Objective To investigate the association between lifestyle and risk of heart disease and diabetes in the elderly population in Xi'an City. Methods From January 2021 to January 2024, a staged cluster sampling method was used to investigate the lifestyle and the occurrence of heart disease and diabetes in elderly population aged 60 years and above in the communities of Xi'an. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between lifestyle and the risk of heart disease and diabetes. Results A total of 413 elderly people were investigated, of which 31.96% had heart disease, 27.12% had diabetes, and 10.90% had diabetes with heart disease. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that age, BMI, family history, sweet food preference, smoking, and sitting and lying for a long time were risk factors for diabetes in the elderly population (P<0.05). Age, BMI, family history, history of diabetes, preference for salted products, smoking, drinking, and sitting and lying for a long time were risk factors for heart disease in the elderly population (P<0.05). Conclusion The incidence rates of heart disease and diabetes are high in the elderly population in Xi'an City. The risk of diabetes is related to unhealthy lifestyles such as sweet food preference, smoking, and sitting and lying for a long time, while heart disease is related to unhealthy lifestyles such as preference for salted products, smoking, drinking, and sitting and lying for a long time.

Objective To investigate the association between lifestyle and risk of heart disease and diabetes in the elderly population in Xi'an City. Methods From January 2021 to January 2024, a staged cluster sampling method was used to investigate the lifestyle and the occurrence of heart disease and diabetes in elderly population aged 60 years and above in the communities of Xi'an. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between lifestyle and the risk of heart disease and diabetes. Results A total of 413 elderly people were investigated, of which 31.96% had heart disease, 27.12% had diabetes, and 10.90% had diabetes with heart disease. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that age, BMI, family history, sweet food preference, smoking, and sitting and lying for a long time were risk factors for diabetes in the elderly population (P<0.05). Age, BMI, family history, history of diabetes, preference for salted products, smoking, drinking, and sitting and lying for a long time were risk factors for heart disease in the elderly population (P<0.05). Conclusion The incidence rates of heart disease and diabetes are high in the elderly population in Xi'an City. The risk of diabetes is related to unhealthy lifestyles such as sweet food preference, smoking, and sitting and lying for a long time, while heart disease is related to unhealthy lifestyles such as preference for salted products, smoking, drinking, and sitting and lying for a long time.

Objective To investigate the expression level and diagnostic value of serum DNA polymerase α(DNA pol α)in Alzheimer's disease(AD),and analyze its diagnostic efficacy in AD.Methods A total of 100 patients of dementia of Alzheimer's type(DAT)and 43 patients of mild cognitive impairment(MCI)from Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University from March 2019 to April 2023 were included in this study,and 68 healthy individuals of the same age group were collected as the HC group.The expression level of DNA pol α was detected in each group,and the diagnostic value of DNA pol α in AD was analyzed by receiver oper-ating characteristic(ROC)curve.Results The expression level of DNA pol α in DAT group was higher than those in the MCI group(P＜0.05)and the HC group(P＜0.001).The expression level of DNA pol α showed an increasing trend as AD progressed.The expression level of DNA pol α was negatively correlated with Mini Intelligent Mental State Examination Scale(MMSE)score and Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale(MoCA)score(r=-0.155 3,-0.203 7,P＜0.05).The area under the curve(AUC)of DNA pol α for diagnosing DAT was 0.682,and the sensitivity was 0.900.The AUC for diagnosing MCI was 0.546,and the sensitivity was 0.977.The AUC for differential diagnosis of MCI and DAT was 0.664,the sensitivity was 0.780,and the specificity was 0.535.Conclusion The expression level of DNA pol α is significantly increased in AD patients with DAT,and its expression level is related to the progression of AD,suggesting that DNA pol α has the pos-sibility to be a potential blood biomarker for the diagnosis of AD.

Objective To explore the research hotspots and development trends of Ziziphi Spinosae Semen in the past 20 years,and to provide reference for related research.Methods Literatures on Ziziphi Spinosae Semen were searched from January 1,2000 to December 31,2022 in CNKI,Web of Science Core Collection Database.VOS viewer software was used to visually analyze the citation frequency,research institutions and keyword hotspots of English literatures.CiteSpace software was used to visually analyze research institutions,authors,emergence keywords and keyword overlap time of Chinese literatures,and Microsoft Excel 2021 software was used to analyze of annual publication trends and publication volume of Chinese and English literatures,and download frequency of Chinese literatures.Results A total of 4 872 Chinese and 128 English literatures were included,with an overall upward trend in the number of annual publications.The research institutions with the highest number of publications in Chinese and English were Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Tianjin University of Commerce,and the authors with the highest number of publications were DU Chenhui and XIE Junbo,respectively.The most frequent keywords in Chinese literatures were"Ziziphi Spinosae Semen","composed"and"application of compound therapy",and in English literatures were"performance","oxidative stress".Conclusion From 2000 to 2022,the research hotspots of Ziziphi Spinosae Semen mainly focused on the chemical composition,pharmacological effects and clinical application analysis,compatibility research,formulation and preparation.Quality control and evaluation of Ziziphi Spinosae Semen,and the research on the mechanism of preventing and treating insomnia with Ziziphi Spinosae Semen may become future research directions.

