Objective To analyze the prevalence, annual trends, and co-morbidity trends of common chronic diseases among workers in a large automotive industry from 2019 to 2021, and to provide a scientific basis for the health management of workers in the automotive industry. Methods The health examination data of workers in a large automotive industry from 2019-2021 were analyzed. Trends in the prevalence of chronic diseases and co-morbidities were analyzed using Join Point software and trend χ² test. Results The prevalence of metabolic syndrome, hyperuricemia, and fatty liver in the 2019 – 2021 health checkups of workers in this enterprise increased at an average rate of 9.27%, 11.35%, and 3.99% per year, respectively. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome, hyperuricemia, and fatty liver in male workers showed an increasing trend at an average rate of 7.05%, 9.25%, and 2.91% per year, respectively. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome in female workers showed an increasing trend at an average rate of 20.76% per year. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome, hyperuricemia and fatty liver was on the rise in the age groups ≤ 29 years old and 40 – 49 years old. The proportion of metabolic syndrome and its co-morbidity with one or two common chronic diseases showed an increasing trend. Conclusion The prevalence and co-morbidity of common chronic diseases in this enterprise are generally on the rise. The enterprise should focus on health education and preventive care for chronic diseases among workers aged ≤ 29 and 40 – 49 years old and male workers and control the annual increasing trend of metabolic syndrome among female workers and workers in the age group ≤ 29 years.

Objective:To explore the effects of the scaffolding-based flipped classroom approach in the teaching of Infectious Disease Nursing. Methods:We assigned 152 students of nursing and midwifery majors of grade 2018 (experimental group) to be taught using the scaffolding-based flipped classroom approach and 182 students of grade 2017 (control group) to be taught using the traditional lecture method. Teaching effects were evaluated through students' exam performance and a questionnaire survey. Numerical data were analyzed using the χ2 test and t test with the use of SPSS 18.0, and text data were processed using NVivo 11 for thematic analysis. Results:The experimental group and control group showed significant differences in the interim exam score (83.19±7.96 vs. 79.62±3.14, P<0.001) and final exam score (78.47±6.92 vs. 73.16±8.24, P<0.001). The students of grade 2018 had a high level of participation in online learning. The questionnaire results showed that the scaffolding-based flipped classroom was well recognized in terms of students' overall perception, perceived course quality, perceived value of learning, and satisfaction and the open-ended question, with low scores for learner complaints and loyalty. Conclusions:The scaffolding-based flipped classroom is feasible in the teaching of Infectious Disease Nursing, which can improve students' academic performance and overall competence.

Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy and safety of Tongren Niuhuang Qingxin Pills combined with telmisartan tablets in the treatment of hypertensive vertigo syndrome of phlegm-heat disturbance.Methods:Randomized controlled trial was conducted. Totally 80 patients with hypertension vertigo and phlegm-heat disturbance syndrome were selected from March 2021 to August 2022 at Beijing Tongrentang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine as the observation objects. They were randomly divided into two groups using a random number table method, with 40 cases in each group. The control group received oral telmisartan tablets, while the experimental group received Tongren Niuhuang Qingxin Pills in addition to the control group. Both groups were treated for 28 days and followed up for 1 month. The patients' room blood pressure before and after treatment was measured, and TCM syndrome scores were evaluated. The dizziness assessment rating scale (DARS) was used to evaluate the severity of dizziness, adverse reactions during treatment were recorded, drug safety was observed, and clinical efficacy was evaluated.Results:The total effective rate of the experimental group was 85.0% (34/40), and that of the control group was 7.5% (3/40), with statistical significance between the two groups ( χ2=48.32, P<0.001). Compared with before treatment, the experimental group had SBP [(136.63 ± 6.01) mmHg vs. (159.30 ± 9.01) mmHg, t=-21.00] and DBP [(84.48 ± 4.36) mmHg vs. (95.30 ± 3.75) mmHg, t=-13.80] after treatment; after treatment, SBP [(137.34 ± 6.39) mmHg vs. (158.00 ± 10.06) mmHg, t=-5.28] and DBP [(86.08 ± 4.43) mmHg vs. (95.18 ± 6.61) mmHg, t=-8.09] decreased in the control group ( P<0.01), but there was no statistical significance between the two