Objective To assess the effect of platycodin D(PD)for alleviating pulmonary fibrosis in mice and explore the underlying mechanism.Methods C57BL/6J mouse models of pulmonary fibrosis induced by bleomycin injection into the airway were treated with daily intragastric administration of 10 mg/kg PD for 28 days.The changes of pulmonary fibrosis and the expression and distribution of transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily C member 6(TRPC6)were evaluated with immunohistochemistry,HE staining and Sirius Red staining.Western blotting was used to detect α-SMA expression in the lung tissues of the mice.Primary cultures of mouse lung fibroblasts were pretreated with PD(2.5,5.0,and 10 μmol/L)or larixyl acetate(LA;10 μmol/L)before exposure to 10 ng/mL transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1),and the changes in cell survival rate,expressions of collagen I,α-SMA and TRPC6,reactive oxygen species(ROS)production,mitochondrial membrane potential,and cell proliferation capacity were assessed.Network pharmacology analysis was performed to explore the mechanism by which PD alleviated pulmonary fibrosis.Results PD treatment significantly alleviated pulmonary fibrosis and reduced α-SMA expression in BLM-induced mouse models(P<0.05).In TGF-β1-induced primary mouse lung fibroblasts,PD effectively inhibited the cell proliferation,reduced ROS production(P<0.0001),rescued the reduction of mitochondrial membrane potential(P<0.001),and inhibited the expressions of α-SMA and collagenⅠ(P<0.05).Network pharmacology analysis suggested that TRPC6 mediated the effect of PD for alleviating pulmonary fibrosis.Immunohistochemistry showed that PD significantly reduced TRPC6 expression in the lung tissues of BLM-induced mice.In primary mouse lung fibroblasts,PD significantly inhibited TGF-β1-induced TRPC6 expression(P<0.05),and LA treatment obviously lowered the expression levels of TRPC6,α-SMA and collagenⅠ(P<0.05).Conclusion PD alleviated pulmonary fibrosis in mice possibly by down-regulating TRPC6 and reducing ROS production.

Objective To assess the effect of platycodin D(PD)for alleviating pulmonary fibrosis in mice and explore the underlying mechanism.Methods C57BL/6J mouse models of pulmonary fibrosis induced by bleomycin injection into the airway were treated with daily intragastric administration of 10 mg/kg PD for 28 days.The changes of pulmonary fibrosis and the expression and distribution of transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily C member 6(TRPC6)were evaluated with immunohistochemistry,HE staining and Sirius Red staining.Western blotting was used to detect α-SMA expression in the lung tissues of the mice.Primary cultures of mouse lung fibroblasts were pretreated with PD(2.5,5.0,and 10 μmol/L)or larixyl acetate(LA;10 μmol/L)before exposure to 10 ng/mL transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1),and the changes in cell survival rate,expressions of collagen I,α-SMA and TRPC6,reactive oxygen species(ROS)production,mitochondrial membrane potential,and cell proliferation capacity were assessed.Network pharmacology analysis was performed to explore the mechanism by which PD alleviated pulmonary fibrosis.Results PD treatment significantly alleviated pulmonary fibrosis and reduced α-SMA expression in BLM-induced mouse models(P<0.05).In TGF-β1-induced primary mouse lung fibroblasts,PD effectively inhibited the cell proliferation,reduced ROS production(P<0.0001),rescued the reduction of mitochondrial membrane potential(P<0.001),and inhibited the expressions of α-SMA and collagenⅠ(P<0.05).Network pharmacology analysis suggested that TRPC6 mediated the effect of PD for alleviating pulmonary fibrosis.Immunohistochemistry showed that PD significantly reduced TRPC6 expression in the lung tissues of BLM-induced mice.In primary mouse lung fibroblasts,PD significantly inhibited TGF-β1-induced TRPC6 expression(P<0.05),and LA treatment obviously lowered the expression levels of TRPC6,α-SMA and collagenⅠ(P<0.05).Conclusion PD alleviated pulmonary fibrosis in mice possibly by down-regulating TRPC6 and reducing ROS production.

