Objective:To systematically review the predictive model for de novo stress urinary incontinence (de novo SUI) after pelvic organ prolapse (POP) surgery, with the aim of providing reference for preventing the occurrence of de novo SUI.Methods:Literature on the prediction model of de novo SUI after POP surgery was electronically retrieved in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, WanFang, and VIP. The search period was from the establishment of the database to December 31, 2023, and the language was limited to Chinese and English. Two researchers independently screened literature, extracted data, and used the prediction model risk of bias assessment tool (PROBAST) to evaluate the quality of the models.Results:A total of 13 articles were included, including 13 de novo SUI risk prediction models. One literature was a prospective study, one literature was a secondary analysis of data, and the rest were retrospective studies. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve in nine models ranged from 0.595 to 0.842, and the C-index of three models ranged from 0.710 to 0.738. Five models were not validated or only internally validated after construction. Six models were validated in one external population. The predictive performance of one model was validated in six external populations. The overall applicability of the 13 prediction models was good, but there was a certain risk of bias in all of them. Conclusions:There is a significant difference in the predictive performance of the de novo SUI risk prediction model after POP surgery, and the number is relatively small, indicating that it is still in the development stage. Future research should continuously optimize existing models and conduct external validation, and construct predictive models suitable for postoperative de novo SUI in POP patients in China.

AIM To investigate the effects of Moluodan Dami Pills on chronic atrophic gastritis(CAG)rats and their mechanism.METHODS The rat models were randomly divided into the model group,the low-dose group and high-dose Moluodan Dami Pills groups(2.43 g/kg and 4.86 g/kg),and vitamin A group(0.32 g/kg),following the 16 weeks successful induction of CAG by five-factor modeling method,in contrast to another 10 normal rats of the control group.After 8 weeks corresponding administration,the rats of each group had their general physiological status and pH value of gastric juice assessed;their pathological changes of gastric mucosa observed by naked eyes combined with HE staining;their changes of gastrin-secreting cells(G cells)and somatostatin-secreting cells(D cells)in gastric mucosa observed by immunohistochemistry;and their serum levels of pepsinogen Ⅰ/pepsinogen Ⅱ(PG Ⅰ/PG Ⅱ)ratio,TNF-α and IL-6 detected by ELISA.RESULTS Compared with the model group,the groups intervened with Moluodan Damei Pills and vitamin A displayed lower pH values of gastric juice(P＜0.05),improved pathological changes of gastric mucosa,increased G and D cells counts(P＜0.05,P＜0.01),increased ratio of serum PGⅠ/PGⅡ,and decreased levels of IL-6 and TNF-α(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).CONCLUSION Moluodan Dami Pills can effectively improve the symptoms of CAG rats through its influence on the number and secretion abilityof G and D cells,the levels of serum PG Ⅰ/PG Ⅱ ratio and inflammatory factors.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of acupuncture-moxibustion in the treatment of cerebral palsy-related speech impairment.Methods:A systematic literature search of 7 electronic databases was conducted between January 7,2000 and January 12,2021 to find randomized controlled trials(RCTs)examining the benefits of acupuncture-moxibustion combined with rehabilitation training to cerebral palsy-induced speech impairment.The included trials'quality was assessed using the Cochrane Reviewers'Handbook as a guide,and statistical analysis was carried out using the RevMan 5.3 software.Results:A total of 17 RCTs with 1238 subjects were finally recruited and analyzed.When acupuncture-moxibustion was combined with rehabilitation training,the results showed a considerable improvement in speech impairment compared with the rehabilitation training alone.The most commonly used points for the treatment of speech disorders are Baihui(GV20),Speech Area,Zhisanzhen[Shenting(GV24)and bilateral Benshen(GB13)],Niesanzhen[2 Cun above the ear tip as the first point,with 1.0 Cun anterior and posterior to the current point as the second and third points],and Sishenzhen[1.5 Cun anterior,posterior,and bilateral to Baihui(GV20)].Conclusion:Acupuncture-moxibustion has a stronger effect on children's development of receptive and expressive language,as well as the developmental quotient.Acupuncture-moxibustion in combination with rehabilitation training is not only more successful than the control treatment,but also safer and more dependable.Baihui(GV20),Speech Area,Zhisanzhen,Niesanzhen,and Sishenzhen are the most widely used points for speech impediment.

