Ulcerative colitis(UC)is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease characterized by continuous inflammation and ulcer formation in the intestinal mucosa.Its pathogenesis involves immune dysfunction,dysbio-sis of gut microbiota,and mucosal damage caused by inflammation.Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent form of cell death regulated by disturbances in iron metabolism,lipid peroxidation,and depletion of glutathione(GSH).Studies have indicated that ferroptosis plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of UC,particularly in regulating in-flammatory responses and damaging intestinal epithelial cells.This article reviews the regulatory mechanisms and roles of ferroptosis in UC and discusses the potential therapeutic strategies to alleviate UC symptoms by modulating iron metabolism,reducing lipid peroxidation,and maintaining GSH levels,providing new targets and directions for the diagnosis and treatment of UC.

Objective:A high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was developed to determine the enzymatic activity of CD38 in blood, which was the major enzyme responsible for consuming nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD). Additionally, the study aimed to detect the differences in CD38 enzymatic activity among individuals of varying ages and health statuses.Methods:A 50 μl whole blood matrix and enzyme reaction substrate of 150 μl β-NAD at a concentration of 500 μmol/L were selected for the analysis. To eliminate the impact of endogenous β-NAD, the whole blood sample was pre-incubated at 37 ℃ for 20 minutes before adding the substrate. The reaction was terminated by perchloric acid (PCA) after incubation at 37 ℃ for 40 min. The change in product nicotinamide (NAM) before and after the enzymatic reaction was measured by HPLC to calculate the CD38 activity. The linearity, limit of detection, limit of quantification, precision, and stability of the method were evaluated. The CD38 enzymatic activities in 60 healthy volunteers and 30 colorectal cancer patients in blood were determined by the developed method.Results:Pre-incubation at 37 ℃ for 20 minutes eliminated the effect of endogenous β-NAD. The correlation coefficient of NAM was 0.999 in the concentration range of 0.1-3.2 μmol/L, with limit of detection of 0.5 nmol/L and limit of quantification of 2.1 nmol/L. The average within-run imprecision ( CV) and total CV were 3.22%-4.03% and 2.91%-4.70%, respectively. The recovery rate ranged from 94.82% to 96.81%. The CD38 activity of whole blood was stable by storage at 4 ℃ for 48 hours, storage at room temperature for 8 hours, thawing of frozen whole blood at room temperature for 2 hours, or repeated freeze-thawing three times. NAM, NAD standards, and pre-treatment samples were stable after 48 hours at 4 ℃ and 8 hours at room temperature. CD38 activity gradually decreased with increasing concentration of the added CD38 inhibitor 4-aminoquinoline derivative (78c). Measurement of 60 healthy physical examination population samples showed significantly higher CD38 enzyme activity in the elderly group than that in the young group ( t=-2.776, P=0.007) and measurement of 30 colorectal cancer patients showed significantly higher CD38 enzyme activity than that in healthy people ( t=-2.572, P=0.012). Conclusion:The established HPLC method for determining CD38 enzymatic activity is characterized by its simplicity, efficiency, accuracy, and reproducibility. This technique serves as a valuable tool for investigating aging and aging-related diseases.

