between the pseudoprogression and non-pseudoprogression groups were analyzed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression. A predictive model for pseudoprogression was constructed, and its performance was evaluated using ROC curve analysis.Results:A total of 32 patients with 89 lesions were included in the study. Statistical analysis revealed significant differences in seven texture features between the pseudoprogression and non-pseudoprogression groups. These features included“original_ngtdm_Strength”(0.49 vs. -0.61, P=0.006), “wavelet-HLH_glszm_ZonePercentage”(0.67 vs. -0.22, P=0.024),“wavelet-LHL_ngtdm_Strength”(1.20 vs. -0.51, P=0.002), “wavelet-HLL_gldm_LargeDependenceEmphasis”(-0.84 vs. 0.19, P=0.002), “wavelet-HLH_glcm_Id” (-0.30 vs. 0.43, P=0.037),“wavelet- HLH_glrlm_RunPercentage”(0.45 vs. -0.01, P=0.032),“wavelet-LHH_firstorder_Skewness”(0.25 vs. -0.27, P=0.011). Based on these features, a pseudoprogression prediction model was developed with a P-value of 0.000 2 and an odds ratio of 0.045 (95% CI 0.009-0.227). The model exhibited a high predictive performance with an AUC of 0.907 (95% CI 0.817-0.997) according to ROC curve analysis. Conclusions:Enhanced CT texture feature analysis shows promise in predicting lesion pseudoprogression in patients with metastatic ccRCC undergoing PD-1 inhibitor therapy. The developed predictive model based on texture features demonstrates good performance and may assist in evaluating treatment response in these patients.

Objective:Rapid assessment of the outcome after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is an important clinical issue. In this study, an electrocardiogram (ECG) analysis method based on dynamic learning was proposed.Methods:A total of 203 patients with ACS after successful PCI were enrolled for prospective analysis at the Emergency Department of Qilu Hospital of Shandong University from April 2019 to December 2020. All patients were divided into group without ≥70% postoperative stenosis ( n=72) and group with ≥ 70% postoperative stenosis ( n=131) according to the presence of 70% or more stenosis after PCI. The clinical data of ACS patients were collected and analyzed by χ2 test, t-test, or Mann-Whitney test. ECGs were recorded before and 2 h after PCI, and were dynamically analyzed to generate cardiodynamicsgram (CDG) using dynamic learning. In the group without ≥ 70% postoperative stenosis, the model and CDG index for evaluating myocardial ischemia were obtained by training support vector machine (SVM) using 10 times 10-fold cross-validation. Results:There was no significant difference in clinical data between the two groups. The prediction accuracy and sensitivity of the support vector machine model for myocardial ischemia in group without≥70% postoperative stenosis were 73.61%, and 84.72% respectively. CDG transformed from disorderly to regular after PCI, and CDG index decreased significantly ( P<0.001): 90.28% (65) patients in group without≥70% postoperative stenosis, and 79.39% (104) patients in group with≥70% postoperative stenosis had lower CDG indexes than before PCI. Conclusions:In this study, CDG obtained by dynamic learning can intuitively and effectively evaluate the changes of myocardial ischemia before and after PCI, which is helpful to assist clinicians to formulate the next treatment plan.

Objective:To explore the effect of acupoint massage combined with upper limb rehabilitation training in the functional exercise of the affected limb of patients after modified radical mastectomy for breast cancer.Methods:From February 2018 to April 2020, convenience sampling was used to select170 patients after modified radical mastectomy for breast cancer admitted to Fuyang Cancer Hospital as the research object. The patients were divided into the observation group and the control group with 85 cases in each group by random number table method. The control group conducted pressure cuffs and upper limb rehabilitation training, and the observation group carried out acupoint massage on the basis of the control group. The upper limb function, the incidence of lymphedema and the quality of life were compared between the two groups.Results:One case fell off in the observation group, 4 cases fell off in the control group, and finally 84 patients were included in the observation group, and 81 patients were included in the control group. Three months after the operation, the angles of abduction, flexion and extension of the affected limb of the observation group were greater than those of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05) . Three months after the operation, the incidence of upper limb lymphedema in the observation group was lower than that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05) . Three months after the operation, the total scores of the Chinese version of Function Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Breast and the scores of social/family well-being, functional well-being, and emotional well-being of the observation group were higher than those of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:Acupoint massage combined with upper limb rehabilitation training can help promote the recovery of the function of the affected limb after the modified radical mastectomy for breast cancer, and reduce the incidence of lymphedema in the affected limb, and improve the quality of life of patients.