groups after treatment ( P>0.05). After treatment, the TCM syndrome scores in the experimental group (8.68 ± 3.39 vs. 15.12 ± 3.03, Z=-6.61) were lower than those in the control group ( P<0.001), and DARS score [(8.53 ± 3.93) vs. (12.20 ± 3.95), Z=-3.63] was lower than that in the control group ( P<0.001). After treatment, the therapeutic effect index of TCM syndromes in the experimental group improved compared to before treatment in the same group. The therapeutic effect index of each symptom, from high to low, was as follows: rotation of oneself or visual objects>numbness of limbs>dry stool>dizziness and dizziness>liking cold drinks>bitter and dry mouth>red urine>red tongue, yellow coating, and greasy tongue>vomiting sticky and turbid phlegm>tinnitus>smooth pulse. There were no significant adverse reactions during the treatment of the two groups. Conclusion:Tongren Niuhuang Qingxin Pills combined with telmisartan can reduce the blood pressure of patients with hypertensive vertigo syndrome of phlegm-heat disturbance, improve the vertigo symptoms and TCM syndromes of patients, and the efficacy evaluation is superior to that of telmisartan alone.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy of high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) oxygen therapy in optimizing painless transesophageal echocardiography in elderly patients.Methods:Sixty American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status classification Ⅱ patients, regardless of gender, aged 60-75 yr, with body mass index of 18.5-23.9 kg/m 2, were randomized into 2 groups ( n=30 each) by a random number table method: group HFNC and conventional ventilation group (group C). Pure oxygen 10 L/min was inhaled for 3 min preoxygenation using the HFNC device in group HFNC. Group C inhaled pure oxygen at 6 L/min for 3 min preoxygenation via a nasal cannula. Sufentanil 0.1 μg/kg and remazolam 0.25-0.30 mg/kg were intravenously injected in turn. Group HFNC was connected to a high-flow humidification oxygen therapy device and inhaled pure oxygen at 60 L/min (37℃, FiO 2 100%). The flow rate of pure oxygen was maintained at 6 L/min (FiO 2 100 %) in group C. The patients were placed in left lateral decubitus position, esophageal ultrasound was performed after the eyelash reflex disappeared, and remazolam 0.1 mg/kg was intravenously injected intermittently when bucking and body movement were induced by operation stimulation. The occurrence of hypoxia-related adverse events, mandibular intervention and ventilation-related adverse events was observed during examination. The operation time, time of emergence from anesthesia and consumption of remazolam were recorded. Results:Compared with group C, the incidence of severe hypoxia and rate of mandibular intervention were significantly decreased (7%/0 and 53%/17%, P<0.05), the lowest intraoperative SpO 2 was increased ( P<0.05), and no significant change was found in the operation time, time of emergence from anesthesia and consumption of remazolam in group HFNC ( P>0.05). No ventilation-related adverse events occurred in both groups. Conclusions:HFNC can markedly optimize the ventilation management of elderly patients undergoing painless transesophageal echocardiography.

Objective:To study the relationship between white matter injury (WMI) and brain maturity in preterm infants at full-term corrected gestational age (cGA).Methods:A retrospective study was performed in preterm infants [GA≤32 weeks or birth weight (BW) ≤1 500 g] admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University from January 2017 to August 2018 and the Northwest Women and Children's Hospital from January 2017 to June 2017. The infants received conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at cGA 37~42 weeks. The infants were assigned into the WMI group and the control group according to the WMI scoring system, including the total maturation scores (TMS) and four sub-item scores.Results:A total of 118 premature infants were enrolled in this study (17 cases in the WMI group and 101 cases in the control group). The GA was (30.3±1.7) weeks, and BW was (1 356±268) g. The proportion of delayed TMS in the WMI group was significantly higher than the control group [58.8%(10/17) vs. 31.7%(32/101), P<0.05]. The TMS of the WMI group were significantly lower than the control group [(10.7±1.8) vs. (11.8±1.5), P<0.05]. The sub-item scores of TMS showed that the myelination [(2.8±0.6) vs. (3.1±0.4), P<0.05] and glial cell migration bands of the WMI group [(1.6±0.4) vs. (2.1±0.6), P=0.004] were significantly lower than the control group and no significant differences existed in cortical folding and involution of germinal matrix tissue scores between the two groups. Conclusions:The brain maturity of preterm infants with WMI is substantially delayed than those without WMI, including delayed myelination and delayed disappearance of glial cell migration bands.