Objective:To investigate the changes of dynamic functional brain network connectivity in patients with Parkinson disease(PD) using Hidden Markov model(HMM), and to analyze the correlation between dynamic functional parameters and clinical parameters.Methods:Forty-eight PD patients(PD group) and thirty-three healthy controls(HC group) were included from 2019 to 2023. The cognitive function was assessed using the Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA), and motor status was assessed using the unified Parkinson's disease rating scale Ⅲ(UPDRS-Ⅲ) in PD group.HMM technique was used to analyze the dynamic functional brain network connectivity, and the dynamic higher-order index fractional occupancy(FO), switching rate(SR), and mean dwell time(MDT) were obtained. Two independent samples t-test was used to calculate the differences between groups of functional connectivity matrices in different states, and Mann-Whitney U test was used to calculate the differences between groups of dynamic higher-order indicators in different states. Spearman correlation analysis was used to calculate the correlation between dynamic higher-order parameters and clinical parameters in the PD group. Results:The HMM was used to construct 6 spatial states for all subjects.MDT was significantly higher in PD group(24.93(19.73)) in state 1 sparse junctions than that in HC group(17.63(14.80)) ( Z=-2.030, P=0.042), but significantly lower MDT was showed in PD group(6.00(3.00)) in state 5 tight junctions than that in HC group(9.75(7.70)) ( Z=-2.210, P=0.027).FO in state 3 was negatively correlated with MoCA score in PD group( r=-0.331, P=0.022).FO in state 5 was positively correlated with UPDRS-Ⅲ score in PD patients( r=0.412, P=0.004), and MDT in state 5 was positively correlated with UPDRS-Ⅲ score( r=0.448, P=0.001). Conclusion:HMM can capture the transient changes of dynamic brain network, which can provide some value for the study of dynamic brain network in patients with Parkinson disease.

Animals ; Humans ; Thymic Stromal Lymphopoietin ; Pyroglyphidae/metabolism* ; Cytokines/metabolism* ; Asthma/metabolism* ; Respiratory System ; Epithelial Cells/metabolism*

In order to improve the teaching quality of engineering courses, we introduced a multi-dimensional teaching method into the teaching reform of biology majors in colleges based on the portfolio assessment in the curriculum of Cell Engineering. We reformed the knowledge system, teaching form and implementation scheme of this course. By combining the reform of online teaching, interactive teaching, case teaching and other teaching modes, the students mastered the relevant professional knowledge and the scientific and technological frontier of Cell Engineering. Moreover, their learning interest and enthusiasm, ability of analyzing and solving professional problems related to Cell Engineering also improved. The implementation of teaching reform of this course provides a reference for other similar professional courses in colleges.
Humans ; Curriculum ; Students ; Learning ; Cell Engineering

