Objective To investigate the effect of spontaneous hypertension on the remodeling of cardiac and aortic tissues in rats, with special attention to the changes in the content of collagen fibers, elastic fibers and secreted Frizzled-related protein 2 （sFRP2） in cardiac and aortic tissues. Methods 28-week-old SHR rats （Spontaneously Hypertensive rats） and WKY （Wistar-Kyoto rats） of the same age were selected as experimental animals. Cardiac load was assessed by calculating the cardiac weight index. Collagen fibers and elastic fibers were isolated from the rat thoracic aorta by hot alkali method, and their content was determined by biochemical analysis. In addition, pathological evaluation of tissue sections of the left ventricle and thoracic aorta were performed by H&E staining, Sirius red staining, and lichen red staining. Western blotting was used to determine the expression level of sFRP2 protein in cardiac tissues. Results Compared with WKY rats, the heart weight index of SHR rats increased significantly （P<0.001）, and the results of biochemical analysis and staining of pathological sections showed that the content of collagen fibers in the aorta in the SHR group was higher than that in the WKY group, while the content of elastic fibers was lower, but the difference did not have statistical significance. The content of collagen fibers in the heart of the SHR group was significantly higher than that in the WKY group （P<0.01）. Western blotting showed that there was no significant difference in the expression level of sFRP2 protein in heart tissues between the two groups. Conclusion The remodeling of cardiac and aortic tissues in a rat model of spontaneous hypertension may involve complex molecular mechanisms, not just changes in the content of collagen fibers and elastic fibers. The detailed mechanism of the progression of spontaneous hypertension and target organs damage still need further investigation.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of ultraviolet-C (UVC) irradiation in inactivating porcine parvovirus (PPV), encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV), pseudorabies virus (PRV) and vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) within von Willebrand factor (vWF) preparations. Methods: An ultraviolet inactivator (254 nm primary wavelength) was employed to optimize UV exposure dosages for the samples, and the initial test groups were set at five irradiation gradients: 100, 200, 400, 1 000, and 1 500 J/m gradients. Based on the results of the preliminary experiments, subsequent formal experiments implemented refined dosage parameters at 100, 125, 150, 175, and 200 J/m . Virucidal efficacy against various pathogenic strains was evaluated via cytopathic effect (CPE) observation methodology, while simultaneously quantifying von Willebrand factor antigen levels (vWF∶Ag) and collagen-binding activity (vWF∶CBA) using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) and automated coagulation analysis systems before and after UVC treatment. Results: The results showed that > 100 J/m UVC irradiation achieved a≥4.0 log reduction factor in vWF. For vWF antigen, retention rates were observed to be 93.67%, 91.72%, 93.54%, 79.05%, and 85.50% at UVC doses of 100, 125, 150, 175, and 200 J/m , respectively. Similarly, the retention rates of vWF collagen-binding activity were 81.11%, 87.81%, 86.15%, 73.73%, and 73.72% under the same dose conditions. Conclusion: Considering both inactivation efficacy and functional preservation while ensuring safety and effectiveness, 100-150 J/m represents the optimal inactivation dose.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of multiple doses of Shugan jieyu capsules on the pharmacokinetics of voriconazole， rivaroxaban and apixaban in rats. METHODS Male SD rats were randomly divided into voriconazole group （30 mg/kg）， rivaroxaban group （2 mg/kg）， apixaban group （0.5 mg/kg）， Shugan jieyu capsules+voriconazole group （145 mg/kg+30 mg/kg）， Shugan jieyu capsules+rivaroxaban group （145 mg/kg+2 mg/kg）， Shugan jieyu capsules+apixaban group （145 mg/kg+0.5 mg/kg）， with 6 rats in each group. After the rats in each group were consecutively administered solvent （0.5% sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution） or Shugan jieyu capsules by intragastric gavage for 8 days， they were respectively given voriconazole， rivaroxaban and apixaban solution by intragastric gavage on the 8th day. Blood samples were then collected at different time points （in voriconazole group， rivaroxaban group and corresponding drug combination groups， blood was collected before administration and at 0.17， 0.34， 0.5， 0.75， 1， 1.5， 2， 3， 4， 5， 6， 8， 10 and 12 hours post-administration； in apixaban group and corresponding drug combination group， blood was collected before administration and at 0.08， 0.17， 0.25， 0.34， 0.5， 0.75， 1， 3， 5， 7， 10 and 12 hours post-administration）. Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method was employed to determine the mass concentrations of voriconazole， rivaroxaban and apixaban in rat plasma. The main pharmacokinetic parameters of these drugs were calculated using a non-compartmental model， and the comparisons were made between groups. RESULTS Compared with single drug group， after multiple administrations of Shugan jieyu capsules， AUC0－t， AUC0－∞ and cmax of voriconazole were significantly decreased， while CLz/F was significantly increased， and tmax was also significantly prolonged （P＜0.05）. For rivaroxaban and apixaban， their tmax values were both significantly prolonged （P＜0.05）. However， there were no statistically significant differences in the other pharmacokinetic parameters between the two groups （P＞0.05）. CONCLUSIONS The combination of Shugan jieyu capsules can decrease the exposure， increase the clearance， and delay the peak concentration of oral voriconazole. However， it does not affect the exposure levels of rivaroxaban and apixaban， but it does delay the time to reach peak concentration for both drugs.

