Chinese medicinal materials serve as the material foundation of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） culture. The sustainable development of Chinese medicinal material resources is a focal point in the modernization of TCM. With the increasing scarcity of Chinese medicinal material resources， the expansion of new Chinese medicinal material resources has become a crucial means for the sustainable utilization of these resources. New Chinese medicinal material resources refer to natural resources that have been newly discovered or developed， possessing potential medicinal value or healthcare functions， which fall outside the traditional application scope of herbal medicines. These resources have not yet been widely recognized or applied within the framework of traditional TCM theory. They specifically include artificial substitutes for endangered medicinal materials， new medicinal parts of medicinal plants， medicinal materials with expanded clinical applications， and foreign medicinal resources. The rational compatability and formulation of new Chinese medicinal material resources are essential pathways for integrating them into the TCM system. Due to the weak foundational research on new Chinese medicinal material resources in China， the characteristics of these resources that align with the TCM theory are not yet fully understood， posing numerous constraints on formulating prescriptions based on the traditional compatibility principles of TCM. This paper integrates the traditional formulation theory of TCM with modern data integration methods， proposing four formulation models for new TCM resources： synergistic compatibility， substitutive compatibility， symptom-based compatibility， and efficacy semantic compatibility. These models provide new insights for the application of new Chinese medicinal material resources， not only facilitating their rational use in clinical practice but also offering theoretical support for the development and compatibility research of these resources.

Chinese medicinal materials serve as the material foundation of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） culture. The sustainable development of Chinese medicinal material resources is a focal point in the modernization of TCM. With the increasing scarcity of Chinese medicinal material resources， the expansion of new Chinese medicinal material resources has become a crucial means for the sustainable utilization of these resources. New Chinese medicinal material resources refer to natural resources that have been newly discovered or developed， possessing potential medicinal value or healthcare functions， which fall outside the traditional application scope of herbal medicines. These resources have not yet been widely recognized or applied within the framework of traditional TCM theory. They specifically include artificial substitutes for endangered medicinal materials， new medicinal parts of medicinal plants， medicinal materials with expanded clinical applications， and foreign medicinal resources. The rational compatability and formulation of new Chinese medicinal material resources are essential pathways for integrating them into the TCM system. Due to the weak foundational research on new Chinese medicinal material resources in China， the characteristics of these resources that align with the TCM theory are not yet fully understood， posing numerous constraints on formulating prescriptions based on the traditional compatibility principles of TCM. This paper integrates the traditional formulation theory of TCM with modern data integration methods， proposing four formulation models for new TCM resources： synergistic compatibility， substitutive compatibility， symptom-based compatibility， and efficacy semantic compatibility. These models provide new insights for the application of new Chinese medicinal material resources， not only facilitating their rational use in clinical practice but also offering theoretical support for the development and compatibility research of these resources.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the economics of trastuzumab deruxtecan versus the physician-selected chemotherapy （TPC） regimen in the second-line treatment of advanced breast cancer with epidermal growth factor receptor 2 （HER-2） low expression from the perspective of the Chinese healthcare system. METHODS Based on the data of DESTINY-Breast04 clinical trial， the dynamic Markov model was constructed. The time frame of the model simulation was 10 years， and the cycle was 3 weeks. Taking cost， quality-adjusted life year （QALY） and incremental cost-effectiveness ratio （ICER） as the model output indicators， the discount rate of 5% was applied， and 3 times China’s per capita gross domestic product （GDP） in 2023 was taken as the willingness-to-pay （WTP） threshold value. Cost-utility analysis was used to evaluate the economics of the two treatment regiments in the hormone receptor-positive cohort and all patient cohorts， and uncertainty analysis was used to verify the robustness of the basic analysis result. RESULTS The results of the basic analysis showed that compared with the TPC regimen， the ICER value of trastuzumab deruxtecan regimen edu.cn were 1 045 655.76 and 906 404.99 yuan/QALY in the hormone receptor-positive cohort and all patients， respectively， both exceeding the WTP threshold （268 074 yuan/QALY）. The results of single factor sensitivity analysis showed that progression-free survival utility value， the price of trastuzumab deruxtecan and progression disease utility had a significant influence on the model results. The results of probability sensitivity analysis showed that when the WTP threshold was 3 times China’s per capita GDP in 2023， the probability of economic viability of trastuzumab deruxtecan was 0. The results of scenario analysis showed that when the patient assistance program for trastuzumab deruxtecan was considered， the probability of trastuzumab deruxtecan regimen being economical was 0. However， when the price of trastuzumab deruxtecan was reduced by 70%， the probability of its being cost-effective was significantly increased to 82.80%. CONCLUSIONS At a WTP threshold of 3 times China’s per capita GDP in 2023， the trastuzumab deruxtecan regimen is not cost-effective compared to TPC regimen for the second-line treatment of advanced breast cancer with HER-2 low expression. Reducing the price of trastuzumab deruxtecan by region can improve its cost-effectiveness.

