Objective:To understand the loss to follow-up of children born to pregnant women with HIV infection (HIV-exposed children) and analyze its influencing factors in China in 2019.Methods:The data were collected from the follow-up records of pregnant women with HIV infection and their children reported by the national "Management Information System for the Prevention of HIV, syphilis and Hepatitis B Mother-to-Child Transmission" in 2019. HIV-exposed children were defined as those who were not followed up after birth or who were not followed up at 18 months of age and who were not followed up at 21 months of age. The univariate and multivariate influencing factors of loss to follow-up of children born to HIV-infected pregnant women were analyzed by χ2 test and logistic regression model. SPSS 25.0 software was used for statistical analysis. Results:The number of HIV-infected pregnant women was 5 039, the number of live-born children was 5 035, the number of loss to follow-up children within 18 months of age was 283, and the loss to follow-up rate children was 5.62%(283/5 035). The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the rate of loss to follow-up of exposed children born to pregnant women who worked as farmers (animal husbandry and fishery) (a OR=0.34, 95% CI: 0.22-0.53), unmarried (a OR=0.47, 95% CI: 0.24-0.93), first marriage (a OR=0.38, 95% CI: 0.22-0.67), remarriage (a OR=0.36, 95% CI: 0.20-0.67) and cohabiting (a OR=0.47, 95% CI: 0.23-0.97), and knew they had HIV infection before this pregnancy (a OR=0.53, 95% CI: 0.40-0.70) was lower. Han nationality (a OR=1.52, 95% CI: 1.09-2.13), primary school (a OR=2.06, 95% CI: 1.10-3.89) and junior middle school (a OR=1.81, 95% CI: 1.03-3.17) educational level, non-use of antiviral drugs (a OR=6.21, 95% CI: 4.32-8.93) and delivery in township (street) level midwifery institutions (a OR=5.72, 95% CI: 1.61-20.27) had higher rates of loss to follow-up among infants born to HIV-infected pregnant women. Conclusions:HIV-exposed children still have a specific rate of loss to follow-up in China in 2019. In order to further reduce the rate of loss to follow-up, it is of great significance to improve the detection rate of HIV before pregnancy and the rate of antiviral drugs used in pregnant women with HIV infection, which is of great significance for the effective implementation of comprehensive intervention measures of prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV.

Objective To establish the drug use evaluation(DUE)criteria for aspirin enteric-coated tablets and provide a reference for the rationally clinical application of aspirin enteric-coated tablets.Methods DUE criteria for aspirin enteric-coated tablets were established from three aspects of indications,medications and medication results with reference to drug instructions of aspirin enteric-coated tablets,related guidelines,expert consensus and literature,and through Delphi method.A retrospective analysis was conducted to evaluate the medical records of patients who took aspirin enteric-coated tablets from January 2021 to June 2022 in Fuqing Hospital affiliated to Fujian Medical University.Results A total of 1 071 medical records were included.683 cases fully met the DUE criteria,with a rational rate of 63.77％.Irrational drug use mainly included inappropriate indications(6.26％),off-label drug use without approval(28.48％),contraindications(1.03％),inappropriate usage and dosage(1.68％),drug interactions with potential clinical significance(0.65％)and other inappropriate drug use(2.71％).Conclusion The established DUE standard for aspirin enteric-coated tablets has strong scientific practicability and feasibility.The irrational rate of aspirin enteric-coated tablets in this hospital is high.Corresponding intervention measures should be formulated to ensure the safety of clinical medication.

Objective To investigate the construction and value of radiation pneumonitis(RP)predic-tive model based on machine learning algorithm.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clin-ical data in 77 patients with breast cancer receiving radiotherapy and regular follow-up in this hospital from August 2019 to September 2022.The affected side lung was delineated on the localization CT as the area of in-terest and the radiomics features were extracted,meanwhile the affected side lung dosimetric parameters were extracted.After feature screening,the patients were divided into the training set and testing set by a 7∶3 rati-o.The features of positioning CT radiomics were extracted and combined with the dosimetry parameters of the affected side lung,and the model was established by using stochastic gradient descent(SGD)algorithm.The performance of the model was validated by using the area under the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve(AUC)and decision curve analysis(DCA).Results Among 77 patients,24 cases developed RP after ra-diotherapy end with an incidence rate of 31.17％.Compared with the patients without RP occurrence,V5,V10,V15,V20,V25,V30 and mean lung dose(MLD)in the patients with RP occurrence were higher,and the differ-ence was statistically significant(P＜0.05).In the training set,36 cases did not develop RP.17 cases devel-oped RP,in the testing set,17 cases did not develop RP and 7 cases developed RP.The affected side lung dosi-metric parameters had no statistical difference between the training set and testing set with and without RP occurrence(P＞0.05).After characteristics screening,the 8 optimal characteristics combinations were finally obtained.The average AUC of SGD model in 50％off cross-validation of the training set was 0.900 and AUC in the test set was 0.882.Conclusion The positioning CT radiomics features combined with dosimetry param-eters of the affected side lung has the good predictive value for RP after breast cancer radiotherapy.

