Objective: The objective of this study was to analyze the different brain oxygen metabolism statuses in preeclampsia using magnetic resonance imaging and investigate the factors that affect cerebral oxygen metabolism in preeclampsia. Materials and Methods: Forty-nine women with preeclampsia (mean age 32.4 years; range, 18–44 years), 22 pregnant healthy controls (PHCs) (mean age 30.7 years; range, 23–40 years), and 40 non-pregnant healthy controls (NPHCs) (mean age 32.5 years; range, 20–42 years) were included in this study. Brain oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) values were computed using quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) plus quantitative blood oxygen level-dependent magnitude-based OEF mapping (QSM + quantitative blood oxygen level-dependent imaging or QQ) obtained with a 1.5-T scanner. Voxel-based morphometry (VBM) was used to investigate the differences in OEF values in the brain regions among the groups. Results: Among the three groups, the average OEF values were significantly different in multiple brain areas, including the parahippocampus, multiple gyri of the frontal lobe, calcarine, cuneus, and precuneus (all P-values were less than 0.05, after correcting for multiple comparisons). The average OEF values of the preeclampsia group were higher than those of the PHC and NPHC groups. The bilateral superior frontal gyrus/bilateral medial superior frontal gyrus had the largest size of the aforementioned brain regions, and the OEF values in this area were 24.2 ± 4.6, 21.3 ± 2.4, and 20.6 ± 2.8 in the preeclampsia, PHC, and NPHC groups, respectively. In addition, the OEF values showed no significant differences between NPHC and PHC. Correlation analysis revealed that the OEF values of some brain regions (mainly involving the frontal, occipital, and temporal gyrus) were positively correlated with age, gestational week, body mass index, and mean blood pressure in the preeclampsia group (r = 0.361–0.812). Conclusion Using whole-brain VBM analysis, we found that patients with preeclampsia had higher OEF values than controls.

【Objective】 To investigate the immune status of blood donors in Yangzhou area after SARS-COV-2 vaccinating. 【Methods】 Among 112 voluntary blood donors from August 29 to September 22, 2021, 111 were vaccinated with SARS-COV-2 vaccine.IgM antibody(by enzyme-linked immunocapture method), IgG antibody(by indirect method of combined immunoassay)and IgG antibody titer were detected. 【Results】 A total of 99.11% (111/112 ) voluntary blood donors were vaccinated, two-shot(n=103), one-shot(n=1) and three-shot (n=7) accounting for 91.96%, 0.89% and 6.25%, respectively.Eighty-eight (78.57%) were positive for IgG antibodies, and 14 (12.5%) were positive for IgM antibodies.No statistically significant difference was found in IgG and IgM positive yielding between males and females (P>0.05). The proportion (0.89%, 1/112) of positive IgM in blood donors with blood type A was significantly lower than that of other blood types (P<0.01). The IgG antibody titer of blood donors maintained rather high level within 6 months after vaccinating.47.66% of the donors presented antibody titer more than 160, and 5.60% had IgM antibody been detected within 1 month after vaccinating. 【Conclusion】 At present, the SARS-COV-2 vaccination effect in China is generally good.Since IgG antibodies cannot be detected after 6 months, it is suggested to perform IgG antibody testing for donors who have completed the second dose for more than 6 months.For those IgG antibody negative, booster shots should be conducted.For donors with high IgG antibody titer, their plasma may be considered to replace with COVID-19 convalescent plasma for the treatment of patients with rapid disease progression, or severe/critically ill patients diagnosed with COVID-19, so as to avoid the risk of COVID-19 re-spreading during convalescent plasma collection in blood centers. For blood donors with positive IgM antibodies, it is recommended to follow up the NAT results to minimize the risk of transmission.

Background/Aims: Anti-phospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2R) autoantibody is the main biomarker of idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN). We aimed to find a new cutoff value of anti-PLA2R for patients with IMN and to explore the relevance between this antibody and baseline clinical parameters. Methods: A total of 670 subjects including 374 IMN cases and 296 non-IMN controls were included between January 2017 and January 2020. All clinical parameters were collected at the time of renal biopsy. The levels of anti-PLA2R were detected by a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit. The optimal cutoff value was calculated by a receiver operating characteristic curve and compared in diagnostic efficiency. Results: The optimal cutoff value of anti-PLA2R for IMN was 7.45 RU/mL with the highest Youden index, and the corresponding sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value were 80.75%, 97.97%, 98.05% and 80.11%, respectively. Anti-PLA2R levels in IMN patients demonstrated a significant positive correlation with serum creatinine and 24-hour urinary protein, while they showed a negative correlation with serum albumin and estimated glomerular filtration rate. Conclusions The recommended cutoff value of anti-PLA2R is 7.45 RU/mL using ELISA detection for distinguishing IMN from non-IMN nephropathy. The level of anti-PLA2R is related to baseline renal function in IMN. This new threshold can improve the diagnostic efficiency and facilitate early diagnosis of IMN.