Objective:To analyze the influencing factors related to the prognosis of delayed replantation of avulsed permanent teeth.Methods:A retrospective study was conducted on the clinical data of 35 patients with 38 affected teeth underwent delayed replantation of permanent teeth.According to the prognosis after 12 to 108 months of follow-up,the replantation results of the cases were divided into-success,survival and failure groups.Survival curves were plotted using Kaplan-Meier method,Log-Rank test was used for univariate analysis,and Cox proportional risk regression models were used for multivariate analysis to assess the effects of gender,age,degree of tooth development,mode of tooth preservation and mode of endodontic treatment on the survival rate of replanted teeth.Results:Of the 38 replanted teeth,3 were successful,28 remained and 10 failed.The 9-year cumulative survival rate of the replanted teeth was 34.7％.The results showed that there were no statistically significant differences in the survival rate of the replanted teeth in the groups with different sex,age,degree of tooth development and the mode of preservation of avulsed teeth(P＞0.05).There were statistically significant differences in the cumulative survival rate of the replanted teeth among the groups with different endodontic treatment(P＜0.01),which showed that the cumulative survival rate in the root canal filling group＞continuous root canal sealing group＞pulp preserva-tion treatment group.Conclusion:For the delayed replantation of avulsed premanent teeth,survival prognosis of the teeth treated with pulp preservation is poor,early pulp extraction and root canal filling are recommended.

Objective:To investigate the role of RNA m6A methylation in mediating cerebellar dysplasia through analyzing the phenotypes of the mouse cerebella and the expression of several key m6A regulators upon hypobaric hypoxia treatment.Methods:Five-day old C57/BL6 mice were exposed to hypobaric hypoxia for 9 days. The status of mouse cerebellar development was analyzed by comparing the body weights, brain weights and histological features. Immunostaining of cell-type-specific markers was performed to analyze the cerebellar morphology. Real-time PCR, Western blot and immunohistochemical staining were performed to detect the expression of key m6A regulators in the mouse cerebella.Results:Compared with the control, the body weights, brain weights and cerebellar volumes of hypobaric hypoxic mice were significantly reduced ( P<0.01). The expression of specific markers in different cells, including NeuN (mature neuron), Calbindin-D28K (Purkinje cell) and GFAP (astrocyte), was decreased in hypobaric hypoxic mouse cerebella ( P<0.01), accompanied with disorganized cellular structure. The expression of methyltransferase METTL3 was significantly down-regulated in the cerebella of hypobaric hypoxic mice ( P<0.05). Conclusions:Hypobaric hypoxia stimulation causes mouse cerebellar dysplasia, with structural abnormalities in mature granular neurons, Purkinje cells and astrocytes. Expression of METTL3 is decreased in hypobaric hypoxic mice cerebellum compared with that of normobaric normoxic mice, suggesting that its mediated RNA m6A methylation may play an important role in hypobaric hypoxia-induced mouse cerebellar dysplasia.

