Objective To study the brain functional connectivity(FC)changes in patients with normal tension glau-coma(NTG)and healthy volunteers using FC technique of resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging(rs-fMRI)based on V1 region seed point(ROI),so as to explore the pathogenesis and early diagnosis of NTG.Methods Fourteen NTG patients(NTG group)who met the inclusion criteria and 14 healthy controls(HCs group)were enrolled.The clinical data of all subjects were collected,and rs-fMRI was performed in both groups.The magnetic resonance data was pre-pro-cessed by software,and bilateral A1 regions were taken as the ROI to analyze their correction with the whole brain voxel time series and obtain the FC value between the ROI and the whole brain by comparison of FC values in resting state be-tween the groups.Pearson correlation analysis was used to explore the relationship between FC value in the brain regions with significant differences with the ROI and clinical variables in the NTG group.Results Compared with the subjects in the HCs group,there were no statistically significant differences in age,gender,body weight,cup-disc ratio and 24 h mean intraocular pressure of patients in the NTG group(all P＞0.05),and there were statistically significant differences in the best corrected visual acuity(BCVA)of both eyes and peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness(RNFLT)(all P＜0.05).The Pearson correlation analysis showed that FC value of the brain regions with abnormal FC to V1 region were cor-related with RNFLT in the NTG group(P＜0.05).ROI1-left superior frontal gyrus,ROI1-right superior frontal gyrus,ROI2-left cingulate gyrus and ROI2-right middle frontal gyrus were significantly positively correlated with RNFLT(all P＜0.05).Compared with the HCs group,the brain regions with reduced FC to the right ROI in the NTG group were the left superior frontal gyrus and right superior frontal gyrus;the brain regions with reduced FC to the left ROI were the left cingulate gyrus and right middle frontal gyrus.Conclusion Compared to healthy individuals,NTG patients have significant changes in the functional connections between certain specific brain regions and V1 region,including bilateral superior frontal gyrus,left cingulate gyrus,and middle frontal gyrus.The changes in brain functional activity may be caused by visual dysfunction caused by NTG,leading to functional impairment of the visual and cognitive emotion processing brain regions,which may be one of the potential neuropathological mechanisms in NTG patients.

Objective To explore the changes in macular microcirculation status and visual function in patients with normal tension glaucoma(NTG)using the optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA)and microperimeter MP-3 and analyze the correlation between the two.Methods In this cross-sectional observational study,17 NTG patients(30 eyes)were collected as the NTG group and then divided into mild,moderate and severe NTG subgroups according to the severity of the disease.During the same period,13 healthy subjects(23 eyes)with the same age and gender distribution were selected as the control group.OCTA was used to obtain linear density(LD)and perfusion density(PD)of superficial retinal vessels in the macular area.The microperimeter MP-3 was used to measure retinal sensitivity(RS)within 10° and fixation rate at 2° and 4° of the macular area.The OCTA parameters and microperimeter MP-3 parameters were compared among all groups,and the correlation between OCTA parameters and microperimeter MP-3 parameters in NTG patients was analyzed.Results There were no significant differences in LD and PD between the control group and the mild NTG sub-group in the central and nasal sides of the macula;the LD and PD in the remaining regions and overall average LD and PD showed a gradual downward trend in the control group and the mild,moderate and severe NTG subgroups.Compared with the control group,the RS of the mild NTG subgroup was lower in the inferior and temporal regions of the macular area.The RS of each region and overall average RS in the macular area decreased with the aggravation of the NTG.In the NTG group,LD and PD were significantly positively correlated with RS in each region and overall average RS in the macular area(all P＜0.05).In the NTG group,LD and PD were positively correlated with P2 in some regions of the macular area.Con-clusion Compared with the control group,the macular microcirculation status and visual function of NTG patients signif-icantly decreased with the progression of the disease;there is a significant correlation between macular LD and RS in NTG patients.

Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of serum lamin A(LMNA)and leukotriene(LT)B4 for adverse pregnancy outcomes in patients with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy(HDP).Methods A total of 83 HDP patients admitted to the hospital from January 2021 to May 2023 were selected as the HDP group and 83 healthy pregnant women in the same period were selected as the control group.According to the pregnancy outcome,the HDP patients were divided into a poor outcome group(38 cases)and a good outcome group(45 cases).Serum LMNA and LTB4 levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of adverse pregnancy outcomes in patients with HDP.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was used to analyze the diagnostic value of serum LMNA and LTB4 levels for adverse pregnancy outcomes in patients with HDP.Results Compared with the control group,the serum LMNA level was decreased and the LTB4 level was increased in the HDP group(P＜0.05).Compared with the good outcome group,the serum LMNA level was significantly de-creased,and the LTB4 level was increased in the poor outcome group(P＜0.05).Preeclampsia,severe pre-eclampsia and elevated LTB4 level were independent risk factors for adverse pregnancy outcomes in patients with HDP,and elevated LMNA level was an independent protective factor(P＜0.05).The area under the curve of serum LMNA and LTB4 levels in the diagnosis of adverse pregnancy outcomes of HDP patients was 0.873,which was larger than 0.787 and 0.786 of serum LMNA and LTB4 levels alone(P＜0.05).Conclusion De-creased serum LMNA and increased LTB4 levels are associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes in patients with HDP.Combined detection of serum LMNA and LTB4 levels have a high diagnostic value for adverse pregnancy outcomes in patients with HDP.

Objective:The expression of serum free light chain(FLC)is abnormal in various diseases,but its role in lung cancer remains unclear.This study aims to investigate the expression and diagnostic value of serum FLC in lung cancer. Methods:A total of 80 lung cancer patients treated at Xiangdong Hospital,Hunan Normal University from January to December 2021 were selected as the lung cancer group.Another 80 healthy individuals undergoing routine physical examinations during the same period were chosen as the control group.General information and serum κFLC and λFLC levels were collected for all subjects.Clinical indicators such as serum carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA),cytokeratin fragment antigen 21-1(CYFRA21-1)levels,tumor diameter,histological type,TNM stage,and lymph node metastasis status were recorded for lung cancer patients.The expression levels of serum FLC[κFLC,λFLC,and FLC(κ+λ)]were compared between the lung cancer group and the control group.Lung cancer patients were grouped based on gender,age,smoking history,tumor diameter,TNM stage,histological type,and lymph node metastasis to compare differences in serum κFLC and λFLC levels.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves were used to evaluate the diagnostic value of serum FLC alone and in combination with other indicators in lung cancer. Results:The expression levels of serum FLC(κ+λ)and κFLC were significantly higher in the lung cancer group than those in the control group(both P＜0.001),while there was no significant difference in serum λFLC levels between the 2 groups(P＞0.05).There were no significant differences in serum κFLC levels among lung cancer patients with different tumor diameters,histological types,or TNM stages(all P＞0.05);however,serum κFLC levels were higher in lung cancer patients with lymph node metastasis than in those without,with statistical significance(P=0.033).There were no significant differences in serum λFLC levels based on tumor diameter or histological type(both P＞0.05),but serumλFLC levels were higher in stage Ⅲ+Ⅳ and lymph node metastatic lung cancer patients compared to stage Ⅰ+Ⅱ and non-metastatic patients,with statistical significance(P=0.033 and P=0.019,respectively).The area under the curve(AUC)for κFLC and CEA in diagnosing lung cancer showed no significant difference(P=0.333).The combination ofκFLC+CYFRA21-1 had the highest diagnostic efficacy(AUC=0.875)and sensitivity(71.3％).The AUC for the combined diagnosis of κFLC+λFLC+CEA+CYFRA21-1 was 0.915(95％CI 0.860 to 0.953,P＜0.001). Conclusion:Serum FLC is highly expressed in lung cancer and is associated with its invasion and metastasis.Serum FLC,particularly κFLC,has diagnostic value for lung cancer,and the combined detection of FLC,CEA,and CYFRA21-1 offers the best diagnostic efficacy.

Objective:To establish a high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)method for the simultaneous determination of 10 bacteriostatic agents in Kangfuxin solution.Methods:The HPLC method parameters were as follows,a Thermo AcclaimTM 120 column(4.6 mm × 250 mm,5 μm),a gradient mobile phase of 0.1％glacial acetic acid-0.02 mol·L-1 ammonium acetate solution and methanol at a flow rate of 1 mL·min-1,and the scan-ning wavelength of 200-700 nm.Results:In the corresponding concentration range,the linear relationship be-tween the mass concentration of the 10 bacteriostatic agents and the peak area was good(r≥0.999 8);the preci-sion was good with RSD of 0.33％-0.38％;The RSD values of the repeatability test and the stability test were＜0.5％,the recovery rate was 97.4％-101.1％,and the RSD was between 0.4％-1.8％.According to the pro-posed method,the content results of benzoic acid,sorbic acid,hydroxyphenyl ethyl ester and hydroxyphenyl propyl ester in the test sample were 0.15-0.34％,0-0.48％,0-0.02％,and 0-0.02％,respectively.Conclu-sion:This method is sensitive,rapid,specific and accurate,and can be used for the determination of the content of bacteriostatic agents in Kangfuxin solution.