Objective:To analyze the acupoint selection law of acupuncture for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) using data mining techniques.Methods:Literature related to acupuncture for ASD was retrieved from the CNKI, SinoMed, VIP, Wanfang, and PubMed databases from the establishment of the databases to April 1, 2022, and then a database of acupuncture prescriptions was established. The frequency analysis of acupoint use was performed using Microsoft Excel 2019; the Apriori algorithm was used to analyze the association law of acupoints/acupoint areas; SPSS 26.0 was used to perform intergroup cluster analysis.Results:A total of 97 relevant articles with 97 acupuncture prescriptions and 98 acupoints/acupoint areas were included. The most frequently used acupoint was Shenmen (HT 7). The acupoint area of Jin's three-needle therapy and the Governor Vessel acupoints are commonly used. The most frequently occurring part of the acupoint/acupoint area was the head, and the most commonly used specific acupoint was the rendezvous acupoint. Association rule analysis yielded 40 groups of acupoints/acupoint areas, and the most commonly used combination was Laogong (PC 8) and Shenmen (HT 7). Four categories were extracted among high-frequency acupoints/acupoint areas by cluster analysis.Conclusion:Acupuncture treatment for ASD mainly selects the head acupoints, mainly selecting the acupoint area of Jin's three-needle therapy and the Governor Vessel acupoints, and paying attention to the use of specific acupoints.

Osteoporotic thoracolumbar fracture in the elderly will seriously reduce their quality of life and life expectancy. For osteoporotic thoracolumbar fracture in the elderly, spinal reconstruction is necessary, which should comprehensively consider factors such as the physical condition, fracture type, clinical characteristics and osteoporosis degree. While there lacks relevant clinical norms or guidelines on selection of spinal reconstruction strategies. In order to standardize the concept of spinal reconstruction for osteoporotic thoracolumbar fracture in the elderly, based on the principles of scientificity, practicality and progressiveness, the authors formulated the Clinical guideline for spinal reconstruction of osteoporotic thoracolumbar fracture in elderly patients ( version 2022), in which suggestions based on evidence of evidence-based medicine were put forward upon 10 important issues related to the fracture classification, non-operative treatment strategies and surgical treatment strategies in spinal reconstruction after osteoporosis thoracolumbar fracture in the elderly, hoping to provide a reference for clinical treatment.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Cardiovascular System ; Extracellular Fluid ; Humans

Abstract During the yellow fever epidemic in Angola in 2016, cases of yellow fever were reported in China for the first time. The 11 cases, all Chinese nationals returning from Angola, were identified in March and April 2016, one to two weeks after the peak of the Angolan epidemic. One patient died; the other 10 cases recovered after treatment. This paper reviews the epidemiological characteristics of the 11 yellow fever cases imported into China. It examines case detection and disease control and surveillance, and presents recommendations for further action to prevent additional importation of yellow fever into China.

ObjectiveDiabetic nephropathy (DN) is a pathological process involving the kidney that develops from Diabetes Mellitus (DM). The onset is hidden and difficult to reverse. Baicalin is an important flavonoid compound in Scutellaria Baicalensis. It has the functions of clearing heat and detoxifying, anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant. In recent years, the role of baicalin in lowering blood glucose and lipids and improving metabolic syndrome has received widespread attention. Therefore, we observed the protective effect of baicalin on the kidneys of DN rats and explored its possible regulatory mechanism.MethodsForty-five male SD rats were randomly divided into a normal control group, a DN model group, and a baicalin-treated group, with 15 rats in each group. The normal group was routinely bred, and the DN model was established in the model group and the baicalin treatment group, and the corresponding preparations were given gavage treatment. After a fixed time point, rat body weight, fasting blood glucose (FBG), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and serum creatinine (Scr) levels were measured, and the histopathological changes of the kidneys in each group were observed. TGF-β1 and α- SMA protein expression was measured by Western blot.ResultsCompared with the DN group, the FBG, BUN, Scr and 24h urine output of the baicalin treatment group were significantly decreased, and the body weight did not change significantly. Histopathological observation showed that compared with DN group, the pathological damage, glycogen deposition and fibrosis of the rats in the baicalin treatment group were significantly improved. Compared with the DN group, the results of Western blot showed that the expression of TGF-β1 and α-SMA protein in the baicalin treatment group were significantly decreased (P<0.05).ConclusionBaicalin can delay the progression of DN and improve renal fibrosis, and its mechanism may be closely related to the inhibition of α-SMA expression by baicalin by low regulation of TGF-β1.