Objective:To investigate the role of RNA m6A reader YTHDF2 in neurodegeneration of the aged mice.Methods:Eighteen 18-month-old control C57BL/6 mice and 22 Ythdf2 conditional knockout (cKO) mice of the same age (that exhibited significant aging characteristics) were used. Five pairs of mice were used for morphological analysis. Thirteen control mice and 17 cKO mice were used for behavioral experiments. Immunofluorescence analysis was performed to detect the expression of YTHDF2 in the brains of 18-month-old C57BL/6 mice. After establishing the neural progenitor cell-specific knockout mice of Ythdf2, their phenotypes were analyzed through comparison of body weight, brain weight and H&E staining. Subsequently, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence analyses were used to detect the expression of various neural cell-specific markers in the aged control mice and Ythdf2 cKO mice. Finally, behavioral tests, including the open field test, new object recognition, and water maze, were used to assess the levels of anxiety, depression, learning and memory abilities.Results:Immunofluorescence staining showed that YTHDF2 was mainly expressed in the neurons. Compared with the age-matched control mice, there was no significant change in the body weight of the Ythdf2 cKO mice, but the brain weight decreased significantly ( P<0.05). The immunostaining showed that Ythdf2 cKO mice had fewer neurons, fewer astrocytes with defective morphology, more microglia and activation of microglia ( P<0.05). Behavioral tests showed that the aged Ythdf2 cKO mice exhibited impaired movement, learning and memory abilities ( P<0.05). Conclusions:YTHDF2 is mainly expressed in the neurons of the aged brain. Conditional knockout of Ythdf2 causes quantitative and structural abnormalities in hippocampal neuronal cells, and impairs motor ability and learning and memory of the aged mice, suggesting that YTHDF2 plays an important role in neurodegeneration of the aged mice.

Traumatic supraorbital fissure syndrome (TSOFS) is a symptom complex caused by nerve entrapment in the supraorbital fissure after skull base trauma. If the compressed cranial nerve in the supraorbital fissure is not decompressed surgically, ptosis, diplopia and eye movement disorder may exist for a long time and seriously affect the patients′ quality of life. Since its overall incidence is not high, it is not familiarized with the majority of neurosurgeons and some TSOFS may be complicated with skull base vascular injury. If the supraorbital fissure surgery is performed without treatment of vascular injury, it may cause massive hemorrhage, and disability and even life-threatening in severe cases. At present, there is no consensus or guideline on the diagnosis and treatment of TSOFS that can be referred to both domestically and internationally. To improve the understanding of TSOFS among clinical physicians and establish standardized diagnosis and treatment plans, the Skull Base Trauma Group of the Neurorepair Professional Committee of the Chinese Medical Doctor Association, Neurotrauma Group of the Neurosurgery Branch of the Chinese Medical Association, Neurotrauma Group of the Traumatology Branch of the Chinese Medical Association, and Editorial Committee of Chinese Journal of Trauma organized relevant experts to formulate Chinese expert consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of traumatic supraorbital fissure syndrome ( version 2024) based on evidence of evidence-based medicine and clinical experience of diagnosis and treatment. This consensus puts forward 12 recommendations on the diagnosis, classification, treatment, efficacy evaluation and follow-up of TSOFS, aiming to provide references for neurosurgeons from hospitals of all levels to standardize the diagnosis and treatment of TSOFS.