Lipid Droplets/metabolism* ; Bacteria ; Lipid Metabolism

Objective:To establish the normal reference value of lumbar bone mineral density (BMD) under quantitative CT (QCT) in Chinese healthy adult females and to explore the regional differences.Methods:Total of 35 431 healthy women who met the inclusion criteria of Chinese health quantitative CT big data program were selected in this study. The BMD of the central plane of L 1 and L 2 vertebrae was measured by Mindways′s QCT system, and the mean value was taken. One-way analysis of variance was used to compare the BMD differences of lumbar vertebrae in women of different ages and regions. The subjects were grouped by an age interval of 10 years, and the level of BMD in different regions of the same age group were compaired. Results:The peak BMD of Chinese healthy adult women appeared in the age group of 20-29 years (Northeast China(183.01±24.58) mg/cm 3, North China (188.93±24.80) mg/cm 3, East China (187.54±27.71) mg/cm 3, South China (186.22±33.72) mg/cm 3, Central China (176.33±24.91) mg/cm 3, Southwest China(182.25±28.00) mg/cm 3), and then it decreased with age. The level of BMD in different regions decreased with the age. Before the age of 70 years, BMD in Central and Southwest China was always at a low level((176.23±24.91) to (90.38±28.12) mg/cm 3, 182.25±28.00 to (88.55±25.68) mg/cm 3), lower than those in Northeast China ((183.01±24.58) to (99.69±27.85) mg/cm 3), North China ((188.93±24.80) to (95.89±26.12) mg/cm 3), East China ((187.54±27.71) to (95.65±27.86) mg/cm 3). After 70 years of age, BMD tended to be the same in different regions ( P>0.05). The BMD values in Central China and Southwest China were similar in the age group of 40-60 years ( P>0.05). The BMD values in the health adult femles in the age group of 60 years in different regions of Chinawere all lower than those of bone mass abnormality (all P<0.05). The detection rate of osteoporosis in females over 50 years was the highest in Southwest China (25.65%) and it was the lowest in North China (17.30%). Conclusions:This study establishes reference values of BMD under QCT in healthy Chinese women, which can be used as a reference basis for identifying women with low BMD who are at risk of osteoporosis. The BMD value is the lowest in Southwest China and the highest in South China.

Objective: Establish a murine model for hyperuricemia (HU) and periodontitis to explore whether there is correlation between them and provide a basis for periodontal treatment. Methods: Fourteen male KM mice were divided into 2 groups; the HU group (n=7) was fed food supplemented with potassium oxonate and uric acid, the NC group (n=7) was fed standard food, and the induction period was 35 days. On the 25th day, the molars on one side were ligated to induce periodontitis (P side), while the opposite was true for the control (C side). Baseline and terminal serum uric acid (UA) levels were detected, and alveolar bone resorption was analyzed by micro-CT. Results: The serum UA level of HU mice was (112.94 ± 26.82 )mol/L, that of the NC group was (72.21 ± 19.95) μmol/L, and the difference in UA level was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The P side bone volume fractions of the HU and NC groups were( 29.01 ± 11.09)% and (29.56 ± 15.27)%, respectively, which were not significantly different (t=-0.072, P=0.944). The P side bone mineral densities of the HU and NC groups were(0.53 ± 0.16) g/cm3 and (0.52 ± 0.14) g/cm3, respectively, which were not significantly different (t=0.038, P=0.970). Additionally, there was no correlation between HU or serum UA and alveolar bone resorption (P > 0.05). Conclusion This research established a murine model for HU and periodontitis, but based on micro-CT analysis of alveolar bone, no relationship between HU or UA levels and periodontitis was found.

Objective To evaluate the present development and status of quality control for intensive care unit (ICU) in Sichuan Provincial traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) hospitals including integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine hospitals and ethnic hospitals, and to provide practical references for improving the service quality of ICU. Methods Supervisory Group of Sichuan Provincial Critical Care Medicine Quality Control Center of TCM was established in September 2018. From September 8th to 17th, 2018, according to the Scoring Criteria of Quality Control and Supervision Project of TCM for Critical Care Medicine, a 10-day quality control professional guidance was hand out to TCM hospitals with independent ICU in Sichuan Province. The service level of different aspects of hospital quality control was evaluated and ranked from equipment and resource support, medical team, service capacity and level, ward quality, completion of critical care core indicators, completion of quality control of TCM, development of new technologies, diagnosis and treatment schemes for dominant diseases. Results There were 52 TCM hospitals across the province that had an ICU. Thirty-three hospitals were third-class (63.5%), while the rest 19 hospitals were second-class (36.5%). Province-level, city-level and county-level hospitals were accounted for 9.6% (5/52), 38.5% (20/52), and 51.9% (27/52), respectively. Average bed ratio of ICU was 1.8%. Doctor-bed and guard-bed ratios were 0.71∶1 and 2.0∶1, respectively. The average annual admission rate of patients and the average daily admission rate of beds were higher, which were basically 1%. Ward quality was high; the incidence of nosocomial infection was controlled below 10%. Compliance rate of septic shock bundle treatment was high. The incidences of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), catheter-related bloodstream infection (CRBSI) and catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) were 0.45%, 0.22%, and 0.30%, respectively. Participation rate of TCM was about 83.4%. Average number of new technologies was about 4.4. Average number of disease schemes was about 2.62. Conclusions ICU of Sichuan Provincial TCM hospitals reaches the standard level in service capacity and level, ward quality, critical medicine quality control, and participation rate of TCM treatment. Improvements are required for other prospects, including department scale, medical personnel allocation, new technical development, diagnosis and treatment schemes of dominant diseases.