Objective To investigate the impact of salpingectomy with preservation of fallopian tube mesentery on ovarian reserve function. Methods A total of 281 patients with tubal disease who were admitted from January 2020 to March 2021 were collected as research objects. According to the different treatment methods, they were divided into traditional bilateral resection group (n=53, conventional bilateral salpingectomy), traditional unilateral resection group (n=56, conventional unilateral salpingectomy), preservation of bilateral resection group (n=60, bilateral salpingectomy with preservation of fallopian tube mesentery), preservation of unilateral resection group (n=54, unilateral salpingectomy with preservation of fallopian tube mesentery), and control group[n=58, patients with in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) but no history of salpingectomy]. The operation time, intraoperative blood loss, and postoperative exhaust time were compared among the groups. Two months after the operation, IVF-ET was performed, and the number of follicles and oocytes, pregnancy rate, and fertilization rate were detected. The levels of anti-mullerian hormone (AMH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), estradiol (E₂), and luteinizing hormone (LH) in peripheral blood were detected after IVF-ET. Follow-up was conducted until March 2023, and pregnancy success rates were recorded for the five groups. Results There were no significant differences in perioperative operation time, intraoperative blood loss, and postoperative exhaust time among traditional bilateral resection group, traditional unilateral resection group, preservation of bilateral resection group, preservation of unilateral resection group (P>0.05). After IVF-ET, there were significant differences in AMH, FSH, E₂, and LH levels among the five groups (P < 0.05). The levels of AMH and E₂ in a rising sequence were traditional bilateral resection group, traditional unilateral resection group, preservation of bilateral resection group, preservation of unilateral resection group and control group, while the levels of FSH and LH in descending sequencing were traditional bilateral resection group, traditional unilateral resection group, preservation of bilateral resection group, preservation of unilateral resection group and control group. Follow-up was conducted until March 2023, and the pregnancy success rates after IVF-ET were 45.28%, 50.00%, 53.33%, 59.26%, and 58.62% in the traditional bilateral resection group, traditional unilateral resection group, preservation of bilateral resection group, preservation of unilateral resection group, and control group, respectively. There was no significant difference in pregnancy success rate after IVF-ET among the five groups (χ²=3.044, P=0.551). Conclusion Compared with traditional salpingectomy, salpingectomy with preservation of fallopian tube mesentery has less impact on ovarian reserve function.