Objective: To evaluate the anti-tumor activity of mouse multi-subtype heat shock protein/peptide (mHSP/P) vaccine in combination with a programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitor in mouse sarcoma. Methods: Immunohistochemical staining and en-zyme-linked immunosorbent assay (Elisa) was used to quantitatively identify the expression of heat shock proteins (HSP70, HSP90, Grp94) in the sarcoma cell line MCA207. From the protein suspension prepared, mHSP/P and Grp94/peptide (Grp94/P) sarcoma vac-cines were isolated using chromatography and were identified by Western blot (WB). Flow cytometry was used to determine their cy-totoxic effects. The levels of interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) produced upon mHSP/P and Grp94/P stimulation were measured by Elisa. The effect of sarcoma vaccines on the growth and survival of sarcoma was evaluated in mice. The expression of PD-L1 on the surface of MCA207 sarcoma cells was evaluated by immunofluorescent staining. The effect of IFN-γ treatment on the expression of PD-L1 was determined by WB. Animal experiments explored the effects of PD-L1 inhibitor in combination with mHSP/P treatment on tumors. Results: Tumor tissue carries a variety of HSP subtypes (HSP70, HSP90, Grp94). We successfully isolated sarco-ma tissue-derived mHSP/P and Grp94/P tumor vaccines, which were identified by WB; flow cytometry analysis demonstrated their cy-totoxicity. The levels of IFN-γ and TNF-α cytokines upon mHSP/P stimulation were significantly higher than that observed upon Grp94/P stimulation (P<0.05). The expression of PD-L1 on the surface of sarcoma cells increased with IFN-γ treatment. Animal experiments demonstrated that PD-L1 inhibitor in combination with mHSP/P significantly increased the immune response against tumor (P<0.05). Conclusions: Tumor-derived mHSP/P and Grp94/P can be used as tumor vaccines in animal models. The mHSP/P can elicit a stronger anti-tumor immune response than Grp94/P. IFN-γ stimulates the expression of PD-L1 in sarcoma cells, which results in immune eva-sion. The PD-L1 inhibitor in combination with mHSP/P increased the anti-tumor effect in the tumor microenvironment.

Objective To understand the malaria epidemic situation and characteristics in Jiangsu Province in 2016,so as to provide the evidence for formulating and adjusting the strategy and measures for malaria elimination. Methods The data of malaria cases in Jiangsu Province in 2016 were collected from China's Routine Diseases Surveillance Information System(CRD-SIS)and analyzed statistically.Results Totally,308 malaria cases were reported in Jiangsu Province in 2016,and the cases decreased by 23.95% compared to 405 malaria cases in 2015.Except for 1 malaria case that was caused by blood transfusion, the rest patients were all imported.Among the 308 cases,237 were infected with Plasmodium falciparum,11 were infected with P.vivax,8 were infected with P.malariae,51 were infected with P.ovale,and 1 was mixed infection.Among all the cities in Ji-angsu Province,the numbers of imported cases of Nantong(53 cases),Huai'an(41 cases),Taizhou(40 cases),Lianyungang (36 cases)and Yangzhou(29 cases)ranked in the top 5,and the total malaria cases in the five cities accounted for 64.61%. Conclusions There were no local malaria cases in Jiangsu Province for 5 consecutive years up to 2016.Although the imported cases decreased slightly compared to those in 2015,we still should strengthen the surveillance of imported malaria cases as well as improve malaria diagnosis and treatment abilities for related personnel at all levels of medical institutions.Also we should fo-cus on the Plasmodium check,focus survey and disposal to realize the aim of malaria elimination in Jiangsu Province in time.