Objective:To investigate the safety and feasibility of the CHESS endoscpic ruler (CHESS ruler), and the consistency between the measured values and the interpretation values by endoscopic physician experience.Methods:From January 2021 to January 2022, a total of 105 liver cirrhosis patients with portal hypertension were prospectively enrolled from General Hospital, Xixia Branch Hospital, Ningnan Hospital of People′s Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region (29 cases), and the First People′s Hospital of Yinchuan (25 cases), General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University (18 cases), Wuzhong People′s Hospital (10 cases), the Fifth People′s Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region (10 cases), Shizuishan Second People′s Hospital (6 cases), Yinchuan Second People′s Hospital (5 cases), and Zhongwei People′s Hospital (2 cases) 8 hospitals. The clinical characteristics of all the patients, including gender, age, nationality, etiolog of liver cirrhosis, and Child-Pugh classification of liver function were recorded. A big gastroesophageal varices was defined as diameter of varices ≥5 mm. Endoscopist (associated chief physician) performed gastroscopy according to the routine gastroscopy procedures, and the diameter of the biggest esophageal varices was measured by experience and images were collected, and then objective measurement was with the CHESS ruler and images were collected. The diameter of esophageal varices of 10 randomly selected patients (random number table method) was determined by 6 endoscopists (attending physician or associated chief physician) with experience or measured by CHESS ruler. Kappa test was used to test the consistency in the diameter of esophageal varices between measured values by CHESS ruler and the interpretation values by endoscopic physician experience.Results:Among 105 liver cirrhosis patients with portal hypertension, male 65 cases and female 40 cases, aged (54.8±12.2) years old, Han nationality 82 cases, Hui nationality 21 cases and Mongolian nationality 2 cases. The etiology of liver cirrhosis included chronic hepatitis B (79 cases), alcoholic liver disease (7 cases), autoimmune hepatitis (7 cases), chronic hepatitis C (2 cases), and other etiology (10 cases). Liver function of 32 cases was Child-Pugh A, Child-Pugh B 57 cases, and Child-Pugh C 16 cases. All 105 liver cirrhosis patients with cirrhotic portal hypertension were successfully measured the diameter of gastroesophageal varices by CHESS ruler, and the success rate of application of CHESS ruler was 100.0% (105/105). The procedure time from the CHESS ruler into the body to the exit of the body after measurement was (3.50±2.55) min. No complications happened in all the patients during measurement. Among 105 liver cirrhosis patients with cirrhotic portal hypertension, 96 cases (91.4%) were recognized as big gastroesophageal varices by the endoscopists. Totally 93 cases (88.6%) were considered as big gastroesophageal varices by CHESS ruler. Eight cases were recognized as big gastroesophageal varices by the endoscopist, however not by the CHESS ruler; 5 cases were recognized as big gastroesophageal varices by the CHESS ruler, but not by the endoscopists; 4 cases were not recognized as big gastroesophageal varices both by the endoscopists and CHESS ruler; 88 cases were recognized as big gastroesophageal varices both by the endoscopists and CHESS ruler. The missed diagnostic rate of big gastroesophageal varices by the endoscopists experience was 5.4% (5/93), and the Kappa value of consistency coefficient between the measurement by the CHESS ruler and the interpretation by endoscopists experience was 0.31 (95% confidence interval 0.03 to 0.60). The overall Kappa value of consistency coefficient by 6 endoscopists measured by CHESS ruler in big gastroesophageal varices diagnosis was 0.77 (95% confidence interval 0.61 to 0.93).Conclusion:As an objective measurement tool, CHESS ruler can make up for the deficiency of subjective judgment by endoscopists, accurately measure the diameter of gastroesophageal varices, and is highly feasible and safe.

This study compared the effects on bone metabolism and morphology of pathological obesity induced by excessive fat intake in a non-hibernator (mice) versus healthy obesity due to pre-hibernation fattening in a hibernator (ground squirrels). Kunming mice were fed a high-fat diet to provide a model of pathological obesity (OB group). Daurian ground squirrels fattened naturally in their pre-hibernation season (PRE group) were used as a healthy obesity model. Micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) and three-point bending tests were used to determine the microstructure and mechanical properties of bone. Western blots were used to analyze protein expression levels related to bone metabolism (Runt-related transcription factor 2 (RunX2), osteocalcin (OCN), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), osteoprotegerin (OPG), receptor activator of nuclear factor-‍κB ligand (RANKL), cathepsin K, matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP9), patched protein homolog 1 (Ptch1), phosphorylated β‍-‍catenin (P‍-‍β‍-‍catenin), and glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β)). Compared with controls, there was no obvious bone loss in the OB mice, and the stiffness of the femur was increased significantly. Compared with summer active squirrels, bone formation was enhanced but the mechanical properties did not change in the PRE group squirrels. In OB mice, western blots showed significantly increased expression levels of all proteins except RunX2, OPG, and Ptch1. PRE ground squirrels showed significantly increased expression of most proteins except OCN and Ptch1, which decreased significantly, and P‍-‍β‍-‍catenin and OPG, which did not change. In conclusion, for non-hibernating mice, moderate obesity had a certain protective effect on bones, demonstrating two-way regulation, increasing both bone loss and bone formation. For pre-hibernating ground squirrels, the healthy obesity acquired before hibernation had a positive effect on the microstructure of bones, and also enhanced the expression levels of proteins related to bone formation, bone resorption, and Wnt signaling.
Mice ; Animals ; Hibernation ; Core Binding Factor Alpha 1 Subunit/metabolism* ; Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta/metabolism* ; Diet, High-Fat ; X-Ray Microtomography ; Sciuridae/metabolism* ; Obesity