OBJECTIVE：To systematically review the efficacy of tamsul osin a lone or combined with antimuscarinic drugs in the treatment of ureteral stent-related symptom （SRSs），and to provide evidence-based reference for the clinical treatment. METHODS：Retrieved from PubMed ，Embase，Cochrane Library ，CJFD，CBM，VIP and Wanfang database ，from the inception to Oct. 2019，RCTs about tamsulosin alone （monotherapy group ）or combined with antimuscarinic drugs （combination group ） versus placebo or blank control （control group ）in the treatment of SRSs were collected. After data extraction of included clinical studies met inclusion criteria ，their quality was evaluated with Cochrane collaborative network system evaluation manual 5.1.0，and Meta-analysis was conducted by using Rev Man 5.3 statistical software. RESULTS ：A total of 9 RCTs were included ，involving 932 patients. Meta-analysis results showed that after stent placement ，the urinary symptoms score [MD ＝－4.23，95％CI（－5.96， －2.51），P＜0.000 01]，body pain score [MD ＝－4.20，95％CI（－5.30，－3.10），P＜0.000 01]，general health score [MD ＝ － 1.36， 95％ CI（ － 1.75， － 0.98）， P＜0.000 01] in monotherapy group were significantly lower than control group with statistical significance ； there was no significantly 2805097532@qq.com difference in the work performance score [MD ＝0.19，95％CI（－0.99，1.37），P＝0.76]，sexual matters score [MD ＝－0.31 95％CI（－0.68，0.05），P＝0.09] in 2 groups. 4 weeks after the stent was removed ，the body pain score [MD ＝－0.64，95％CI（－0.84，－0.43），P＜0.000 01]，general health score [MD ＝ －0.28，95％CI（－0.41，－0.15），P＜0.000 01] ，urinary symptoms score [MD ＝－0.64，95％CI（－0.84，－0.43），P＜0.000 01] in monotherapy group were significantly lower than control group after stent placement ，with statistical significance ；there was no significantly difference in the work performance score [MD ＝0.31，95％CI（－0.22，0.84），P＝0.25] or sexual matters score [MD ＝ －0.31，95％CI＝（－0.68，0.05），P＝0.09] in 2 groups. The urinary symptoms score [MD ＝5.93，95％CI（2.83，9.02），P＝0.000 2]， body pain score [MD ＝3.49，95％CI（1.39，5.60），P＝0.001] and general health score [MD ＝2.96，95％CI（1.44，4.49），P＝0.000 1] in the monotherapy group were higher than the combination group ；there was no significantly difference in the work performance score [MD ＝1.53，95％CI（－0.12，3.18），P＝0.07] or sexual matters score [MD ＝0.46，95％CI（－1.03，1.96），P＝0.54] in 2 groups. CONCLUSIONS：Tamsulosin has a good therapeutic effect on SRSs ；its combination with antimuscarinic drugs can achieve better therapeutic efficacty.