Objective:To investigate the pathogenesis, clinical signs and diagnosing procedures of relapsing polychondritis(RP) in children with airway involvement.Methods:The medical history, clinical symptoms, physical examination, electronic laryngoscopy and imaging findings of six patients were retrospectively analyzed. The patients diagnosed as relapsing polychondritis with involving the airway from January 2018 to December 2021 were in our hospital. The clinical features of the 6 cases were summarized.Results:All 6 patients were male, ranging in age from 8 years 1 month to 14 years 1 month, with a median age of 12.04 years. Stridor and dyspnea were observed in all patients, with hoarseness in 2 patients and frequently nocturnal dyspnea during sleep in 2 patients. Initially, all children were diagnosed as laryngitis or laryngotracheitis, and were treated symptomatically with glucocorticoids and aerosol inhalation. Immunosuppressants and targeted therapy with biologics were given after patients diagnosed as RP. All patients were ultimately required tracheostomy. The time from the onset of airway symptoms to tracheostomy ranged from 1 month to 27 months. Two children had a history of endotracheal intubation prior to tracheostomy. All 6 patients underwent electronic laryngoscopy, revealing involvement of the laryngeal and subglottic mucosa and cartilage structures, which showed gradual improvement with medical therapy. Computed tomography (CT) of the trachea with three-dimensional reconstruction was performed in all patients, demonstrating moderate to severe subglottic stenosis. Two patients exhibited complete airway obstruction at the C4-C6 cervical level. Three children underwent suspension laryngoscopy under general anesthesia and endotracheal mucosal biopsy.Of the 6 children, 3 presented with nasal tip collapse or saddle nose, 2 had auricular cartilage changed, and 1 had scleralinvolvement. One patient underwent PET-CT scanning, which revealed tracheal collapse, diffuse increase in FDG(Flurodeoxyglucose)metabolism with increased FDG uptake in the nasal alar regions. All children were followed up for 2-3 years, 1 child died, while the remaining five continued to receive medical treatment.Conclusions:Relapsing polychondritis with airway involvement has an insidious onset and is difficult to diagnose. The airway stenosisresulting from RP is always severe and necessitating tracheotomy to maintain airway patency in the majority of cases.The treatment coursef or RP is prolonged, requiring long-term tracheostomy tube placement.

