Objective To investigate the infectivity of hepatitis A virus(HAV)cell-adapted strain in a type Ⅰ interferon receptor-deficient mouse model.Methods The biological charateristics of HM175/18f were identified,including the viral protein expression and viral proliferation by indirect immunofluorescence,Western blot and real-time quantitative RT-PCR in vitro.Then,type Ⅰ interferon receptor-deficient A129 mice were infected with HM175/18f via intravenous injection.The viral RNA load in serum,feces and liver tissues of infected mice were detected to determine the replication of HAV in vivo.The level of serum alanine aminotransferase(ALT)and HE staining of liver tissues were used to evaluate liver injury.Additionally,the dynamic changes of HAV-specific IgG antibody was detected to assess the humoral immune response induced by HM175/18f.Results A129 mice infected with HM175/18f did not show obvious clinical symptoms,nor was the ALT level significantly elevated.However,viral RNA persisted in the liver tissue of infected mice until 42 days after infection.There was focal infiltration of lymphocytes and neutrophils in the liver tissue of infected mice,but no focal necrosis was observed.More importantly,HM175/18f infection caused significant viremia and sustained fecal virus shedding.In addition,HM175/18f induced a significant HAV-specific humoral immune response in A129 mice.Conclusion Our study has revealed the infectivity of HAV cell-adapted strain HM175/18f in type Ⅰ interferon receptor-deficient mice,and identified the attenuated characteristics of HM175/18f,which not only contributes to our understanding of the pathogenesis of HAV,but also expand the applications of a type Ⅰ interferon receptor-deficient mouse model in the study of hepatitis A.

Objective To study the mechanism of single Chinese medicine and compound in the treatment for sequelae of pelvic inflammatory disease.Methods We searched Pubmed,Web of Science,CNKI,Wanfang and other databases,to find out relevant literature on the treatment of SPID and their mechanism of herbal medicine since the etablishment of the database to March 2023,and summarized the literatures.Results A total of 428 literatures were included,from the included literature,we screened reports on the mechanism of of single Chinese medicine and compound in the treatment of pelvic inflammatory disease,including regulating the secretion level of cytokines and inflammatory mediators,promoting the apoptosis of inflammatory cells,inhibiting lipid peroxidation,inhibiting tissue fiber,improving blood circulation,regulating metabolic pathways and cell signal transduction,and regulating immunity etc.Conclusion To conduct in-depth research on the mechanism of action of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of sequelae of pelvic inflammatory disease and to provide reference for the development of new drugs of SPID.

Metastasis and resistance are main causes to affect the outcome of the current anticancer therapies. Heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) as an ATP-dependent molecular chaperone takes important role in the tumor metastasis and resistance. Targeting Hsp90 and downregulating its expression show promising in inhibiting tumor metastasis and resistance. In this study, a redox-responsive dual-drug nanocarrier was constructed for the effective delivery of a commonly used chemotherapeutic drug PTX, and a COA-modified 4-arm PEG polymer (4PSC) was synthesized. COA, an active component in oleanolic acid that exerts strong antitumor activity by downregulating Hsp90 expression, was used as a structural and functional element to endow 4PSC with redox responsiveness and Hsp90 inhibitory activity. Our results showed that 4PSC/PTX nanomicelles efficiently delivered PTX and COA to tumor locations without inducing systemic toxicity. By blocking the Hsp90 signaling pathway, 4PSC significantly enhanced the antitumor effect of PTX, inhibiting tumor proliferation and invasiveness as well as chemotherapy-induced resistance in vitro. Remarkable results were further confirmed in vivo with two preclinical tumor models. These findings demonstrate that the COA-modified 4PSC drug delivery nanosystem provides a potential platform for enhancing the efficacy of chemotherapies.

Dengue is the most prevalent and rapidly spreading mosquito-borne viral disease.As a dengue non-endemic country,China has experienced several dengue outbreaks in recent years.However,dengue patients in China displayed distinct clinical characteristics compared to patients in endemic countries.To standardize the diagnosis and treatment of dengue fever,the experts of the Society of Infectious Diseases,Society of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology of Chinese Medical Association,and the Society of Emergency Medicine,China Association of Chinese Medicine have reached this guideline based on guidelines for diagnosis,treatment,prevention and control of dengue (World Health Organization,2009);guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of dengue (National Health and Family Planning Commission of the People's Republic of China,2014,Edition 2),health industry standard of the People's Republic of China "diagnosis for dengue fever (WS216-2018)" and systemic reports on dengue.The guideline includes 8 aspects:introduction,terminology,epidemiology and prevention,etiology and pathogenesis,clinical features,diagnosis,treatment and problems to be solved.

Objective To prepare quality control samples for St.Louis encephalitis virus(SLEV)molecular detection by constructing pseudovirus containing target sequences of SLEV.Methods According to the principles of armored RNA technique, the prM gene sequence of SLEV was cloned into the prokaryotic expression vector to generate recombinant plasmid pSE380-MS2-SLEV.Then, recombinant E.coli transformed with the corresponding plasmid was induced with IPTG to produce recombinant pseudovirus particles.The particles were purified by chloroform and further characterized by double enzyme digestion and transmission electron microscopy.The temperature sensitivity experiments and quantitative RT-PCR were performed to validate the potential of these pseudovirus particles as quality control samples.Results PCR amplification and sequencing analysis confirmed that the prM gene sequence of SLEV was cloned into vector pSE380-MS2.Transmission electron microscopy showed that homogenous spherical particles with a diameter of about 25 nm were produced upon IPTG induction.The SLEV genomic RNA within the pseudovirus particles was resistant to DNaseⅠand RNase A digestion, and remained stable for 20 days at 37℃.These samples were validated with quantitative RT-PCR for SLEV.Conclusion The RNase-resistant and stable pseudovirus particles containing prM fragment of SLEV are constructed successfully, which can be used as positive quality control samples for RNA extraction and molecular detection.

