Objective:To determine whether human papillomavirus(HPV L1)C-terminal conserved sequence antibodies with cross-reactive major capsid proteins of different types of HPV L1 have the ability to degrade HPV6 infection.Methods:Condyloma specimens were collected,HPV6 infection cases were identified from the collected samples,and virus was extracted.Polypeptide anti-sera were diluted in different proportions,and then co-cultured and neutralized with the resulting virus,then removed to contact mono-layer-cultured human immortalized keratinocytes and tested by HPV6 disease using PCR.Content of HPV6 DNA in human immortalized keratinocytes was exposed,and the presence of HPV6 L1 protein in this cells was tested by ELISA.Results:Human immortalized ke-ratinocytes infected with HPV6 virus neutralization at different dilution concentrations,the PCR products of their DNA extracts were electrophoresis and showed positive bands of HPV6 specificity zone at 280 bp of the gel,and the intensity of positive bands gradually decreased with increasing antiserum concentration.Protein extracted from human immortalized keratinocytes exposed to anti-serum neutralizing virus was tested by ELISA,and the amount of HPV L1 protein showed the same gradient trend as the above PCR test results,and the difference were statistically significant.Conclusion:It is preliminarily proved that HPV6 L1 conserved sequence polypeptide antisera can partially degrade the infection ability of the virus,and it has the value of studying more HPV neutralization types.

Objective: To investigate the trend in incidence of stroke in Nanshan District, Shenzhen City from 2010 to 2021, so as to provide the evidence for formulating the integrated strategy for stroke control. Methods: The data of stroke morbidity in Nanshan District from 2010 to 2021 were collected through Shenzhen Chronic Disease Prevention and Control Management System. The incidence of stroke was calculated, and standardized by the population of the Chinese Sixth National Census in 2010. The trends in stroke incidence were evaluated in Nanshan District from 2010 to 2021 using annual percent change (APC) and average annual percent change (AAPC), and gender-, age- and subtype-specific incidence of stroke was descriptively analyzed. Results: A total of 30 377 cases with stroke were reported in Nanshan District from 2010 to 2021, with a crude incidence rate of 190.45/105 and a standardized incidence rate of 405.65/105. The crude incidence rate of stroke appeared a tendency towards a rise in Nanshan District from 2010 to 2021 (APC=5.38%, t=4.678, P=0.001), and a higher crude incidence rate of stroke was seen among men than among women (227.57/105 vs. 148.40/105; χ2=1 309.580, P<0.001). The incidence of stroke appeared a tendency towards a rise with age (χ2trend =435.717, P<0.001), and there was a tendency towards a rise in stroke incidence among residents under 40 years of age (APC=2.89%, t=2.538, P=0.029). The crude incidence of ischemic stroke was 151.24/105, which was higher than that of hemorrhagic stroke (39.21/105) (χ2=10 521.000, P<0.001). Conclusions The incidence of stroke appeared a tendency towards a rise in Nanshan District from 2010 to 2021, with ischemic stroke as the predominant subtype of stroke. Males and middle-aged and elderly residents should be given a high priority for stroke prevention and treatment.

Objective: To investigate the status and identify the influencing factors of smoking behaviors among residents in Nanshan District, Shenzhen City, so as to provide insights into tobacco control. Methods: Permanent residents at ages of more than 18 years were recruited from 17 communities in Nanshan District, Shenzhen City using the stratified multistage random sampling method from July to November, 2018. Participants' demographic features, smoking, smoking cessation and exposure to secondhand smoke were collected using the Individual Questionnaire for 2018 Chinese Adult Chronic Disease and Nutrition Surveillance. The factors affecting current smoking were identified using a multivariable logistic regression model. Results: Totally 1 700 questionnaires were allocated, and 1 625 valid questionnaires were recovered, with an effective recovery rate of 95.59%. The respondents included 714 men and 911 women, with a male to female ratio of 1∶1.27, and had a mean age of ( 45.13±13.59 ) years. The prevalence of current smoking was 15.51%, with 28.15% prevalence in men and 5.60% in women. The mean age of starting daily smoke was ( 21.00±5.52 ) years, and the mean daily smoking frequency was (13.53±9.15) cigarettes/d. The prevalence of smoking cessation was 6.58%, with 10.64% in men and 3.40% in women, and the prevalence of exposure to secondhand smoke was 41.42%, including 46.63% in men and 37.32% in women. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that an educational level of junior high school ( OR=1.683, 95%CI: 1.088-2.602 ), an educational level of high school/technical secondary school/vocational school (OR=1.687, 95%CI: 1.185-2.402), an occupation of farmers ( OR=2.514, 95%CI: 1.404-4.500 ), and an occupation of commercial and service personnel ( OR=1.939, 95%CI: 1.093-3.439 ) were associated with current smoking. Conclusion The prevalence of current smoking is low among residents in Nanshan District, but the prevalence of current smoking in women is higher than the national level. Educational level and occupation are main factors affecting current smoking.

