To summanze the nursing points of enterostomy among 6 children with small intestinal transplantation,which could provide references for clinical nursing.Key points:to set up a multidisciplinary team and develop an observation plan about enterostomy;to monitor the blood circulation of enterostomy closely,so as to identify the vascular complications as soon as possible;to closely observe the excrement of enterostomy and being vigilant for rejection reaction;to select reasonable nursing supplies based on the situation of enterostomy;to treat the abdominal incision fluid leakage timely,and pay attention to protect the skin around the enterostomy and take measures to control infection;furthermore,to attach great importance to continuous nursing care and improve the quality of home care.After above careful treatment,all the 6 children survived;they were discharged from hospital 3～4 months later after the operation of enterostomy restoration.Followed up 2～4 months,6 children recovered well.

Objective:To explore the application of photoplethysmography (iPPG) for contactless vital signs monitoring in the intensive care unit (ICU).Methods:Ten tracheostomy patients in intensive care had their heart rate, oxygen saturation, and diastolic and systolic pressures monitored using iPPG technology and a 24-hour bedside monitor. The readings included periods at rest, during turning, during suctioning, and when undergoing vigorous physical therapy and occupational therapy. The monitoring lasted 3 consecutive days. The data collected by the two methods were compared to analyze the accuracy of the contactless vital signs monitoring system.Results:The oxygen saturation readings of the two systems showed no significant differences. The heart rates, diastolic pressures, and systolic pressures did, however, differ significantly.Conclusions:In the situations tested, contactless monitoring of oxygen saturation is effective, but there is still significant room for improvement in the three indicators of heart rate, systolic pressure, and diastolic pressure.

ObjectiveTo investigate the in-brace and short-term correction of 3D-printed scoliosis orthoses. MethodsFrom July to December 2021, 36 patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis from Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine were selected to complete full-length radiographs of the spine before and immediately after wearing the orthosis. They wore the orthosis more than 20 hours a day, and took radiographs six months later. Cobb angle was calculated. They were assessed with Chinese version of the Scoliosis Research Society's outcomes instrument 22 (SRS-22) before wearing and six months follow-up. ResultsThe mean Cobb angle was (22.10±6.29)° before wearing, and it was (7.85±10.90)° immediately after wearing (t = 4.775, P < 0.01) and (14.33±0.74)° six months follow-up (t = 4.189, P < 0.01). The score of functional status of SRS-22 increased six months follow-up (Z = -2.676, P < 0.01). The Cobb angle immediately after wearing correlated with the Cobb angle six months follow-up (r = 0.826, P < 0.05). Conclusion3D-printed scoliosis orthoses can correct the scoliosis satisfactorily, in-brace and in short-term.

Objective:To investigate the correlation between CD133 expression and clinicopathological features in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients, and the impact of CD133 on prognosis in these patients.Methods:Data of 70 patients who received surgical treatment in our center from Jan. 2008 to Dec. 2012 were collected. Immunohistochemistry was used to examine the expression of CD133. Patients were divided into two groups according to CD133 expression. Univariate analysis, Cox and Logistic regression multivariate analysis were used in order to investigate the correlation between CD133 expression and clinicopathological features. Kaplan-Meier curve and Log-rank analysis were used to evaluate DFS (disease-free survival) and OS (overall survival) .Results:CD133 was expressed in cytomembrane and cytoplasm with expression rate of 95.71% (67/70) . Of which, 64.29% (45/70) of patients were low CD133 expression and 35.71% (25/70) were high expression. High CD133 expression was significantly correlated with younger age (≤50) ( P=0.007) and larger tumor size (>2 cm) ( P=0.020) . Tumor size ( P=0.035) , axillary status ( P=0.001) , Ki67 ( P=0.005) and CD133 expression ( P=0.014) were independent predictors of recurrence and metastasis in TNBC patients. Axillary status was independent predictor of death event ( P=0.008) . Increased CD133 was associated with poor prognosis. Compared with high expression, patients with low CD133 expression had better DFS ( P=0.002) and OS ( P=0.088) , while OS did not reach significant difference. Conclusion:CD133 expression was correlated with age and tumor size in TNBC patients. High expression was associated with recurrence, metastasis and poor prognosis. Thus, CD133 may be a potential biomarker in predicting prognosis in TNBC.