Objective:To investigate the relationship between the clinical efficacy and the ablated area of endometrium in patients with internal adenomyosis treated with focused ultrasound ablation surgery (FUAS).Methods:From January 2015 to December 2018, 122 patients in Chongqing Haifu Hospital who were diagnosed as internal adenomyosis through history, clinical symptoms and enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and treated with FUAS were enrolled in this study. According to the patient′s wishes, patients were given whether to ablate the adenomyotic lesion alone or ablate the adenomyotic lesion and the endometrium that involved in adenomyotic lesions together. The ablated area of adenomyotic lesions and endomitrium were evaluated by post-FUAS enhanced MRI. The adverse events and the changes of dysmenorrhea and menstrual volume at different follow-up points within 24 months were recorded.Results:Among the 122 patients, 32 patients chose to ablate adenomyotic lesion alone, and 90 patients chose to ablate the adenomyotic lesion and the endometrium during FUAS. No major complications such as bowel injury and nerve injury occurred after FUAS. The median non-perfused volume ratio of adenomyotic lesions was 31.7% in the group without endometrial ablation and it was 60.0% in the group with endometrium ablation ( P<0.01). The improvement of dysmenorrhea in the group with endometrium ablation was significantly better than the group without endometrial ablation ( P<0.01). The average menstrual volume score (3.4±0.9) before FUAS in the group with endometrial ablation was higher than that in the group without endometrial ablation (2.5±0.6; P<0.01), but it decreased significantly after FUAS treatment, reaching the similar menstrual volume score of the group without endometrial ablation ( P>0.05). The proportions of abnormal vaginal discharge (34.4%, 31/90) and bleeding (16.7%, 15/90) were significantly higher in the group with endometrium ablation than those in the group without endometrial ablation (all P<0.01). Conclusions:FUAS could be safely and effectively used in the treatment of patients with internal adenomyosis. It seems that ablation of adenomyotic lesion and endometrium together could obtain better therapeutic effects.

Pancreatitis is one of the most common inflammatory diseases of the pancreas caused by autodigestion induced by excessive premature protease activation. However, recognition of novel pathophysiological mechanisms remains a still challenge. Both genetic and environmental factors contribute to the pathogenesis of pancreatitis, and the gut microbiota is a potential source of an environmental effect. In recent years, several new frontiers in gut microbiota and genetic risk assessment research have emerged and improved the understanding of the disease. These investigations showed that the disease progression of pancreatitis could be regulated by the gut microbiome, either through a translocation influence or in a host immune response manner. Meanwhile, the onset of the disease is also associated with the heritage of a pathogenic mutation, and the disease progression could be modified by genetic risk factors. In this review, we focused on the recent advances in the role of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of pancreatitis, and the genetic susceptibility in pancreatitis.