Objective To express and purify two domains GcⅠand GcⅡof Xinjiang hemorrhagic fever virus (XHFV) glycoprotein, and to study its immunogenicity and the effects on immune response in mice. Methods The prokaryotic expression plasmids of pET28a-GcⅠand pET32a-GcⅡwere constructed and transformed into E. coli BL21, respectively. The expression and purification conditions of rGcⅠand rGcⅡproteins were optimized. The antigenicity of the fusion protein was detected by Western Blot and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). BALB/c mice were immunized by protein immunization and DNA priming-protein boosting. The mice were randomly divided into 5 groups, including pVAX1-GcⅠ+rGcⅠgroup, pVAX1-GcⅡ+rGcⅡgroup, rGcⅠgroup, rGcⅡgroup and saline group (control group) with 7 mice in each group. The serum antibody titer of mice was detected by indirect ELISA, and the immune effect was evaluated by spleen T lymphocyte proliferation assay and cytokine content determination. Results The fusion proteins rGcⅠand rGcⅡwere purified and obtained, which could react with positive serum of sheep and had good antigenicity. After three immunizations, the IgG levels in the serum of each experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group (all P<0.001). The serum antibody titers of the experimental groups were reached above 1:12800. Among them, the concentration of Th2 type cytokine interleukin-4 (IL-4) in the spleen cell culture supernatant of rGcⅡ[(79.97±7.47) ng/L] and pVAX1-GcⅡ+rGcⅡgroup [(61.43±9.27) ng/L] was significantly higher than (24.29±3.81) ng/L of the control group, respectively (all P<0.01). The highest mass concentration [(42.46 ±2.60) ng/L] of Th1 type cytokine interferon-γ(IFN-γ) was observed in the pVAX1-GcⅡ+rGcⅡ group, which was significantly higher than (20.33±1.67) ng/L of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.001). That showed a significant antigen-specific splenic T lymphocyte proliferation (P<0.001). Conclusions The purified recombinant proteins rGcⅠand rGcⅡhave good immunogenicity, which can make the immune system T lymphocytes tend to Th2 response, and pVAX1-GcⅡ combined with recombinant protein GcⅡ can induce better antigen-specific immune effect. And pVAX1-GcⅡ combined with recombinant protein GcⅡis expected to be used as vaccine candidates for the prevention and control of XHFV.

Objective: To investigate the value of ¹⁸F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/CT in differentiation of noninvasive and malignant pancreatic cystic lesions (PCL). Methods: A total of 125 PCL patients (66 males, 59 females, age range: 13-83 years), who had pathology or typical imaging performance with ≥12 months follow-up between August 2010 and December 2015, were enrolled in this retrospective study. The diagnostic effects of ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT were calculated. The size, maximum standardized uptake value (SUV_max), delayed SUV_max and retention index (RI) of noninvasive and malignant PCL were analyzed. The results of pathological examination and follow-up were used as the gold standard, and Mann-Whitney u test was used to analyze the data. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves of SUV_max, delayed SUV_max and RI were drawn and compared. Results: A total of 132 PCL were found in 125 patients, including 71 malignant PCL and 61 noninvasive PCL. The size, SUV_max, delayed SUV_max, RI of noninvasive and malignant PLC were 2.2 (1.4, 3.8) cm vs 3.9 (3.0, 5.0) cm, 1.5 (1.2, 1.8) vs 6.4 (4.4, 9.3), 1.5 (1.2, 1.9) vs 6.4 (5.4, 11.7), -6.3%(-19.4%, 5.6%) vs 17.5%(7.6%, 29.4%), respectively. All parameters were significantly different between 2 groups (z values: from -9.267 to -4.904, all P<0.05). The area under curve (AUC) and cut-off value of SUV_max were 0.969 and 2.5, and the corresponding accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV) were 92.4%(122/132), 93.0%(66/71), 91.8%(56/61), 93.0%(66/71), 91.8%(56/61), respectively. The AUC and cut-off value of delayed SUV_max were 0.969 and 2.7, and the accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV were 94.3%(99/105), 96.7%(58/60), 91.1%(41/45), 93.5%(58/62), 95.3%(41/43), respectively. ROC curves of SUV_max and delayed SUV_max were not significantly different (z=1.799, P>0.05). Conclusion ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT has good performance in differentiation of noninvasive and malignant PCL, but the delayed scan cannot further improve the efficacy of differential diagnosis.