Objective:To investigate the clinical significance of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and its receptor (GnRHR) expression in breast cancer.Methods:GnRH and GnRHR expression data in The Cancer Genomes Atlas (TCGA) database and its clinical information were downloaded. Statistically assessed was performed for relationship with clinicopathological factors and prognosis.Results:The expression of GnRH in breast cancer tissues was lower than that in normal breast tissue (0.42 vs 1.27, P=0.000) , and it was correlated with age ( P=0.046) , race ( P=0.000) , lymphnode status ( P=0.003) , ER ( P=0.000) , PR ( P=0.000) , and HER2 ( P=0.000) . The GnRH expression was higher in patients whose age ≤55 years, black or African American, lymphnode negative, ER negative, PR negative, and HER2 negative. Survival analysis suggested that the Overall Survival (OS) in GnRH high expression group was better than in low expression group ( P=0.018) . The expression of GnRHR in breast cancer tissues was similar to normal breast tissue (0.08 vs 0.07, P=0.778) , and it was correlated with age ( P=0.031) , race ( P=0.000) , ER ( P=0.000) , PR ( P=0.000) , and HER2 ( P=0.030) . The GnRHR expression was higher in patients whose age >55 years, white, ER positive, PR positive, and HER2 negative. There was no significant difference in OS between GnRHR high expression group and low expression group ( P=0.719) . Subgroup analysis showed that OS in GnRHR high expression group was better than in low expression group ( P=0.028) in the triple negative breast cancer subgroup, while GnRHR was not associated with OS in the non-triple negative subgroup ( P=0.976) . Conclusion:The expressions of GnRH and GnRHR are correlated with some clinicopathological parameters of breast cancer, and the prognosis of oreast cancer (especially triple negative breast cancer) . The GnRH and GnRHR signaling pathways maybe have tumor suppressor activity.

Objective To investigate the mechanism of AR/let-7 signaling pathway in inhibiting the proliferation of TNBC and its significance for survival.Methods Human breast cancer MDA-MB-453 cells were cultured in vitro and divided into experimental group and control group.The experimental group was added with androgen dihydrotestosterone(DHT),and the control group was added nothing.The cell proliferation was detected by CCK-8,cell cycle was detected by flow cytometry,AR expression was detected by Western blot,and let-7 expression was detected by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR.The AR,let-7 expression data and survival data of TNBC patients were downloaded from the Cancer Genomes Atlas (TCGA).The expression of AR and let-7 between cancer tissues and normal breast tissues and their relationship with survival was analyzed.Results Cellular experiments showed that the proliferation rate of cancer cells in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group(1.22±0.11 vs 2.26±0.23,t=7.065,P＜0.05),and the ratio of G1/S in the experimental group was greater than in the control group (1.08±0.03 vs 0.68±0.03,t=17.321,P=0.000).The AR and let-7a,b,c,and d were overexpressed in the experimental group.The TCGA data showed that AR,let-7a-1,let-7a-2,let7a-3,and let-7c were lower in breast cancer tissues than in normal tissues (P＜0.05),while let-7d was higher in breast cancer tissues (P＜0.05).The AR,let-7a-1,let-7a-2,let-7a-3,and let-7c were used to cluster the patients into high-expression group and low-expression group,and the overall survival in the high-expression group appeared to be higher,while the difference was not statistically significant (P=0.163).Conclusions The AR/let-7 signaling pathway is up-regulated by DHT activation,which blocks cells in the G1 phase and inhibits cell proliferation.Patients with high expression of AR,let-7a-1,let-7a-2,let-7a-3,and let-7c may have better overall survival.It is suggests that the AR/let-7 signaling pathway may become a new target for TNBC.