ObjectiveTo investigate the prevalence rate and influencing factors of depression and anxiety in disabled people in Guang'an during the post-pandemic period， so as to provide references for promoting mental health of disabled people. MethodsFrom April to May 2021， the disabled people dwelling in low-risk areas for coronavirus infections in Guang'an for half a year and met the criteria outlined in Classification and Grading Criteria of Disability （GB/T26341-2010） were selected as the survey subjects， and their depression and anxiety symptoms were evaluated via the Patients' Health Questionnaire Depression Scale-9 item （PHQ-9） and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale （GAD-7） through Wenjuanxing platform. Then binary Logistic regression analysis was performed to screen the risk and protective factors for depression and anxiety in disabled people. ResultsThe detection rates of moderate-to-severe and severe depressive symptoms were 9.05% and 8.35%， and the detection rates of moderate and severe anxiety symptoms were 9.40% and 11.25%. Regression analysis denoted that being laid-off and job-waiting were risk factors for depression and anxiety in disabled people （OR=2.354， 2.353， P<0.01）. Being unmarried （OR=0.418）， married （OR=0.414）， visual disability （OR=0.254）， limb disability （OR=0.460）， good family function （OR=0.241）， moderate family dysfunction （OR=0.288）， complete self-care （OR=0.062） and partial self-care （OR=0.416） were protective factors for depression in disabled people （P<0.05 or 0.01）. Visual disability（OR=0.382）， hearing disability（OR=0.143）， limb disability（OR=0.432）， good family function （OR=0.246）， moderate family dysfunction （OR=0.402）， complete self-care （OR=0.093） and partial self-care （OR=0.378） were protective factors for anxiety in disabled people （P<0.05 or 0.01）. ConclusionThe disabled people in Guang'an during the post-pandemic period suffer a high detection rate of depression and anxiety， and the detection rate is even higher among those being laid-off or job-waiting， while good family function and complete or partial self-care ability are conducive to protecting the mental health of the disabled.

Objective:To investigate the clinical characteristics of pediatric methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection and the antibiotic sensitivity of the isolates. Methods:The clinical data of children with MRSA infection and antibiotic sensitivity of the isolates from 11 children′s hospitals in Infectious Diseases Surveillance of Paediatrics (ISPED) group of China between January 1, 2018 and December 31, 2018 were collected retrospectively. The children′s general condition, high-risk factors, antimicrobial therapy and prognosis, differences in clinical disease and laboratory test results between different age groups, and differences of antibiotic sensitivity between community-acquired (CA)-MRSA and hospital-acquired (HA)-MRSA were analyzed. The t test and Wilcoxon rank sum test were used for statistical analysis of the quantitative data and Chi-square test were used for comparison of rates. Results:Among the 452 patients, 264 were males and 188 were females, aged from 2 days to 17 years. There were 233 cases (51.5%) in the ≤1 year old group, 79 cases (17.5%) in the>1-3 years old group, 29 cases (6.4%) in the >3-5 years old group, 65 cases (14.4%) in the >5-10 years old group, and 46 cases (10.2%) in the>10 years old group. The main distributions of onset seasons were 55 cases (12.2%) in December, 47 cases (10.4%) in February, 46 cases (10.2%) in November, 45 cases (10.0%) in January, 40 cases (8.8%) in March. There were 335 cases (74.1%) CA-MRSA and 117 (25.9%) cases HA-MRSA. Among all cases, 174 cases (38.5%) had basic diseases or long-term use of hormone and immunosuppressive drugs. During the period of hospitalization, 209 cases (46.2%) received medical interventions. There were 182 patients (40.3%) had used antibiotics (β-lactams, glycopeptides, macrolides, carbapenems, oxazolones, sulfonamides etc) 3 months before admission. The most common clinical disease was pneumonia (203 cases), followed by skin soft-tissue infection (133 cases), sepsis (92 cases), deep tissue abscess (42 cases), osteomyelitis (40 cases), and septic arthritis (26 cases), suppurative meningitis (10 cases). The proportion of pneumonia in the ≤1 year old group was higher than the >1-3 years old group,>3-5 years old