Objective To explore the effect of forgiveness intervention on improving the happiness index and self-esteem of the elderly.Methods Totally 103 cases who had been offended and did not relieved were enrolled in this research.Two groups were assigned using digital random method.There were 49 cases in the experimental group and 50 cases in the control group that were counted in final statistics according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria.The experimental group received 8-week forgiveness therapy,control group re-ceived no special intervention.Results The scores of well-being,forgiving self,forgiving others and self-es-teem respectively were 3.06±0.97,3.23±0.62,3.01±0.63 and 2.71±0.35 respectively.Forgiving others was positively related with well-being and self-esteem(r=0.296,0.273,P<0.01),and there was no correlation between forgiving self and well-being(r=0.113,P>0.05). Forgiving others(t=5.309,P<0.01),self-esteem (t=2.732,P=0.008),well-being(t=2.732,P=0.008)in experimental group were improved after the inter-vention,but no difference was found in forgiving self(t=1.413,P=0.165). And there were significant differ-ence in both main effect and interaction effect in forgiving others(Fmain=39.05,Pmain<0.01; Finter=34.96, Pinter<0.01),self-esteem(Fmain=26.41,Pmain<0.01; Finter=35.83,Pinter<0.01),well-being(Fmain=20.96,Pmain<0.01;Finter=18.06,Pinter<0.01)at the pre-test,post-test and 1 month after intervention in experimen-tal group. In the control group,there was no significance in main effect(Fmain=1.98,Pmain=0.152),but the interaction effect was significantly different(Finter=10.98,Pinter<0.01).Conclusion Forgiveness interven-tion can improve forgiveness for elderly people.This intervention method has a positive effect on improving the overall happiness index and self-esteem of elderly people who have been subjected to other offenses,unfair treatment or interpersonal conflicts.

Objective To analyze miR-92a expression and its clinical significance in the plasma of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients.Methods Plasma samples from 44 SLE patients,16 rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients and 20 healthy controls were collected.The small RNAs in these plasma samples were isolated and reversely transcribed.Using cel-miR-39 as the external reference,the levels of miR-92a expression were detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method.MiR-92a and cel-miR-39 were analyzed by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR and agarose gel electrophoresis.The sensitivity and specificity of miR-92a as SLE were analyzed by receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve.The correlation between the levels of miR-92a expression and the clinic pathological features of SLE and biological significance of miR-92a expression in SLE were further analyzed by Pearson or Chi-square test.Results Our data indicated that the plasma levels of miR-92a expression was 49.20 (5.33,95.17) in SLE patients,411.30 (320.84,504.69) in healthy controls,and 25.59(11.20,30.54) in RA patients.The difference was significant (x2=40.77,P＜0.01).The area under the ROC curve (AUC) was 0.958 for discriminating between SLE patients and normal subjects and 1.00 for discriminating between RA patients and healthy controls.The levels of miR92a expression cutoff values were set the as 198.59 for healthy control and 85.35 for RA patients,the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity were 93.2％,90％,and 100％,100％,res-pectively.The analysis of the correlation between miR-92a expression and the clinic pathological features of SLE had shown that the levels of plasma miR-92a expressions were much lower in SLE patients with down-regulated complement C3,and up-regulated urea nitrogen,creatinine,LDH,ATH (all P＜0 05).Conclusion Down-regulated miR-92a expression in plasma of SLE may be involved in the SLE disease occurrence or development and could be used as a novel potential diagnostic biomarker for SLE.

Objective To construct two DNA vaccines based on two glycoprotein antigen segments of Xinjiang hemorrhagic fever virus (XHFV) and to evaluate the immune responses in BALB/c mice following vaccination.Methods Two recombinant expression plasmids pVAX1-GcⅠand pVAX1-Gc Ⅱ were constructed by inserting XHFV YL04057 strain Gc Ⅰ (1 229-1 349 aa) and Gc Ⅱ (1 443-1 566 aa) fragments into the eukaryotic expression vector pVAX1 and then were identify by restriction enzyme digestion and sequencing analysis.The recombinant expression plasmids were transfected into mice by hydrodynamics-based transfection.Immune responses induced in mice were evaluated by testing the proliferation of T cells with MTT,measuring serum antibody level with ELISA and detecting cytokines in the supernatant of spleen cell culture with ELISA kit.Results The recombinant expression plasmids were successfully constructed as indicated by the results of restriction enzyme digestion and sequencing analysis.Expression of Gc Ⅰ and Gc Ⅱ genes in mice liver tissues was detected.Antibody titers in mice immunized with pVAX1-GcⅠor pVAX1-Gc Ⅱ were higher than those in mice immunized with pVAX1.Compared with pVAX1,pVAX1-Gc Ⅱ significantly enhanced the proliferation of splenic T lymphocytes and the expression of IFN-γ (P<0.01).Conclusion The constructed two DNA vaccines for XHFV can induce specific humoral and cellular immune responses in mice.pVAX1-Gc Ⅱ is better than pVAX1-GcⅠin immunogenicity and protective efficacy,suggesting that it can be used as a promising candidate for the development of DNA vaccine for XHFV.