Objective To observe the protective effects of carnosic acid on retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) in acute ocular hypertension rats model.Methods Sixty male SPF SD rats (8-12 weeks) were randomly assigned to normal control group,carnosic-acid treated group and model control group with 20 rats for each group.The acute ocular hypertension animal model was induced by the perfusion of normal saline solution into anterior chamber of eyes to elevate the intraocular pressure (IOP) to 110 mmHg for 60 minutes in the rats of the carnosic-acid treated group and model control group,and then the carnosic-acid (dissolving in DMSO) was intraperitoneally injected for consecutive 7 days in the carnosic-acid treated group,and only DMSO was injected in the same way in the model control group.The rates were sacrificed 2 weeks after experiment and retinal sections were prepared for histopathological and apoptotic retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) examination by hemotoxylin & eosin staining and TUNEL staining,and immunofluorescence was employed to examine the survival cell number of RGCs.This study protocol was approved by the Ethic Committee for Experimental Animal of Three Gorges University.Results The retinal morphology and structure were clear in the normal control group.The edema of retinal tissue,loosely arranged RGCs and swollen nucleus were seen in the model control group.In the carnosic-acid treated group,the retinal morphology and structure were regular.The retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness was (32.96±1.63),(58.96± 1.57) and (50.11±2.37)μm,and the apoptotic cell number was (6.92±2.96),(29.85±6.40) and (14.69± 2.98)/field,and the survived cell number was (2 363.17± 148.45),(1 308.67 ±106.02) and (1 614.17 ±96.39) / 0.235 mm2 in the normal control group,model control group and carnosic-acid treated group,respectively,with significant differences among the groups (F =339.284,81.583,122.68,all at P＜0.01).Compared with the normal control group,the RNFL thickness was thickened,the number of apoptotic RGCs was much more and the number of survived RGCs was decreased in the model control group,with significant differences (all at P＜0.01).In the carnosic-acid treated group,the RNFL thickness was thinner,the number of apoptotic RGCs was reduced and the number of survived RGCs was increased in comparison with the normal control group,with significant differences (all at P＜0.01).Conclusions Carnosic-acid plays a protective effect on RGCs by inhibiting the cell apoptosis in acute ocular hypertension rats.

Objective To discuss the effect of preposition of intravenous thrombolysis from ward to emergency in the treatment for patients with acute ischemic stroke. Methods A total of 392 patients with ischemic stroke in Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University from June 2014 to December 2016 were selected in the study. The control group contained 150 cases treated from June 2014 to June 2015, while the experimental group included 242 cases treated from July 2015 to December 2016. Patients in the control group were given intravenous thrombolysis in the ward, and patients in the experimental group received intravenous thrombolysis in the emergency. The Door-to-Needle Time (DNT) were compared between two groups. Results The DNT were (49.74±12.61) min in the experimental group and (114.95±29.48) min in the control group. The difference between two groups was statistically significant (t=16.659,P< 0.001). Conclusions The preposition of intravenous thrombolysis from ward to emergency can shorten the DNT.

Hepatocellular carcinoma ( HCC) is a prevalent primary liver cancer that is driven by cumulative chan-ges in the hepatocyte genome which were influenced by the liver microenvironment .The tumor microenvironment is a dynamic system, including cancer cells, stroma, the extracellular matrix.tissue hypoxia, diet, gastrointestinal tract ( GIT) microflora and circulating microvesicles , The liver microenvironment plays a pivotal role in HCC tu-merigenesis , progression and therapeutic efficienry .The study of the HCC microenvironment will provide new in-sights into the mechanism of tumourigenesis and potential novel targets in the treatment of HCC .