group,>5-10 years old group,>10 years old group (57.5% (134/233) vs. 30.4% (24/79), 31.0% (9/29), 38.5% (25/65), 23.9% (11/46), χ 2=17.374, 7.293, 7.410, 17.373, all P<0.01) The proportion of skin and soft tissue infections caused by CA-MRSA infection was higher than HA-MRSA (33.4% (112/335) vs. 17.9% (21/117), χ 2=10.010, P=0.002), and the proportion of pneumonia caused by HA-MRSA infection was higher than CA-MRSA (53.0% (62/117) vs. 42.1% (141/335), χ 2=4.166, P=0.041). The first white blood cell count of the ≤1 year old group was higher than that children > 1 year old ((15±8)×10 9/L vs. (13±7)×10 9/L, t=2.697, P=0.007), while the C-reactive protein of the ≤1 year old group was lower than the 1-3 years old group,>5-10 years old group,>10 years old group (8.00 (0.04-194.00) vs.17.00 (0.50-316.00), 15.20 (0.23-312.00), 21.79(0.13-219.00) mg/L, Z=3.207, 2.044, 2.513, all P<0.05), there were no significant differences in procalcitonin (PCT) between different age groups (all P>0.05). After the treatment, 131 cases were cured, 278 cases were improved, 21 cases were not cured, 12 cases died, and 10 cases were abandoned. The 452 MRSA isolates were all sensitive to vancomycin (100.0%), linezolid (100.0%), 100.0% resistant to penicillin, highly resistant to erythromycin (85.0%, 375/441), clindamycin (67.7%, 294/434), less resistant to sulfonamides (5.9%, 23/391), levofloxacin (4.5%, 19/423), gentamicin (3.2%, 14/438), rifampicin (1.8%, 8/440), minocycline (1.1%, 1/91). The antimicrobial resistance rates were not significantly different between the CA-MRSA and HA-MRSA groups (all P>0.05). Conclusions:The infection of MRSA is mainly found in infants under 3 years old. The prevalent seasons are winter and spring, and MRSA is mainly acquired in the community. The main clinical diseases are pneumonia, skin soft-tissue infection and sepsis. No MRSA isolate is resistant to vancomycin, linezolid. MRSA isolates are generally sensitive to sulfonamides, levofloxacin, gentamicin, rifampicin, minocycline, and were highly resistant to erythromycin and clindamycin. To achieve better prognosis. clinicians should initiate anti-infective treatment for children with MRSA infection according to the clinical characteristics of patients and drug sensitivity of the isolates timely and effectively.

Objective: To investigate college students’ energy drink(ED) consumption and associated factors, and to provide a reference for maintaining college students’ mental and physical health. Methods: Stratified cluster sampling was used to select 2 264 college students to complete questionnaires for the condition of energy drinking and associated influencing factors. Results: Within a month, 51.0% college students had drunk ED, 46.8% students’ drinking frequency was ≤9 times, 4.2% students’ drinking frequency was ≥10 times; there were significant differences in different gender, major, grade, BMI, smoking, drinking, gambling and weight controlling behaviors students’ ED consumption frequency(χ2 were 168.91, 149.08, 92.92, 25.20, 83.42, 85.77, 11.50, 20.50 respectively, both P<0.01), the males’(65.6%) was higher than the females’ (38.2%), the sports majors’(74.1%) was higher than the arts’, sciences’ and painting majors’(45.6%, 44.6%, 42.2%), the freshmen and sophomores’(58.9%, 58.2%) were higher than the juniors’(37.4%), the normal and overweight-obesity BMIs’(53.5%, 54.4%) were higher than the too low BMIs’(40.5%), the smokers’(68.4%) was higher than the non-smokers’(45.7%), the drinkers’(63.5%) was higher than the non-drinkers’(43.4%), the gamblers’(62.1%) was higher than the non-gamblers’(49.8%), the dieters’(53.9%) was higher than the non-dieters’(43.2%); the gender, major, grade, smoking, drinking and weight controlling behaviors were associated factors on college students’ energy drink consumption, males‘consumption was more than female’s(OR=3.13), freshmen and sophomores’ consumption were more than juniors’ (OR=2.40, 2.23), the students’ consumption of sports majors was more than that of science and painting major(OR=0.28, 0.48), students with smoking, drinking and losing weight consumed more ED than students without these behaviors(OR=0.77, 0.80, 0.79). Conclusion More than half college students had drunk ED; society,school and home should pay attention to this phenomenon, and take measures to reduce ED consumption frequency, to maintain students’ physical and mental health.