Objective:To analyze the normal expression levels of different lung cancer tumor markers(TM)in the cerebrospinal fluid and to explore the influence of serum TM levels and brain parenchymal metastasis,to more accurately determine whether the cerebrospinal fluid TM levels of patients with suspected meningeal metastasis is elevated.Methods:The clinical data of 80 patients diagnosed with non-lepto-meningeal metastasis at Tianjin Medical University Cancer Hospital between January 2015 and February 2024 were collected,including 16 patients without lung cancer and 64 patients with lung cancer.Normal TM levels in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients without lung cancer and the difference in TM levels between the cerebrospinal fluid and serum samples were analyzed.The correlation between serum and cerebrospinal fluid TM levels was also analyzed.We then compared the differences in TM levels in the cerebrospinal fluid between groups with brain parenchymal metastasis and without brain parenchymal metastasis.Results:Normal levels of TPSA,CA19-9,CEA,Cyfra21-1,and SCC in the cerebrospinal fluid were lower than those in the serum(P<0.05);however,the levels of ProGRP and NSE in the cerebrospinal fluid were higher than those in the serum(P<0.05).The levels of TPSA,SCC,ProGRP,NSE,CEA,CA19-9,and Cyfra21-1 in the cerebrospinal fluid did not correlate with those in the serum(all P>0.05).The cerebrospinal fluid levels of TPSA,SCC,ProGRP,and CA19-9 were not significantly increased in patients with brain parenchymal metastasis compared to those in patients without brain parenchymal metastasis(P>0.05).Al-though CEA and Cyfra21-1 levels increased(P<0.05),their median values increased by less than 2 times and were all within the reference range;whereas,the level of NSE in the group with brain parenchymal metastasis was lower than that in the control group.Conclusions:The basal levels of ProGRP and NSE in normal cerebrospinal fluid were significantly higher than those in the serum;whereas,the expression levels of other TM in the cerebrospinal fluid were significantly lower than those in the serum.Whether the levels of TM in the serum were elevated and whether brain parenchymal metastasis was present,did not have a clinically significant impact on the TM levels in the cerebrospinal fluid.

AIM: To evaluate the clinical effect of Iron Dextran Dispersible Tablets on patients with chronic heart failure who reduced ejection fraction after 24 weeks. METHODS: From January 2020 to June 2022, forty-five patients with heart failure complicated with iron deficiency and reduced ejection fraction were selected as the research objects. According to the random number table, they were randomly divided into control group and observation group.The control group was given routine anti-heart failure treatment such as Sacubitril Calsartan sodium tablets, while the observation group was given iron dextran dispersible tablets 50 mg three times a day on the basis of the anti-heart failure treatment of the control group for 8 weeks. The 6-minute walking distance, Hemoglobin, Serum Ferritin, N-terminal B-type natriuretic peptide precursor, Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction, Left Ventricular end Diastolic Diameter and 12-item Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire (KCCQ-12) overall summary score and clinical summary score were compared between the two groups. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in baseline data between the two groups (P > 0.05). After treatment, the 6-minute walking distance in the observation group was longer than that in the control group, while the serum ferritin level in the observation group was higher than that in the control group. The N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide level in the two groups was lower than that before treatment, and the left ventricular end diastolic diameter was shorter than that before treatment, and the left ventricular ejection fraction, clinical comprehensive score and symptom score were higher than that before treatment. The difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the total incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Iron Dextran Dispersible Tablets can improve the exercise endurance and quality of life of patients with chronic heart failure who reduced ejection fraction after 24 weeks.

Objective:To investigate the short-term clinical efficacy of SuperCAP artificial femoral head replacement and proximal femoral anti rotation intramedullary nail (PFNA) internal fixation in the treatment of intertrochanteric fractures in patients with osteoporosis.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of patients with osteoporosis and intertrochanteric fractures admitted to the Orthopedic Department of Changsha First Hospital from January 2017 to January 2020. The patients underwent SuperCAP artificial femoral head replacement or PFNA internal fixation surgery. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 32 cases were included in the SuperCAP group and 46 cases in the PFNA group. We compared the age, gender, fracture classification, bone density, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score, surgical time, postoperative weight bearing time, intraoperative bleeding volume, incidence of perioperative complications, and Oxford Hip Score (OHS) between two groups of patients.Results:There was no statistically significant difference in age, gender, fracture classification, bone density, ASA score, surgical time, intraoperative bleeding, and the OHS at 6 months and 1 year after surgery between the two groups of patients (all P>0.05). The SuperCAP group had better postoperative weight bearing time, incidence of perioperative complications, and OHS at 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months compared to the PFNA group (all P<0.05). Conclusions:SuperCAP minimally invasive approach for the treatment of osteoporotic femoral intertrochanteric fractures can achieve the same effect as PFNA internal fixation, and the short-term effect of SuperCAP artificial femoral head replacement is better than PFNA internal fixation.