Objective To find out the physical state of the human papillomavirus ( HPV) genome in hepatoma cell line HepG2 cells and the regulation of HPV late capsid protein 1 ( L1) expression and to explore the nature of the cytoryctes in HepG2 cells.Methods E2 and E6 in HPV18 were detected by PCR to evaluate the physical state of HPV18 genome .HepG2 L1 expression was detected by ELISA , light microscropy and electron microscrope immu-nohistochemistry assays , Western blot assay using HPV L 1 mice monoclonal antibody .L1 mRNA in HepG2 cells was detected by reverse transcriptional PCR ( RT-PCR) .Results PCR assay displayed that HPV DNA was inte-grated with HepG2 genome.ELISA assay showed that HPV L1 was present in lysate of HepG2 cells.Light micros-cropy demonstrated strong positive reaction in HepG2 cells.In microscopy, in the cytoplasm of partial HepG2 cells, there were lumpish cytorrhyctes materials which consists of very small and uniform particles and these parti -cles were marked by HPV L1 antibody labeled by colloidal gold .Western blot analysis showed a band at 56 ku dis-trict and it was L1 specific strap which demonstrated HPV 18 L1 was present in HepG2 cells.RT-PCR assay demon-strated the presence of L1 mRNA in HepG2 cells.Conclusions HepG2 cells are HPV18-positive HPV DNA ge-nome is integrated with HepG2 cells.HepG2 cells can express L1.The cytorrhyctes in HepG2 cells are composed of HPV18 L1 indicating that L1 can be expressed in HepG2.

PURPOSE: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an inflammatory joint disorder, the progression of which leads to the destruction of cartilage and bone. Chemokines are involved in RA pathogenesis. In this study, we investigated the chemokine signaling pathway associated with CCL2 in peripheral blood (PB) and synovial tissues (ST) of RA patients based on our previous work about chemokine signaling pathway involved in the activation of CCL2 production in collagen-induced arthritis rat ST. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Total RNA was isolated from PB leukocytes and synovium of the knee joint in both RA patients and control populations. Real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to determine CCL4, CCR5, c-Jun, c-Fos, and CCL2 expressions. Serum level of CCL2 was assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and the production of CCL2 in ST was analyzed immunohistochemically. RESULTS: The expressions of CCL4, CCR5, c-Jun, c-Fos, and CCL2 messenger RNA in RA patients were significantly higher than those in healthy controls, both in ST and on PB leukocyte. Serum CCL2 levels were elevated in RA patients. Histological examination of rheumatoid joints revealed extensive CCL2 expression in RA ST. CONCLUSION: CCL2, CCL4, c-Jun, c-Fos, and CCR5 may play an important role in the recruitment of PB leukocytes into the RA joints. These data provide evidence that the chemokine signaling pathway is involved in CCL2 expression in RA patient tissues, which may contribute to chronic inflammation associated with RA. Targeting this signaling pathway may provide a novel therapeutic avenue in RA.
Adult ; Animals ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid/*blood/metabolism ; Case-Control Studies ; Chemokine CCL2/*blood/metabolism ; Chemokines/metabolism ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Female ; Gene Expression ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; RNA, Messenger/genetics/metabolism ; Rats ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Signal Transduction ; Synovial Membrane/*metabolism

Objective To investigate and detect the immunity characteristics of a conserved sequence including 30 amino residues which is located in the C terminal of HPVL1 .Methods The immune model of mouse was establish with a polypeptide synthetized based on this sequence .The amount of CD3+ ,CD3+CD4+ or CD3+CD8+ lymphocyte of the mouse spleen was detected by Flow cy-tometry ,then the value of CD4+ /CD8+ were calculated .The cell proliferation was detected by MTT assay .Sample was took from the cell supernatant to detect the content of IL-4 and IFN-γby double antibody sandwich ELISA .Results (1)The amount of CD3+CD8+ lymphocytes and the value of CD4+ /CD8+ were significantly increased than control group(P<0 .05) .(2)The result of T cell proliferation showed no significant difference (P>0 .05) .(3)The level of IL 4 were significantly higher than that of control group (P<0 .01) .The content of IFN-γlevel showed no significant difference compared with control group (P>0 .05) .Conclusion The results showed that it was affirmative that the polypeptides induced humoral immunity ,which was worth to be furtherly studied as a preventive vaccine .But its cell immunogenicity is weak ,and the attenmpt to induce the response related to the cell immunogenicity was failed ,and the immunogenicity of the peptide remains to be improved .

China Three Gorges University(CTGU) started undergraduate medical education for foreign students since 2004. Over the years,through continuous interaction with coordinators,CTGU grad-ually transited from passive teaching to active teaching. Firstly we determined basic principles,objectives and requirements of talent training programme. Secondly,we strengthen Chinese language teaching, reasonably adjusted professional curriculum and teaching content,added basic medical courses and rea-sonably arranged clinical practice based on the concrete situation in our country. in order to make the cur-riculum system consistent with the require-ments of talent training.