Objective : The CRISPR / dCas9-SAM system was used to explore genes related to the proliferation of gastric cancer cells AGS，and their role in the occurrence and development of gastric cancer was analyzed． Methods : sgRNA was designed for genes with differential expression between gastric cancer and normal gastric tissue， and a lentiviral library was obtained after packaging was constructed．The AGS cells at different time points after the library was infected with AGS cells were used as the screening pressure，and the AGS cells at three time points on days 0，7 and 14 were collected．High-throughput sequencing analyzed sgRNA enrichment in AGS cells at dif- ferent time points after infection to obtain differential genes related to AGS cell proliferation. Results : Bioinformat- ics showed that compared with the 0 d group，42 and 45 negative screening differential genes and 59 and 40 posi- tive screening differential genes were obtained in the 7 d group and 14 d group，respectively．Among them，the 7 d group and the 14 d group had 11 genes in the negative screening and the positive screening． Conclusion In this study，11 genes inhibiting the proliferation of AGS cells were screened，of which 5 were protein-coding genes and 6 were long non-coding RNA ( lncRNA ) genes． 11 candidate genes that promoted AGS cell proliferation were screened，of which 3 were protein-coding genes and 8 were lncRNA genes．It laid a foundation for further function- al verification and comprehensive analysis of the occurrence and development process of gastric cancer.

Objective To study the relative risk factors of simultaneous gastric and colonic polyps,pro-vide theoretical basis for simultaneous gastrointestinal endoscopy monitoring for high-risk population. Methods Retrospective analysis on the patients with a total of 506 cases in the department of gastroenterology of Zhujiang Hospital from 2014 to 2016 and diagnosis gastric polyps or colonic polyps. Adopt cases-control research,the pa-tients(138)with gastric polyps and colonic polyps were divided into case group,the patients(99)with gastric polyps or colonic polyps(269)were divided into control group.Results The colonic polyps group is mainly com-posed of male(69.1%);while gastric polyps group is mainly composed of female(76.8%);The proportion of the patients over 50 years old with gastrointestinal polyp is higher(81.9%).The proportion of Hp infection in the colon-ic polyps group is higher(43.1%),followed by the cases group(31.9%).The composition of the pathological types between gastric polyps group,colonic polyps group and cases group is similar,while there is no correlation on the pathological types between gastric polyps and colonic polyps in the cases group. Conclusion The male patients who diagnosis gastric polyps should perform colonoscopy,the gastric polyps patients who is Hp infection should per-form colonoscopy,the patients over 50 years old are suggested to perform gastrointestinal endoscopy. There is no correlation on the pathological types between gastric polyps and colonic polyps,further studies will be conducted to expand the study sample size.

Objective To investigate the impact of 1,25(OH)2D3 on histological changes and activation of STAT3 in BLM?induced pulmonary fibrosis mice. Methods 30 male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into control group ,BLM group and BLM+VD group. Mice in BLM group and BLM+VD group received intratracheal injection of BLM(3 U/kg). Control group were intratracheally injected equal volume of sterile saline. From the first day after the surgery,mice in BLM+VD group received intraperitoneal injection of VD (5μg/kg·d). After 21 days, H&E and Masson′s trichrome staining were carried out. Aschroft score were used to evaluate histological changes in lungs. IL?6,IL?4 and INF?γin BALF were assessed by Elisa. p?STAT3,α?SMA and Collagen I were detected by western blot (WB) and immunohistochemistry. Results Fibrosis score and level of α?SMA,Collagen I in BLM group were significantly higher than that in control group (P < 0.05). However ,treatment with VD effectively at?tenuated fibrosis (P<0.05). IL?6 and IL?4 increased while INF?γwas decreased in BALF of BLM group (P<0.05). VD could ameliorate these changes. Upregulation and neuclear translocation of p?STAT3 were observed in BLM group,while VD intervention could inhibit phosphorylation of STAT3. Conclusions VD attenuate BLM?induced pulmonary fibrosis and regulate inflammatory cytokines probably by blocking STAT3 activation.