Objective:To investigate the clinical phenotype and gene mutation in a child with developmental disorders caused by CTNNB1 gene mutation. Methods:Clinical data of a child with CTNNB1 gene mutation who was admitted to Xiamen Hospital of Fudan University Affiliated Pediatric Hospital in May 2017 were collected, whole exome sequencing technology was applied to verify the family lineage of the child, and the pathogenicity of mutation site was analyzed. Results:The patient was a 6 years and 1 month old male, with a clinical phenotype including mental retardation, motor developmental disorders, speech disorders, visual disorders (internal strabismus), microcephaly, and behavioral problems (social withdrawal, overdependence, etc.), as well as panic syndrome (i.e., sudden shrieking in response to auditory and visual stimuli, extensional rigidity of the body, etc., followed by short periods of general extensional rigidity). The whole exome sequencing results showed the presence of a de novo mutation c.283(exon4)C>T in the CTNNB1 gene, and the c.283(exon4)C>T mutation was interpreted as pathogenic (PVS1+PS2+PS1+PM2+PM) according to the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics variant classification criteria and guidelines. No relevant genetic variants were found in the parental family verification. Conclusion:CTNNB1 gene mutation c.283(exon4)C>T can cause neurodevelopmental disorders, including mental retardation, motor developmental disorders, speech disorders, visual disorders, microcephaly and behavioral abnormalities.

Objective　To examine the use of Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scale for prediction of cognitive outcome.Methods　Data from 286 elderly patients who had performed cognitive assessment twice or more were obtained retrospectively,and divided into Normal Control (NC),Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and dementia groups according to their baseline performance.The correlations between each item scores of MoCA and total score change at follow up were compared within groups.Results　Total score change was significantly correlated to the MMSE,cube,attention and subtraction in NC group;visuospatial/executive,clock-hands and digit-backward in MCI group;and abstraction in dementia group.Conclusion　Cognitive prognosis is influenced by the course of disease,interventions,learning effect and regression to the mean.Executive function decline can be considered as the early sign of Alzheimer’s disease.

Objective: To establish an electrochemical method for the determination of phenol. Methods: An electrochemical workstation with three electrodes system was used with glassy carbon electrode as working electrode, Ag/AgCl as reference electrode and Pt as counter electrode. Cyclic voltammetry and differential pulse voltammetry were used for the determination of phenol. Results:Under the condition of 4% Na2SO4as the supporting electrolyte, phenol showed an obvious oxidation peak on the glassy carbon elec-trode. The peak current increased linearly with the concentration of phenol within the range of 0. 8 μg·ml-1-10. 2 μg·ml-1( r=0. 997 5). The lower limit of detection was 0. 20 μg·ml-1. The average recovery was 101. 2% (RSD=2. 2% , n=6). Conclusion:The method is simple and accurate, and can be used for the determination of phenol.

Objective To discuss the correlation between MTHFR gene polymorphism and unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion.Methods A case control study was used in this study,140 patients with unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion(UR-SA) (abortion group)and 143 cases of normal women(control group)were recruited.Genomic DNA was obtained and extracted from the oral mucosa cells.Fluorescence quantitative PCR was used to examine the MTHFR gene polymorphisms,and Taqman-MGB technology was conducted to analysis the relationship between single nucleotide polymorphism and disease.Results There was statistically significant difference in the frequencies of C677T genotype and alleles between the two groups(P＜0.05).However,no significant difference in the frequencies of A1298C genotype and alleles between the two groups(P＞0.05).Conclusion MTHFR gene C677T polymorphism might be one of the genetic risk factors of URSA.

Poststroke depression (PSD) is the most common neurological and psychiatric complications after stroke.A large number of studies have showed that PSD is the result of a variety of mechanisms on the basis of stroke.This article reviews the pathophysiology mechanisms of PSD.