Objective To analyze the short-term clinical efficacy and influencing factors of ustekinumab monoclonal antibody(UST)in the treatment of Crohn′s disease(CD).Methods Retrospective cohort study was used to collect the clinical data of CD patients treated with UST in the 10th People′s Hospital affiliated to Tongji University from December 2020 to October 2022.The main analysis is the short-term clinical efficacy and influencing factors of UST treatment for CD at weeks 8 and 16,And analyze the endoscopic response rate of some patients.Results A total of 91 CD patients who first used UST were included.The 8-week clinical response rate of UST treat-ment for CD was 61.5%,and the clinical response rate was 45%;The clinical response rate at 16 weeks was 71.4%,and the clinical response rate was 54.9%.56 cases underwent endoscopic re-examination in our hospital,and the endoscopic response rate at 16 weeks was 41.1%.Univariate analysis showed that fistula(including anal fistula,personal history of anal fistula,and intestinal skin fistula)is associated with clinical remission in Crohn′s disease patients at 8/16 weeks.Further multivariate COX regression analysis showed that the presence of a history of anal fistula surgery was an independent protective factor affecting clinical remission in CD patients treated with UST at 8 weeks(HR = 0.04,95%CI:0.00～0.38;P = 0.005)and 16 weeks(HR = 0.04,95%CI:0.01～0.34;P = 0.003)compared to those without fistula;Narrow lesions are an independent risk factor for 16 week clinical remission in CD patients compared to non-narrow and non-penetrating lesions(HR = 1.75,95%CI:1.08～2.84;P = 0.023).No patients were found to have stopped medication due to serious adverse reactions.Conclusions UST can improve the clinical remission and response of CD patients at 8/16 weeks,and has good short-term clinical efficacy.CD patients with a personal history of anal fistula are recommended to use UST monoclonal antibodies,while patients with stenotic lesions should be cautious in using UST monoclonal antibodies.Whether the patient has undergone surgical treatment in the past,as well as whether UST has been used on the first or non-first line,has no significant impact on clinical remission.

Objective To explore the value of the combination of serum hemoglobin A1c(HbA1c),Alarin and Ficolin-3 in predicting adverse pregnancy outcomes in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM).Methods From March 2021 to March 2023,129 GDM patients who underwent prenatal examination and hospital delivery in Yantai Yeda Hospital were collected as the GDM group,while 133 pregnant women with normal glucose tolerance test results were regarded as the control group.Fully automated glycated hemoglobin analyzer was applied to detect serum HbA1c level.Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)was applied to detect serum Alarin and Ficolin-3 levels.Pearson method was used to analyze the correlation between serum HbA1c,Alarin,Ficolin-3 levels and 2 hour postprandial glucose(2 h PG),fasting blood glucose(FBG)and homeostasis model assessment method for insulin resistance(HOMA-IR)in GDM patients.Logistic regression was applied to analyze the relationship between HbA1c,Alarin,Ficolin-3 levels and adverse pregnancy outcomes in GDM patients.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was plotted to analyze the value of serum HbA1c,Alarin and Ficolin-3 levels in predicting adverse pregnancy outcomes in GDM patients.Results The 2 h PG,FBG,HOMA-IR,and serum HbA1c,Alarin,and Ficolin-3 levels were significantly higher in the GDM group than those in the control group(P＜0.05).The serum levels of HbA1c,Alarin and Ficolin-3 were positively correlated with 2 h PG,FBG and HOMA-IR in GDM patients(P＜0.05).The serum HbA1c,Alarin and Ficolin-3 levels were greatly higher in GDM patients with poor blood glucose control than those in GDM patients with good blood glucose control(P＜0.05).The above levels of three indicators in GDM patients with adverse pregnancy outcomes were significantly higher than those in GDM patients without adverse pregnancy outcomes(P＜0.05).Elevated levels of HbA1c,Alarin and Ficolin-3 were independent risk factors for adverse pregnancy outcomes in GDM patients(P＜0.05).The area under the curves of HbA1c,Alarin and Ficolin-3 alone and in combination were 0.840,0.865,0.815 and 0.979,respectively in predicting adverse pregnancy outcomes in GDM patients.Conclusion The serum HbA1c,Alarin and Ficolin-3 levels are abnormally elevated in GDM patients,and the combined detection of the three can improve the value in predicting adverse pregnancy outcomes.