Aim To observe the effect of BAPTA-AM on extracellular acid-induced autophagy in rat articular chondrocytes and its possible mechanisms.Methods Rat articular chondrocytes were isolated from Sprague-Dawley rats and incubated with different pH medium. The states of autophagy were examined by acridine or-ange (AO ) staining .Moreover,the expressions of LC3 ,Beclin-1 ,ULK1 ,CaMKKβ,AMPK and mTOR were detected using Western blot or quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR ). Intracellular calcium ([Ca2+]i )was analyzed by a Ca2+-imaging method. Results Compared with pH 6.0 group,BAPTA-AM could significantly decrease the activation of autophagyinduced by acid exposure,and the expressions of autophagy markers including LC3 Ⅱ,Beclin1 and ULK1were also decreased,accompanied with reduced acidinduced [Ca2 +]i influx,decreased proteins expressionof CaMKKβand phosphorylatedAMPK,and increasedphosphorylation of mTOR.Conclusion BAPTAAMcan significantly restrain acidinduced autophagy in ratarticular chondrocytes,the mechanism of which may beassociated with decreased Ca2 + influx.

Aim To investigate the effect of 4-Amino- 2-Trifluoromethyl-Phenyl Retinate on human breast cancer cells MDA-MB-231 and the possible mecha-nisms. Method Human breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells were incubated with different concentrations of ATPR in vitro. MTT assay was performed to measure the proliferation of MDA-MB-231 . Cell growth curves were made by counting cells and morphologic changes were observed by Wright-Giemsa staining. The differ-entiation marker mucin-1 ( MUC-1 ) was measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay ( ELISA ) . Cell cycle was examined by Flow cytometry ( FCM ) . The expression of retinoic acid receptors ( RARs) and reti-noid X receptors ( RXRs ) were detected by Western blot and Quantitative real-time PCR (q-RT-PCR),re-spectively. Results Compared with solvent group, ATPR could inhibit the proliferation of MDA-MB-231 cells in a time-and dose dependent manner and induce the maturing and normality of morphology. The express of MUC-1 was significantly decreased, and the progres of cell cycle was blocked in the G0/G1-phase. The ex-pression of RARγ was decreased. Conclusions AT-PR could inhibit proliferation and induce differention of MDA-MB-231cells, it′s associated with RARγ.

Objective To compare the performance of high‐throughput ELISA and ECLIA in the determination of carcinoembry‐onic antigen (CEA) .Methods The CEA concentration of serum samples were respectively determinate by high‐throughput ELISA and ECLIA ,and the results were compared .Results Two kinds of detection methods could both accurately reflect the concentration of serum CEA .There was no significant difference between the results of two methods (P> 0 .05) .Within the linear range ,the CEA result of high‐throughput was correlate closely with that of ECLIA (r=0 .922 8 ,P<0 .01) .Conclusion High‐throughput ELISA can accurately detect the serum CEA concentration .

Objective To explore the short and long-term effect of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) training for agricultural residence registration population with the language education and practice education,in order to establish a more effective method of first-aid training for agriculture population.Methods 989 agricultural residence registration people were divided into group A (721 people)and group B (268 people) randomly.Group A received CPR training with language education and group B adopted practice education.On the time before and after training immediatelythe 3rd and 6th month after training,we checked the training results and analyzed the data with statistical methods.Results The short- term effect of two methods was satisfying (accuracy more then 90％ ) and without statistical significance.The effect of group B was better than group A in the 3rd and 6th month after training.Two groups showed higher forgetting rate and some accuracy were less than 50％.Conclusions Agriculture population is in urgent need of first-aid.It may be a more effective method of first-aid training for agriculture population to transform gradually from language education to practice education.At the same time,we may use 4 hours as CPR practice education training time and 6 months as re-training period.