Objective:To explore the effect of situational behavior record reflection training on the listening ability of newly recruited clinical nurses.Methods:From March to September 2020, cluster sampling was used to select 116 newly recruited clinical nurses from the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University as the research object. According to the entry order, nurses were divided into the observation group ( n=58) and the control group ( n=58). The nurses in the control group were trained in accordance with our hospital's regular standardized training system, while the observation group used situational behavior record reflection training method. Before the intervention and 6 months after the intervention, the Hodgetts Listening Performance Scale and the Patient Satisfaction with Nursing Care Questionnaire were used to compare the listening ability and patient satisfaction of the two groups of newly recruited clinical nurses. A total of 116 questionnaires were distributed and 113 valid questionnaires were returned with the valid response rate of 97.41%. Results:Before the intervention, there was no statistically significant differences in the scores of the Hodgetts Listening Performance Scale and the Patient Satisfaction with Nursing Care Questionnaire between the two groups of nurses ( P>0.05). After the intervention, the scores of the Hodgetts Listening Performance Scale and the Patient Satisfaction with Nursing Care Questionnaire of the two groups of nurses were higher than those before the intervention, and those of the observation group were higher than those of the control group, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.01) . Conclusions:Situational behavior record reflection training can improve the listening ability and patient satisfaction of newly recruited clinical nurses, which is conducive to alleviating the nurse-patient relationship and improving the quality of nursing care.

Objective:Biobank construction plays an irreplaceable role in the research of accurate prevention and treatment of diseases. Shared biobank network based on a large crowd queue is the way of the future. This subject is one of the key contents of national precision medicine "The Breast Cancer Cohort Study in Chinese Women: (BCCS-CW)" , aiming to solve the bottleneck of insufficient standardization and sharing.Methods:The establishment of "entity library-information library-extension library" , the widely Shared network of biobank of breast cancer specific disease cohort, and the establishment of strict standard setting and quality control standard to construct the standardized biobank.Results:This biobank provides a shared biobank resource for breast cancer risk assessment, prediction and early warning, early screening, classification, individualized treatment, efficacy and safety prediction and monitoring and other accurate prevention and treatment programs and clinical decision-making system research.Conclusion:The data of this biological sample bank is refined and complete, and the sample size of cases is sufficient, which can meet the research needs of medical big data, genomics, metabonomics, epigenetics and other fields.

Objective To comparatively analyze the application of conventional echo planar imaging-diffusion weighted imaging (EPI-DWI) and readout-segmented echo-planar diffusion imaging (RESOLVE) in the diagnosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.Methods A total of 35 patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma confirmed by pathology were included in this study.All patients underwent conventional EPI-DWI and RESLOVE (b=800 s/mm2) with a 3.0 T MRI scanner.ADC values of the tumors and normal nasopharyngeal tissues were calculated.Scoring (Five-point score) for imaging quality of conventional EPI-DWI and RESLOVE was independently performed by two radiologists with 5 years experiences and the agreement evaluation was performed using Kappa analysis.The numbers of cases with effectively ADC values,the ADC values of the same tissue in different sequences and the ADC values of the tumor and the normal muscle tissue in the same sequence were compared.The data was statistically analyzed by x2 test,paired sample t test and independent sample t test.Results The agreement between two radiologists was excellent.The Kappa value of the conventional EPI-DWI was 0.91 1(P＜0.01).The Kappa value of the RESOLVE was 0.827(P＜0.01).Four points or more accounted for 97.1％ (34/35) in the RESOLVE group,while only 2.9％ (7/35) images scored four points and most of them were less than four points in the conventional EPI-DWI group.The effectively ADC values can be measured in the conventional EPI-DWI,accounting for 54.3％ (19/35) cases.The ADC values could be measured in all cases of group (100.0％,35/35).The scores of imaging quality of RESOLVE were higher than those of conventional EPI-DWI,which were significantly different (x5=19.091,P＜0.001).The ADC values of the normal nasopharyngeal tissue were (1.65 ±0.13) × 10-3,(1.96±0.14) × 10-3 mm2/s and the ADC values of the tumor were (0.87±0.09) × 10-3,(0.83±0.10)× 10-3 mm2/s in the conventional EPI-DWI and the RESOLVE,respectively.The ADC values were significantly different between the tumors and the normal nasopharyngeal tissues (t=-23.284,-31.509,P＜0.05).The ADC values of the tumors were apparently lower than the normal nasopharyngeal tissues.There were no significant difference of the ADC values between the conventional EPI-DWI and the RESOLVE measuring the same tissue (t=-0.957,-0.921,P＞0.05).Conclusion Compared with conventional EPI-DWI,RESLOVE can provide a higher quality image and may be helpful to accurate diagnosis.