Ziziphi spinosae semen mainly contains contents of saponins,flavonoids,alkaloids and aliphatic acids.Meanwhile,it has a variety of activities such as sedative-hypnotic,anti-anxiety,anti-depression,nerve protection,cardiovascular and cerebrovascular protection,liver protection,and antioxidant,which is widely used in medicine,food,health food and other fields.The chemical constituents,pharmacological action and clinical application of Ziziphi spinosae semen were systematically summarized in this paper by reviewing the literature,in order to provide theoretical guidance for the sustainable development of the resources and the rational use of Ziziphi spinosae semen.

With the intensification of the global population aging trend, the problem of obesity in the elderly has become increasingly prominent, which is closely related to the increase of the risk of various diseases and mortality.However, there are still many challenges in dealing with this problem.First, body mass index, waist circumference and waist-to-hip ratio, which are widely used for weight assessment, have certain limitations.Secondly, the screening and management of weight-related complications should be strengthened, and management concepts should be established to improve physical function and enhance health outcomes.At the same time, attention should be paid to the management of body composition, especially the monitoring and management of sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity, which are common in the elderly.In the management of obesity in the elderly, it is necessary to consider the overall health status of patients, living habits and other factors, and formulate lifestyle intervention measures in line with their physiological characteristics.If lifestyle interventions do not work well, the drug regimen should consider the combined effects of cardiovascular, renal, and metabolic syndrome.With the continuous advancement of artificial intelligence technology, weight management in the elderly is expected to improve health outcomes by building risk prediction models through machine learning and enabling precise personalized treatment.This will provide a new strategy and method for solving the problem of obesity in the elderly.

ObjectiveTo analyze the blood-transition constituents of Bergeniae Scopulosae Rhizoma extract based on the serum pharmacochemical method. MethodUltra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole/electrostatic field orbital trap high resolution mass spectrometry （UHPLC-Q Exactive Focus MS/MS） technique was used to compare the chromatogram differences of Bergeniae Scopulosae Rhizoma extract， blank serum and drug-containing serum， according to the retention time， relative molecular weight and the ratio with primary and secondary ion fragments provided by MS， the prototype components and metabolites of Bergeniae Scopulosae Rhizoma extract were analyzed in serum of rats after oral administration. The detection conditions were as follows：the mobile phase of methanol （A）-0.1% formic acid solution （B） for elution gradient （0-40 min， 5%-95%A； 40-45 min， 95%A）， the flow rate of 0.3 mL·min^-1， the injection volume of 1 µL， heated electrospray ionization， detection range of m/z 80-1 200， positive and negative ion scanning modes. ResultAfter oral administration， a total of 35 components were detected in the serum， of which 6 were prototype components and 29 were metabolites of prototype components. The 6 prototype components were identified as arbutin， mallonanoside A， bengenin， ardimerin， salicylic acid and ellagic acid. The 29 metabolites were mainly metabolites from compound containing structural units such as gallic acid， mallonanoside A， bengenin， catechin， and ellagic acid， and their metabolic pathways were mainly glucuronidation， sulfation， methylation and others， which by phase Ⅱ metabolism. ConclusionThe components absorbed into the blood and their metabolites may be the pharmacodynamic components of Bergeniae Scopulosae Rhizoma. Among them， mallonanoside A， bengenin and ellagic acid can not only enter the blood as prototype components， but also exert their efficacy through phase Ⅱ metabolism. Most of the other chemical components in Bergeniae Scopulosae Rhizoma may be transformed into simple structures such as gallic acid， bengenin and catechin by hydrolysis， and then further metabolized by phase Ⅱ.

Polyporus umbellatus， as a traditional Chinese medicine for promoting diuresis and clearing dampness， mainly contains steroids and polysaccharides. It is usually used to treat diseases of urinary system. In this paper， the research progress of the effective components， pharmacological mechanisms and clinical use of P. umbellatus in diuresis-promotion and dampness- clearance is reviewed. Steroids such as ergosterone， peroxyergosterone， ergosta-7，22-dien-3-one and P. umbellatus polysaccharide PPS1， PPS2， PPS3， GUMP-1-1 and GUMP-1-2 promote diuresis and eliminate dampness through diuresis， renal protection， anti- inflammatory， bacteriostatic and immunomodulatory effects. Traditional Chinese medicine compound preparations such as P. umbellatus powder， P. umbellatus decoction， and Wuling powder have significant effects in treating urinary tract infections， lithiasis， renal edema and lesions， which providing reference for the further development and application of P. umbellatus.