Objective:To evaluate the long-term efficacy of double-tunnel peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) and traditional POEM in the treatment of achalasia cardia.Methods:A randomized controlled trial was performed on the data of 30 patients with achalasia cardia, who underwent POEM in the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from June 2018 to June 2019. The 30 consecutive patients were randomly assigned to double-tunnel POEM group (15 cases, a second tunnel was established opposite to the traditional one) and traditional POEM group (15 cases). Intraoperative information was recorded, and patients were followed up regularly to compare the efficacy and complications between the two groups.Results:Double-tunnel POEM and traditional POEM were all completed with technical success. There were no significant differences in the intraoperative complications (5/15 VS 4/15, P=1.000), hospitalization time or cost between the two groups. The follow-up time was 17.20±4.83 months and 15.33±4.67 months in the traditional POEM group and the double-tunnel POEM group, respectively. The Eckardt scores after surgery between the two groups had no significant difference [1.53 (2.00) VS 1.60 (3.00), Z=-0.363, P=0.744]. The symptom relief cases were both 14 in the two groups. The postoperative 4-second integrated relaxation pressure (4 s IRP) of the double-tunnel group (11.27±3.14 mmHg) was significantly lower than that of the traditional group (15.05±4.21 mmHg, t=2.794, P=0.009). There was no significant difference in postoperative gastroesophageal reflux disease questionnaire scores between the two groups (4.40±1.64 VS 4.20±1.42, t=0.357, P=0.724). Conclusion:Double-tunnel POEM has almost the same efficacy as the traditional POEM except for a lower post-POEM 4 sIRP.

We investigated the effects of naringenin and morin on IL-5 and ROS production in PMA+ionomycin-treated EL-4 cells with the corroboration of their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties using an asthma-induced mouse model. The EL-4 cell line was used to study the outcomes of naringenin or morin, followed by cell viability studies. Western blot analysis and ELISA test were used to determine Th2 mediated cytokines. In vivo studies were carried out on BALB/c mice to induce allergic asthma using ovalbumin administered intraperitoneally. Intracellular ROS was determined using 2’,7’-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate, followed by serum enzymatic (AST and ALT) estimations and inflammatory cell count in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and lung tissues. Histopathological studies were conducted to examine lung tissue-stained architecture. Our findings suggested that naringenin and morin significantly suppressed IL-5 and ROS production via various pathways. Interestingly, by reducing NFAT activity, naringenin and morin stimulated HO-1 expression, thereby suppressing IL-5 secretion due to regulating the transcription factor Nrf2 via P13/Akt or ERK/JNK signalling pathways in EL-4 cells, demonstrating the involvement of HO-1 expression in inhibiting asthmatic inflammation. The increased inflammatory cells in the BALF were substantially decreased by both naringenin and morin, followed by inhibition in the elevated Th-2 cytokines levels. The TNF-α protein levels in an allergic asthma mouse model were significantly reduced by suppressing Akt phosphorylation and eosinophil formation. Recent findings confirmed that naringenin and morin possess the potential to control asthma-related immune responses through antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, indicating potential therapeutic agents or functional foods.

High mobility group protein B1 (HMGB1) is a kind of nuclear protein widely existing in cells, which is released or secreted from cells by stress in the body and plays a key role in the survival or death pathways of cells. HMGB1 has a huge biological function and is the main regulator of major diseases such as inflammatory diseases and tumors. HMGB1 is closely related to the proliferation, differentiation, migration, apoptosis and drug resistance of tumor cells. With the continuous deepening of research on HMGB1, it is found that HMGB1 plays an important role in the occurrence, development, metastasis and drug resistance of breast cancer. Combined with the research status of HMGB1, the expression of HMGB1 in breast cancer is discussed to provide a new therapeutic scheme for clinical treatment.