Objective:To retrospectively analyze the treatment status of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) in newly diagnosed patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) in China.Methods:Data of chronic phase (CP) and accelerated phase (AP) CML patients diagnosed from January 2006 to December 2022 from 77 centers, ≥18 years old, and receiving initial imatinib, nilotinib, dasatinib or flumatinib-therapy within 6 months after diagnosis in China with complete data were retrospectively interrogated. The choice of initial TKI, current TKI medications, treatment switch and reasons, treatment responses and outcomes as well as the variables associated with them were analyzed.Results:6 893 patients in CP ( n=6 453, 93.6%) or AP ( n=440, 6.4%) receiving initial imatinib ( n=4 906, 71.2%), nilotinib ( n=1 157, 16.8%), dasatinib ( n=298, 4.3%) or flumatinib ( n=532, 7.2%) -therapy. With the median follow-up of 43 ( IQR 22-75) months, 1 581 (22.9%) patients switched TKI due to resistance ( n=1 055, 15.3%), intolerance ( n=248, 3.6%), pursuit of better efficacy ( n=168, 2.4%), economic or other reasons ( n=110, 1.6%). The frequency of switching TKI in AP patients was significantly-higher than that in CP patients (44.1% vs 21.5%, P<0.001), and more AP patients switched TKI due to resistance than CP patients (75.3% vs 66.1%, P=0.011). Multi-variable analyses showed that male, lower HGB concentration and ELTS intermediate/high-risk cohort were associated with lower cytogenetic and molecular responses rate and poor outcomes in CP patients; higher WBC count and initial the second-generation TKI treatment, the higher response rates; Ph + ACA at diagnosis, poor PFS. However, Sokal intermediate/high-risk cohort was only significantly-associated with lower CCyR and MMR rates and the poor PFS. Lower HGB concentration and larger spleen size were significantly-associated with the lower cytogenetic and molecular response rates in AP patients; initial the second-generation TKI treatment, the higher treatment response rates; lower PLT count, higher blasts and Ph + ACA, poorer TFS; Ph + ACA, poorer OS. Conclusion:At present, the vast majority of newly-diagnosed CML-CP or AP patients could benefit from TKI treatment in the long term with the good treatment responses and survival outcomes.

Objective:To identify the influencing factors of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in the patients undergoing egg retrieval with general anesthesia for in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET).Methods:This was a case-control study. Medical records from IVF-ET patients undergoing egg retrieval with general anesthesia in the Center for Reproductive Medicine in our hospital from November to December 2020 were retrospectively collected, 52 patients with PONV were identified (group PONV), and 252 patients without PONV were selected as control group (group C). Univariate analysis was performed on the suspicious influencing factors, and the factors with statistically significant differences were included in the logistic regression analysis model to identify the influencing factors of PONV.Results:Compared with group C, statistically significant differences were found in the number of eggs, anesthesia time, and the proportion of PONV history and/or motion sickness history in group PONV ( P<0.05). The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that a large number of eggs, long anesthesia time, and a high proportion of PONV history and/or motion sickness history were independent risk factors for PONV. Conclusions:A large number of eggs, long anesthesia time, and a high proportion of PONV history and/or motion sickness history are independent risk factors for PONV in IVF-ET patients undergoing egg retrieval with general anesthesia.

Objective To observe the effect of abdominal acupuncture in treating allergic rhinitis(AR).Methods Twenty-seven AR patients who attended Fangshan Hospital,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine from August to October 2022 were selected.They were divided into treatment group(15 cases)and control group(12 cases)according to randomized numerical table method.The treatment group received abdominal acupuncture.The control group at the same point was used one-time sterile cannula acupuncture to simulate acupuncture,but no needle was inserted into the acupoint.Two groups were treated,3 times a week for 4 weeks.The visual analogue scale(VAS),rhinoconjunctivitis quality of life questionnaire(RQLQ),Pittsburgh sleep quality index(PSQI)scores,and the histamine(HIS),leukotriene D4(LTD4),immunoglobulin E(IgE)levels were compared between two groups before and after treatment.Results At each time point after treatment,the VAS,RQLQ,PSQI scores and HIS,LTD4,IgE levels of patients in treatment group were significantly lower than those before treatment(P<0.05).There were no statistically significant differences in VAS,RQLQ,and PSQI scores,the HIS,LTD4,and IgE levels after 2-week treatment in both groups(P>0.05).After 4-week treatment and follow-up 4-week,the VAS,RQLQ,and PSQI scores,the HIS,and LTD4 levels in treatment group were significantly lower than those in control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Abdominal acupuncture has good therapeutic effect on AR and significantly improves life quality of the patients,which can reduce the levels of HIS,LTD4 and IgE.The therapy is worthy of clinical application.