Enterovirus 71 (EV71) is one of the primary causative agents of hand, foot and mouth disease in children and closely associated with severe neurological complications and even deaths.EV71 outbreaks have occurred throughout the Asia-Pacific region since 1990s, posing global public health threat;however, no specific therapeutic strategy exists for severe EV71 infection.Several inactivated vaccine products have entered or finished the clinical trial stage, and some novel vaccine candidates, including live attenuated, subunit, and virus-like particle, show great potential for further develop-ment.This review summarizes the present situation and progress in the development of EV71 vaccines.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the eff ect of pulchinenoside (PULC) on fi broblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) apoptosis in adjuvant arthritis (AA) rats. METHODS: A total of 60 SD rats were randomly divided into 8 groups: A normal control group, an AA group, a low PULC group (50 mg/kg), a middle PULC group (100 mg/kg) or a high PULC group (150 mg/kg) and an ibuprofen (8 mg/kg) group (n=10 per group). FLS from the AA rats was cultured. The expression of Bcl-2, Bax, caspase-3 and the FLS proliferation were detected by the real time qPCR and MTT, respectively. The expression of IL-6 and IL-8 in culture medium was detected by ELISA. RESULTS: Compared with the AA group, the Bcl-2 expression was down-regulated (all P<0.05), the Bax and caspase-3 expression was up-regulated (all P<0.05), and the FLS proliferation was inhibited (all P<0.05). The IL-6 and IL-8 expression was suppressed in the FLS in the PULC groups at different dosages (all P<0.05) as well as in the ibuprofen group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION PULC may inhibit the FLS proliferation in AA rats by increase in FLS apoptosis.
Animals ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Arthritis, Experimental ; Caspase 3 ; metabolism ; Fibroblasts ; cytology ; drug effects ; Interleukin-6 ; metabolism ; Interleukin-8 ; metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; metabolism ; Pulsatilla ; chemistry ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Synovial Membrane ; cytology ; bcl-2-Associated X Protein ; metabolism

Vaccine immunization represents the most effective strategy against viral infections .Antiviral vaccine candi-dates currently include live attenuated vaccine , inactivated vaccine , DNA vaccine and genetic engineering vaccine .Live at-tenuated vaccines , eliciting efficient humoral and cellular immune response by simulating natural virus infection , are clini-cally widely used.Traditionally, live attenuated vaccine strains are obtained by serial passaging in vitro or in vivo, a costly procedure accumulating random mutations .microRNA( miRNA)-targeting host gene regulation exhibits high species and tis-sue specificity .Introducing certain miRNA target sequence into viral genome by reverse genetic technique can effectively attenuate virus strains, which has great potential in vaccine design and development .In this article,attenuation strategies and progress in its application in vaccine research are disscussed .

Objective: To assess the quality for meta-analysis on prevention and treatment of coronary artery disease (CAD) in China.
Methods: We systemically searched 4 Chinese databases of VIP, CNKI, CBM and Wan Fang for their meta-analysis on CAD prevention and treatment from 1987-01 to 2013-10. According to inclusion and exclusion criteria, 2 researchers independently screened and cross-checked all the literatures. The qualities of methodology and report were evaluated by R-AMSTAR and PRISMA scales.
Results: A total of 201 literatures were enrolled for our study. The average score of methodology quality was (24.65±3.97), no literature met all required items, and the major problems were as lack of“a priori design”, insufifcient and bias of data selection combining inappropriate data synthesis. The average score of report quality was (17.20 ± 2.90), no literature met all 27 required items, and the major problems were as incomplete report of abstract, objective, protocol and registration, incomplete data collection/analysis, using and publishing bias information, incomplete quality assessment.
Conclusion: Both of methodology and report of meta-analysis for CAD prevention and treatment have quality problems at different levels, further improvement should be expected.

ObjectiveTo explore the relationship of marriage quality with individual characteristics and copy style among the epilepsy patients.MethodsThe Chinese Marriage Quality Questionnaire,and Eysenck Personality Questionnaire Short Form Scale-Chinese edition (EPQ-RSC),and the Questionnaire of Simple Way to Coping were assessed used to assess 97 cases of the aduh married epilepsy patients and 93 cases of the control group 1 (epilepsy patients spouses) and 91 cases of the control group 2 (healthy crowds ).ResultsThe total scores of the marriage quality of epilepsy patients ( 295.78 ± 40.37 ) was lower than ones in the control group 2 ( ( 354.85 ± 28.11 ),P =0.000) and higher than that of the control group 1 ( (278.55 ± 42.23 ),P =0.014),the difference was all statistically significant(P＜ 0.05).The total scores of marriage quality of the epilepsy patients was negative correlated with the sex,and the age,and the marriage age and the severity,and the duration,and psychoticism( the Pearson correlation was respectively:-0.204,-0.436,-0.243,-0.691,-0.568,-0.635 ),and was positive correlated with which the formal schooling,and the attack types (symptoms epilepsy),and the introversion or extroversion,and the hidness,and the positive( the Pearson correlation was respectively 0.317,0.750,0.267,0.386,0.188) the difference was all statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).Those seven variables that the attack type,and the hidness,and the severity,and the sex,and the education,and the psychoticism,and the positive could be predict to marriage quality of epilepsy patients,Adjusted R square was 0.903,After adjustment was 0.021 (P ＜ 0.05 ).ConclusionThe lever of marriage quality of the epilepsy patients is lower,and correlate with severity of epilepsy disease,and personality,copy style,and can be do comprehensive intervention from those.