OBJECTIVE：To provide reference for improving the quality standard of Rhizoma Bego niae from Guizhou . METHODS：Five batches of Rhizoma Begoniae from Guizhou were collected ，and the microscopic characteri stics of the Rhizoma Begoniae powder were observed. According to the corresponding methods in 2015 edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia （part Ⅳ）， potent adenosine 50-triphosphate competitive phosphati - dylinositol-3-kinase/mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitors：discovery of compound 26（PKI-587），a highly effi cacious dual inhibitor Morpholine as a privileged structure ：a review on the me - dicinal chemistry and pharmacological activity of morpho - line containing bioactive molecules[J]. Med Res Rev ， qq.com 2019. DOI ：10.1002/med.21634. qualitative identification of Rhizoma Begoniae was conducted by TLC ，and the contents of moisture ，total ash and water-soluble extract in Rhizoma Begoniae were determined. The contents of rutin were determined by HPLC. RESULTS ：The powder of Rhizoma Begoniae medicinal materials was brown ，stone cells were square ，polygonal-like or irregular. There were many starch grains and few complex grains. The conduit ，calcium oxalate square crystal/cluster crystal were visible. The same fluorescence spots were found in the same location of TLC atlas of Rhizoma Begoniae control herb. The moisture ，total ash ，water-soluble extract contents were 10.15％-11.41％，8.70％-12.59％ and 16.91％-19.58％，respectively. The linear range of rutin were 18.47-147.8 μg/mL （r＝0.999 8）；RSDs of reproducibility ，intermediate precision and stability tests （8 h）were all lower than 3.0％；the average recoveries were 99.39％-100.29％（RSDs were 0.23％-2.59％，n＝3）；the contents of rutin in 5 batches of Rhizoma Begoniae were 0.102％-0.198％. CONCLUSIONS ：The contents of moisture and total ash shall not exceed 13.0％ and 14.0％ respectively， and the contents of water-soluble extract and rutin shall not be less than 15.0％ and 0.080％. The quality standard established in this study can be used for the quality control of Rhizoma Begoniae from Guizhou.

OBJECTIVE: To construct a HIV-1 gp120 transgenic mice (gp120 Tg) with vimentin (VIM) gene knockout. METHODS: Female HIV-1 gp120 Tg mice were mated to VIM heterozygote mice (F0). All the offspring mice were derived from these original founders so that both genotypes had the same mixed genetic background. The F1 mice were bred to generate of VIM, VIM, VIM/gp120 Tg and VIM/gp120 Tg mice. PCR was performed for genotyping of the mice, and the expressions of VIM and gp120 in the brain tissues were examined using immunoblotting. RESULTS: The results of PCR showed the presence of the target bands in VIM, VIM, VIM/gp120 Tg and VIM/gp120 Tg mice. In VIM/gp120 Tg mice, gp120 expression was detected throughout the brain regions while no VIM expression was detected. CONCLUSIONS We generated gp120 transgenic mouse models with VIM gene knockout, which facilitate the exploration of the role of VIM in gp120-induced neurotoxicity.
Animals ; Brain ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; HIV Envelope Protein gp120 ; HIV-1 ; Mice ; Mice, Knockout ; Mice, Transgenic ; Vimentin