Objective To investigate the correlations of serum eukaryotic translation promoter 2α (eIF2α) and activated transcription factor 4 (ATF4) levels with the degree of renal tissue injury and renal function in patients with diabetic nephropathy (DN). Methods A total of 102 patients with DN (DN group) and 102 patients with simple diabetes (control group) were selected. According to the severe degree of renal tissue damage, the patients with DN were divided into microalbuminuria group (MG group, 35 cases) and dominant albuminuria group (PG group, 41 cases) and renal dysfunction group (RIG group, 26 cases). Serum levels of eIF2α, ATF4, urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine (Scr), cystatin C (CysC) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) were measured. Pearson correlation analysis was used to explore the correlations of eIF2α and ATF4 with BUN, Scr, CysC and eGFR; multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the risk factors of DN; receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyze the value of eIF2α and ATF4 in diagnostic of DN. Results Serum levels of eIF2α, ATF4, BUN, Scr and CysC in the DN group were higher than those in control group, eGFR was lower than that in control group (P < 0.05). Serum eIF2α and ATF4levels in the RIG group were higher than those in PG and MG groups (P < 0.05). Serum eIF2α and ATF4 levels in DN patients were positively correlated with BUN, Scr and CysC, and negatively correlated with eGFR (P < 0.05). Long duration of diabetes, higher body mass index, high level of eIF2α and high level of ATF4 were risk factors for DN (P < 0.05). The area under the curve of eIF2α and ATF4 in diagnosis DN was 0.770 and 0.799, respectively, and the area under the curve of their combined diagnosis was 0.879, which was higher than that of single diagnosis (P < 0.05). Conclusion Serum levels of eIF2α and ATF4 are increased in patients with DN, which is related to the severity of renal injury and renal dysfunction in DN. The combination of eIF2α and ATF4 is of high value in the diagnosis of DN.

Objective To analyze the influencing factors of self-management ability of coronary heart disease patients after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and construct a nomogram model. Methods A total of 247 CHD patients who underwent PCI were selected as the research subjects, and all of them were evaluated by Coronary Heart Disease Self-management Scale (CSMS). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to screen out the independent influencing factors of self-management ability of CHD patientsafter PCI, and R software was used to construct a nomogram model. The discrimination, calibration, and goodness-of-fit of the nomogram model were evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, calibration curve, and Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test. Results The average CSMS score of 247 patients was (86.79±9.22), and these patients were divided into low-score group(89 patients) and high-score group (158 patients)based on the critical value of 86.79 points. There were significant differences in age, education level, monthly per capita family income, and self-efficacy between the low-score group and the high-score group (P < 0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age, education level, monthly per capita family income, and self-efficacy were independent influencing factors of self-management ability of CHD patients after PCI (P < 0.05). The nomogram model constructed based on the four influencing factors found that age >70 years increased the weight by 86.2 points, education level below high school increased the weight by 87.4 points, monthly per capita family income < 3 500 yuan increased the weight by 82.3 points, and low self-efficacy increased the weight by 99.6 points. The results of ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve of the nomogram model for predicting self-management ability ofCHD patients after PCI was 0.842 (95%CI, 0.794 to 0.890). The slope of the calibration curve was close to 1, and the results of goodness-of-fit test was as follows: χ²=10.226, P=0.233. Conclusion Age, education level, monthly per capita family income, and self-efficacy are influencing factors of self-management ability of CHD patients after PCI, and the nomogram model constructed based on these factors has high predictive value for self-management ability.

AIM: To find specific metabolic markers for women entering peri-menopausal period and patients with menopausal syndrome based on