Objective:To explore the mechanism of herb-partitioned moxibustion in relieving rat intestinal inflammation by focusing on the neutrophil extracellular traps(NETs)in Crohn disease(CD)development. Methods:Rats were randomly divided into a normal group,a model group,a herb-partitioned moxibustion group,and a mesalazine group.The CD rat model was prepared with 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid except for rats in the normal group.Rats in the normal group and model group did not receive any treatment but had the same fixation as the other groups.Rats in the herb-partitioned moxibustion group received herb-partitioned moxibustion at Qihai(CV6)and bilateral Tianshu(ST25).Rats in the mesalazine group received intragastric administration of mesalazine enteric-coated tablets.The general situation of rats in each group was recorded,and the histopathological changes in the colon were observed and scored by hematoxylin-eosin staining.The serum concentrations of NETs DNA(NETs-DNA),neutrophil elastase(NE)-DNA,and myeloperoxidase(MPO)-DNA were detected by ABC enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,and the citrullinated histone 3(citH3),MPO,and NE protein and mRNA expression levels in rat colon tissue were observed by immunofluorescence and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Results:Compared with the normal group,the mucosal ulcer reached the muscularis,the epithelium was incomplete,the goblet cells decreased obviously with significant inflammatory cell infiltration in the colon;the colonic mucosa damage index(CMDI)score increased significantly(P<0.01);the serum NETs-DNA,NE-DNA,and MPO-DNA concentrations increased(P<0.05);the NE,citH3,and MPO protein and mRNA expression in the colonic tissue increased significantly in the model group(P<0.01 or P<0.05).Compared with the model group,the mucosal epithelium in the herb-partitioned moxibustion group and the mesalazine group was repaired and the goblet cells increased with a few infiltrating inflammatory cells in the colon;the CMDI score decreased(P<0.01);the serum NETs-DNA,NE-DNA,and MPO-DNA concentrations decreased(P<0.05);the NE,citH3,and MPO protein and mRNA expression in the colonic tissue was down-regulated(P<0.01 or P<0.05). Conclusion:Herb-partitioned moxibustion reduced the serum NETs complex and inhibited the protein and mRNA expression of NETs complex in the colon tissue,which may be one mechanism of herb-partitioned moxibustion in relieving colon mucosal inflammation in CD.

The standardized training of resident doctors has entered a new stage of quality construction.The multi-station assessment in clinical context takes clinical problems as the core and residents as the main body,and uses the way of integrating practice and clinical thinking training to help residents build the comprehensive ability to solve clinical practical problems.This paper reviews and summarizes the practice of multi-station assessment mode in a tertiary hospital in Tianjin in recent three years from the aspects of assessment scheme,examination station setting,examination content,requirements and characteristics of ex-amination questions.Problem-oriented,find out the problems existing in the operation process and put forward solutions,so as to provide a reference for further improving the assessment and training system,promoting the training management of residential training bases and improving the training quality.

Objective:To estimate the mental health status and personality traits of the nuclear radiation emergency rescuers, allowing to provide reference basis for improving their mental health.Methods:Totally 52 nuclear radiation emergency rescuers were selected as the subjects. The symptom checklist 90 (SCL-90) and Cattell′s 16 personality factor scale (16PF) were used to assess their mental health status and personality traits. The results obtained from the survey of these rescuers were compared with those obtained using Students′ t-test, One-Way ANOVA and Pearson correlation analysis. Results:The average scores of multiple factors and positive items of the SCL-90 were significantly lower in the rescuers than in the norm ( t=-4.77 to -2.04, P<0.05), and the positive rate was 21.15%. The symptom checklist 90 subscales such as somatization, obsessive-compulsive and depression were found in the rescuers. Rescuers received high scores in the following components among the 16 factors of Cattell: less intelligent-more intelligent, emotionally stable. Rescuers also received low scores in the following components among the 16 factors of Cattell: tough-minded-tender-minded, trusting-suspicious. Life satisfaction, educational degree and Cattell′s 16 PF were significantly associated with the factors of SCL-90( r=-0.569 to 0.627, P<0.05). Conclusions:The rescuers are better than ordinary Chinese people in psychological health. Mental health-related factors such as literacy, life satisfaction, and personality traits should be taken into account when selecting team members and conducting psychological interventions.