Objective:To use quantitative computed tomography (QCT) technology to measure the bone mineral density of the spine of the Chinese healthy population, and to explore its correlation with hemoglobin and serum albumin.Methods:The data in this study came from the China Health Quantitative CT Big Data Project (China Biobank). The spine bone density was measured by using QCT Pro Image Analysis System and all cooperating centers used the European spine phantom (NO.145) for quality control. Total of 50 053 healthy persons who met the criteria for entry were selected as the research subjects. The subjects were divided into 7 groups according to age. The general data, spine bone density, serum albumin, hemoglobin of the subjects were collected. The single-factor analysis of variance, Pearson correlation analysis and multi-classification logistic regression model were applied to analyze the correlation between bone density and hemoglobin and serum albumin.Results:The bone mineral density of healthy people decreased with age ( P<0.05), and there were significant differences in hemoglobin, serum albumin and body mass index (BMI) among different age groups (all P<0.05). Linear correlation analysis showed that there were positive correlation between bone mineral density and hemoglobin in healthy males in different age groups ( r=0.086, 0.101, 0.076, 0.090, 0.072, 0.123, 0.100, all P<0.01). There were negative correlation between bone mineral density and hemoglobin in certain age groups in women (40-49 years group: r=-0.027; 70-79 yearsgroup: r=-0.077; both P<0.05). And corelation were found between bone mineral density and serum levels of albumin in certain age groups of healthy subjects (among men, 30-39 years group: r=-0.048; 40-49 years group, r=-0.027; 70-79 years group, r=-0.051; among women, 30-39 years group: r=-0.044; 40-49 years group, r=-0.042; 50-59 years group, r=-0.086; 70-79 years group, r=-0.070; all P<0.05). After adjusting for age and BMI, the multi-category logistic regression analysis showed that the hemoglobin level was protective factor of normal bone density ( OR=1.022, 95% CI:1.017-1.027) and decreased bone density ( OR=1.012, 95% CI:1.007-1.016) in healthy males, and the serum albumin was risk factor for normal bone density ( OR=0.926, 95% CI:0.905-0.948) and decreased bone density ( OR=1.006, 95% CI:0.951-1.011) in healthy women. Conclusion:There is a correlation between bone mineral density and hemoglobin and serum albumin in Chinese healthy population. Hemoglobin is a protective factor for bone mineral density in men, and serum albumin is a risk factor for bone mineral densityin women.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the carrier rate for common recessive genetic diseases in Chenzhou region in order to provide a reference for carrier screening in this region. METHODS: Targeted capture and high-throughput sequencing were carried out to detect potential variants of 79 genes associated with 88 recessive genetic diseases. Couples at risk were provided with prenatal diagnosis upon their subsequent pregnancies. RESULTS: A total of 1314 individuals were enrolled, among whom 355 (27.02%) were found to be carrier for at least one disease. The carrier rates for 8 diseases have exceeded 1%, with the most common two including thalassemia (11.72%, 154/1314) and autosomal recessive deafness (5.48%, 72/1314). Ten couples were found to be at risk for producing affected offspring. Among these, five females were carriers for X-linked recessive genetic diseases. Following genetic counseling, seven couples had accepted prenatal diagnosis, and 3 affected fetuses were diagnosed. CONCLUSION The disease types and pathogenic variants of Chenzhou region have differed from previously reported. Further research is required to validate the above finding with a larger populations.
Female ; Pregnancy ; Humans ; China ; Prenatal Diagnosis ; Fetus ; Genetic Counseling ; Genetic Diseases, X-Linked

Objective:To evaluate the airway and voice quality improvement in patients with bilateral vocal fold paralysis (BVFP) who underwent selective laryngeal reinnervation surgery.Methods:From January 2012 to December 2016, a retrospective study was conducted in 39 patients with BVFP who underwent selective laryngeal reinnervation surgery in Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Navy Medical University. All patients were examined by videostroboscopy, vocal function assessment, laryngeal electromyography and pulmonary function test before and after the surgery, and followed up for at least 2 years to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the surgery.Wilcoxon signed rank test was used to analyze the G score and VHI-10 score data. Paired t-test was used to analyze acoustic parameters, MPT values and pulmonary function parameters. Results:Postoperative infection and hemorrhage occurred in one patient separately.Videostroboscopic videos showed that at 4-8 months postoperatively, vocal folds in 35 patients achieved moderate or severe abduction during inspiration, 2 patients only achieved mild abduction, 2 patients showed no abduction,while all patients achieved adduction in bilateral vocal cords during phonation. The recovery rate of moderate-to-severe abduction was 89.7% (35/39), and these patients were decannulated successfully. At 12 months after operation, G score and VHI-10 score were significantly lower than those before operation ( P<0.05), and the acoustic parameters jitter, shimmer, HNR and MPT were significantly improved ( P<0.05). Most of the parameters of the pulmonary function test at 3 months postoperatively returned to the normal reference level, while the maximum inspiratory pressure (PImax) at 12 months after operation was still slightly lower than the normal level, but it was significantly improved compared with preoperative value ( P<0.05). The EMG data at 12 months postoperatively showed full interference potentials in 37 patients in bilateral posterior cricoarytenoid muscles during inspiration, and full interference potentials in bilateralthyroarytenoid muscles during phonation. Obvious misdirected regeneration electric activitieswere found in two of them. Potentials in posterior cricoarytenoid muscle were weak in 2 cases with poor abduction. During long-term follow-up, only one case showed decreased abduction, but did not affect respiratory function. Conclusions:The selective laryngeal reinnervation procedure applied in the present study can restore physiological motion of vocal cords. The success rate was high, the curative effect was stable, and the complications were rare. It is worth of promotion.