Aim To explore the effects of niacin on LDL-C uptake and metabolism in HepG2 cells,and to clarify the functions of niacin in lipid-lowering and slo-wing the atherosclerosis process,thus to provide a sci-entific basis for niacin as a lipid-lowering drug in clini-cal development.Methods Oil red O staining was used to observe HepG2 cells after lipid uptake.Enzy-matic method was used to determine the content of in-tracellular free cholesterol (FC)and total cholesterol (TC).The LDLR levels on the surface of cell mem-brane were detected by immunofluorescence flow cy-tometer.The mRNA and protein expressions of LDLR, SREBP2 and PCSK9 were analyzed by qPCR and Western blot.Results The results of oil red O staining showed that the rate of oil red O-positive cells and the number of red lipid droplets were significantly in-creased in niacin group than control group.Niacin sig-nificantly increased the levels of TC and FC in HepG2 cells(P <0.05 ).What’s more,niacin significantly upregulated the expression of LDLR and significantly downregulated the protein expression of PCSK9,while it had no effect on the expression of SREBP2.Conclu-sion Niacin accelerates LDL-C uptake probably via downregulating the expression of PCSK9 and reducing the degradation of LDLR protein in HepG2 cells.

BACKGROUND:Common strategies for preventing diabetic nephropathy include effective control of blood sugar and blood pressure, inhibition of the rennin-angiotensin system and lipid-lowering therapy, but it is often difficult to get the desired results. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of transplantation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels on levels of blood glucose and urinary total protein in diabetic nephropathy rats. METHODS: Forty-five Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups (n=15 per group): normal control group, diabetic nephropathy group and stem cel transplantation group. Rats in the diabetic nephropathy and stem cel transplantation groups were given single use of 60 mg/kg streptozotocin to make diabetic nephropathy models. The same dose of citric acid-sodium citrate buffer was injected in the normal control group. After modeling, 200μL of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel solution (2×106) was injected into the left ventricle of rats in the stem cel transplantation group, and then at 7 days after the first transplantation, the cel transplantation was conducted again. The same dose of serum-free L-DMEM was injected intracardialy into the rats in the normal control and diabetic nephropathy groups. Levels of urinary total protein and blood glucose were detected. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:At 1, 4, 8 weeks after treatment, the urinary total protein and blood glucose levels were significantly higher in the stem cel transplantation group and diabetic nephropathy group than the normal control group (P < 0.05). At 1 week after treatment, the urinary total protein and blood glucose levels were significantly lower in the stem cel transplantation group than the diabetic nephropathy group (P < 0.05). At 4 and 8 weeks after treatment, the total urinary protein and blood glucose levels were slightly higher in the diabetic nephropathy group than the stem cel transplantation group, but there was no significant difference (P > 0.05). These findings indicate that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel transplantation in diabetic nephropathy rats can get good results in a short period, significantly improve the blood glucose and urinary total protein levels, but the long-term treatment effect is poor.

BACKGROUND:Thrombospondin-1 is an important endogenous activator of transforming growth factor beta 1 in this experimental inflammatory kidney disease model. Transforming growth factor beta 1 is considered the major cytokine that causes tissue fibrosis in many different inflammatory disease processes, in particular in renal disease.
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the expression of thrombospondin-1 on renal fibrosis in rats.
METHODS:Healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into sham surgery group and model group. In themodel group, right ureters of rats were ligated to construct models of renal fibrosis. 3 weeks after surgery, blood and urine were obtained weekly. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay and Bradford method were used to detect the contents of serum creatinine,blood urea nitrogen and urinary protein. After rats were sacrificed, kidneys were fixed. Western blot assay was utilized to identify the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor, transforming growth factor beta 1 and thrombospondin-1 protein. Hematoxylin-eosin staining was applied to detect the changes in pathological structure of the kidney after surgery.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) One week after model induction, urinary protein, serum creatinine and urea nitrogen levels were significantly higher in the model group than in the sham surgery group (P< 0.05). Three weeks later, the difference in each index was significant (P< 0.01), which showed that the injury of the kidney was aggravated. (2) Transforming growth factor beta 1 protein and thrombospondin-1 expression was significantly higher in the model group than in the sham surgery group, but vascular endothelial growth factor protein expression was significantly lower in the model group than in the sham surgery group. (3) Hematoxylin-eosin staining results demonstrated that severe pathological changes of renal tissue in rats were detected after ligation of renal tubule. (4) These results confirmed that thrombospondin-1 expression increased in renal tissue, and its expression was strongly associated with vascular endothelial growth factor protein and transforming growth factor beta 1, which may play an important role in the renal fibrosis.