Objective:To investigate the mechanism of lncRNA Sox2OT in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) induced by A type of β peptide (Aβ1-42).Methods:Rat pheochromocytoma cells (PC12 cells) were selected and treated by Aβ1-42 to establish PC12 cell model.PC12 cells were set as blank group before induction to verify the successful construction of the cell model.The induced PC12 cells were divided into control group, Sox2OT overexpression (p-Sox2OT) group, p-Sox2OT empty vector (p-NC) group, inhibited Sox2OT expression (si-Sox2OT) group and si-Sox2OT empty vector (si-NC) group.The proliferation activity of thiazole blue (MTT) was detected.Flow cytometry was used to detect the cell cycle and apoptosis rate after transfection.Results:MTT results showed that compared with the blank group (99.67±10.50), the cell proliferation rate of the control group (29.33±5.51) was significantly reduced ( t=10.27, P<0.05). RT-qPCR results showed that compared with the control group (0.52±0.06), the Sox2OT mRNA expression level in the p-Sox2OT group (2.19±0.16) was significantly increased ( t=16.93, P<0.05). The mRNA expression level of Sox2OT in the si-Sox2OT group (0.22±0.02) decreased significantly ( t=15.28, P<0.05). Compared with the p-NC group (0.53±0.12), The mRNA expression level of Sox2OT in the p-Sox2OT group (2.19±0.16) was significantly increased ( t=16.25, P<0.05). Compared with the si-NC group (0.51±0.09), the mRNA expression level of Sox2OT in the si-Sox2OT group (0.22±0.02) was significantly decreased ( t=16.93, P<0.05). The difference between the control group, the p-NC group and the si-NC group was not statistically significant ( P>0.05). In addition, the cell proliferation ability of the p-Sox2OT group (145.00±5.12) was significantly higher than that of the si-Sox2OT group (23.33±4.93), control group (55.00±5.00), si-NC group (57.33±8.51) and p-NC group (56.00±5.57) ( t=29.65, 21.78, 27.55, 21.35, all P<0.05). The difference in cell proliferation rate between Control group, p-NC group and si-NC group was not statistically significant ( P>0.05). Cell cycle detection experiments showed that the number of cells in the G1 phase of the p-Sox2OT group was significantly lower than that of the control group and p-NC ( t=9.80, 8.57; both P<0.05), while the number of cells in the G2 phase of the p-Sox2OT group was significantly higher than that of the control group and the p-NC group ( t=11.02, 10.25; both P<0.05). The number of cells in the G1 phase of the si-Sox2OT group was significantly higher than that of the control group and the si-NC group ( t=8.22, 3.11, both P<0.05), while the number of cells in the G2 phase of the si-Sox2OT group decreased significantly, compared with the control group and the si-NC group ( t=6.32, 5.33; all P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in cell cycle between the control group, the p-NC group and the si-NC group (both P>0.05). In the S phase, the difference between the p-Sox2OT group and the control group was statistically significant ( t=1.84, P<0.05). The number of cells in the G2 phase of the p-Sox2OT group (19.00±1.00) was significantly higher than that of the si-Sox2OT group (3.33±1.53), the control group (10.00±1.00), si-NC group (8.55±0.73) and p-NC group (7.67±1.53) ( t=14.85, 11.02, 10.23, 10.74, all P<0.05). The apoptosis rate of p-Sox2OT group ((3.66±0.26)%) was lower than that of si-Sox2OT group ((14.25±0.80)%), control group ((8.46±0.44)%), si-NC group ((8.78±0.44)%) and p-NC group ((8.40± 0.21)%) ( t=21.81, 16.27, 20.32, 21.35, all P<0.05). For the apoptosis rate, there was no statistically significant difference between control group, p-NC group and si-NC group( P>0.05). In addition, the expression levels of p-PI3K and p-Akt in the p-Sox2OT group were significantly higher than those in the p-NC group ( P<0.05). Compared with the si-NC group, the expression of p-PI3K and p-Akt in PC12 cells in the si-Sox2OT group was significantly decreased ( P<0.05). Conclusion:lncRNA Sox2OT can promote the proliferation of PC12 cells induced by Aβ1-42 and inhibit apoptosis by regulating the PI3K/Akt pathway.

Objective: To summarize the clinical manifestations and treatment of retinal artery occlusion and cerebral infarction caused by facial injection of hyaluronic acid. Methods: Fifteen cases (15 eyes) with vision lose caused by facial cosmetic injection of hyaluronic acid visited Xi＇an No.4 Hospital from December 2010 to January 2017. The clinical data were collected such as general medical history and treatment methods, and follow-up for 1 year. Results: All patients were female, 22-41 years old, with average age of 33. All patients were injected with hyaluronic acid. For 8 patients the fillers were injected in the forehead, 3 patients were in the glabellar region, 3 patients were in the nasolabial fold, and 1 patient was in the temporal of left eye. All patients had vision lose after injection, the visiting time was 1 to 6 hours. 13 patients were central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO). 1 patient was retinal branch artery occlusion (BRAO), 1 patient was ischemic optic neuropathy (ION), 13 patients manifested as no light perception (NLP), 1 patient was 0.6, 1 patient was CF/30 cm, and 14 patients with cerebral infarction, manifested as headache, dizziness. All patients were given emergency treatment, and 9 patients had treated with interventional thrombolysis therapy. After treatment 11 patients, visual acuity had no significant improvement, but 4 patients improved. Headache, dizziness symptoms disappeared, but cerebral infarction lesions still existed on MRI. Conclusions Human face is a rich blood supply; vision loss and cerebral infarction could occur after injection of hyaluronic acid. After urgent treatment visual acuity is not improved obviously, eventually leading to irreversible visual impairment or even loss.