Objective: To study the alterations of mitochondrial biological characteristics during both cellular replicative and premature senescence induced by hydrogen peroxide in human embryonic lung fibroblasts (HEFs). Methods: The premature senescence was induced by 400 μmol/L H₂O₂ once a day at the same time and with 2 hours each time, after four consecutive days the premature senescence models were classified into premature senescence initiation group (PSi) and premature senescence persistence group (PSp). Based on the life span of HEFs, the cell replicative senescence was divided into five groups included young-age (22 PDL), middle-age (35 PDL), replicative senescence (49 PDL), PSi and PSp. The mitochondrial distribution, relative content, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) contents, 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) levels, the relative mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) as well as mitochondrial DNA methyltransferase 1 (mtDNMT1) mRNA levels, mtDNA copy number, the relative TFAM protein level and the total enzyme activity of mitochondrial DNA methyltransferases (mtDNMTs) were detected in five senescence groups. Results: The mtDNA copy number, 8-OHdG contents, level of mtDNMT1 mRNA and mtDNMTs activity in 49 PDL group were higher than those in 22 PDL group (all P values <0.05); The level of 8-OHdG in PSi was higher than that in 22 PDL group (P<0.05); The ATP contents, mtDNA copy number, the mRNA and protein expression levels of TFAM and mtDNMTs activity of PSp were higher than those in 22 PDL group (all P values<0.05). Conclusion During the cellular senescence of HEFs, the higher mtDNA copy number and mtDNMTs activity were common features regardless of replicative or premature senescence, with possibility that oxidative stress was involved in modifying the occurrence of premature senescence.

Objective To study the alterations of mitochondrial biological characteristics during both cellular replicative and premature senescence induced by hydrogen peroxide in human embryonic lung fibroblasts (HEFs). Methods The premature senescence was induced by 400 μmol/L H2O2 once a day at the same time and with 2 hours each time, after four consecutive days the premature senescence models were classified into premature senescence initiation group (PSi) and premature senescence persistence group (PSp). Based on the life span of HEFs, the cell replicative senescence was divided into five groups included young-age (22 PDL), middle?age (35 PDL), replicative senescence (49 PDL), PSi and PSp. The mitochondrial distribution, relative content, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) contents, 8?hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8?OHdG) levels, the relative mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) as well as mitochondrial DNA methyltransferase 1 (mtDNMT1) mRNA levels, mtDNA copy number, the relative TFAM protein level and the total enzyme activity of mitochondrial DNA methyltransferases (mtDNMTs) were detected in five senescence groups. Results The mtDNA copy number, 8?OHdG contents, level of mtDNMT1 mRNA and mtDNMTs activity in 49 PDL group were higher than those in 22 PDL group (all P values<0.05); The level of 8?OHdG in PSi was higher than that in 22 PDL group (P<0.05); The ATP contents, mtDNA copy number, the mRNA and protein expression levels of TFAM and mtDNMTs activity of PSp were higher than those in 22 PDL group (all P values<0.05). Conclusion During the cellular senescence of HEFs, the higher mtDNA copy number and mtDNMTs activity were common features regardless of replicative or premature senescence, with possibility that oxidative stress was involved in modifying the occurrence of premature senescence.

Objective To study the alterations of mitochondrial biological characteristics during both cellular replicative and premature senescence induced by hydrogen peroxide in human embryonic lung fibroblasts (HEFs). Methods The premature senescence was induced by 400 μmol/L H2O2 once a day at the same time and with 2 hours each time, after four consecutive days the premature senescence models were classified into premature senescence initiation group (PSi) and premature senescence persistence group (PSp). Based on the life span of HEFs, the cell replicative senescence was divided into five groups included young-age (22 PDL), middle?age (35 PDL), replicative senescence (49 PDL), PSi and PSp. The mitochondrial distribution, relative content, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) contents, 8?hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8?OHdG) levels, the relative mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) as well as mitochondrial DNA methyltransferase 1 (mtDNMT1) mRNA levels, mtDNA copy number, the relative TFAM protein level and the total enzyme activity of mitochondrial DNA methyltransferases (mtDNMTs) were detected in five senescence groups. Results The mtDNA copy number, 8?OHdG contents, level of mtDNMT1 mRNA and mtDNMTs activity in 49 PDL group were higher than those in 22 PDL group (all P values<0.05); The level of 8?OHdG in PSi was higher than that in 22 PDL group (P<0.05); The ATP contents, mtDNA copy number, the mRNA and protein expression levels of TFAM and mtDNMTs activity of PSp were higher than those in 22 PDL group (all P values<0.05). Conclusion During the cellular senescence of HEFs, the higher mtDNA copy number and mtDNMTs activity were common features regardless of replicative or premature senescence, with possibility that oxidative stress was involved in modifying the occurrence of premature senescence.