ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of Buzhong Yiqitang on the abnormal expression of pulmonary surfactant-associated protein C （SFTPC） and lung injury induced by chronic intermittent hypoxia （CIH） and the mechanism of action. MethodsForty healthy adult male SPF-grade C57BL/6 mice were randomly allocated into five experimental groups： a normoxia group， a CIH group， and low-， medium-， and high-dose Buzhong Yiqitang groups， with eight mice in each group. During the modeling， mice in the normoxia group were housed under standard oxygen concentrations， while the CIH and all Buzhong Yiqitang groups were placed in a hypoxic chamber for 8 h daily over 35 d. Prior to each chamber session， mice in the low-， medium-， and high-dose Buzhong Yiqitang groups were administered decoctions by gavage at corresponding doses （8.1， 16.2， 32.4 g·kg^-1·d^-1 of crude drug， respectively）， while those in normoxia and CIH groups received an equivalent volume of saline by gavage. The general conditions of the mice were recorded before and after the experiment. Pulmonary function was assessed using a non-invasive detection system. Serum SFTPC levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. Histopathological changes in lung tissue were evaluated using hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining. Apoptosis in lung tissue was detected using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling （TUNEL）. Protein expression of SFTPC， B-cell lymphoma-2 （Bcl-2）， Bcl-2-associated X protein （Bax）， protein kinase R-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase （PERK）， phosphorylated PERK （p-PERK）， eukaryotic initiation factor 2α （eIF2α）， phosphorylated eIF2α （p-eIF2α）， activating transcript factor 4 （ATF4）， and CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein homologous protein （CHOP） in lung tissue was analyzed by Western blot. Immunofluorescence staining was employed to assess the expression of SFTPC and CHOP proteins in lung tissue. ResultsCompared to those in the normoxia group， mice in the CIH group showed significantly impaired pulmonary function and increased histopathological lung injury scores （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Serum SFTPC levels increased， while SFTPC expression in lung tissue was reduced （P<0.05， P<0.01）. The rate of apoptotic cells in lung tissue increased， and the expression of endoplasmic reticulum stress markers p-PERK， p-eIF2α， ATF4， and CHOP was upregulated （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Compared with the CIH group， Buzhong Yiqitang intervention improved pulmonary function indicators and decreased the histopathological lung injury scores （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Serum SFTPC levels were decreased， and lung tissue SFTPC expression was recovered （P<0.05， P<0.01）. The apoptotic rate of lung tissue cells was significantly reduced， with downregulation of pro-apoptotic Bax and upregulation of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 expression （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Activation and expression of p-PERK， p-eIF2α， ATF4， and CHOP were also decreased （P<0.05， P<0.01）. ConclusionBuzhong Yiqitang can alleviate lung injury and improve pulmonary function by reducing lung cell apoptosis and enhancing alveolar surfactant secretion， which may be related to the modulation of the PERK/eIF2α/ATF4/CHOP signaling pathway.

Objective: To analyze the nucleic acid load of human parvovirus B19 in major commercially available blood products in China, including human albumin, human intravenous immunoglobulin, human rabies immunoglobulin and various coagulation factor products, aiming to provide evidence for improving blood product manufacturing processes and quality control of source plasma. Methods: A total of 98 batches of coagulation factor products were tested for human parvovirus B19 nucleic acid using real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR, including 42 batches of human prothrombin complex, 35 batches of human coagulation factor Ⅷ, and 21 batches of human fibrinogen. Additionally, 6 batches of human albumin, 6 batches of human intravenous immunoglobulin, and 38 batches of human rabies immunoglobulin were tested for human parvovirus B19 nucleic acid. Results: Human parvovirus B19 nucleic acid were undetectable in human albumin, human intravenous immunoglobulin and human rabies immunoglobulin. Among the 98 batches of coagulation factor products tested for human parvovirus B19 nucleic acid, B19 nucleic acid reactivity rate was 69.0% (29/42) for human prothrombin complex batches, but nucleic acid concentration were all significantly lower than 10 IU/mL. The reactivity rate of B19 nucleic acid in 35 batches of human coagulation factor Ⅷ was 48.6% (17/35), with nucleic acid concentration all below 10 IU/mL. The reactivity rate of B19 nucleic acid in 21 batches of human fibrinogen was 61.9% (13/21), with nucleic acid concentration all below 10 IU/mL. Conclusion: No human parvovirus B19 has been detected in human albumin, human intravenous immunoglobulin, or human rabies immunoglobulin. Human parvovirus B19 nucleic acid may exist in commercially available coagulation factor products, highlighting the need for enhanced screening of human parvovirus B19 nucleic acid in these products. It is also recommended that B19 viral nucleic acid testing be conducted on source plasma, particularly for coagulation factor products.

Objective: To analyze the nucleic acid load of human parvovirus B19 in major commercially available blood products in China, including human albumin, human intravenous immunoglobulin, human rabies immunoglobulin and various coagulation factor products, aiming to provide evidence for improving blood product manufacturing processes and quality control of source plasma. Methods: A total of 98 batches of coagulation factor products were tested for human parvovirus B19 nucleic acid using real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR, including 42 batches of human prothrombin complex, 35 batches of human coagulation factor Ⅷ, and 21 batches of human fibrinogen. Additionally, 6 batches of human albumin, 6 batches of human intravenous immunoglobulin, and 38 batches of human rabies immunoglobulin were tested for human parvovirus B19 nucleic acid. Results: Human parvovirus B19 nucleic acid were undetectable in human albumin, human intravenous immunoglobulin and human rabies immunoglobulin. Among the 98 batches of coagulation factor products tested for human parvovirus B19 nucleic acid, B19 nucleic acid reactivity rate was 69.0% (29/42) for human prothrombin complex batches, but nucleic acid concentration were all significantly lower than 10 IU/mL. The reactivity rate of B19 nucleic acid in 35 batches of human coagulation factor Ⅷ was 48.6% (17/35), with nucleic acid concentration all below 10 IU/mL. The reactivity rate of B19 nucleic acid in 21 batches of human fibrinogen was 61.9% (13/21), with nucleic acid concentration all below 10 IU/mL. Conclusion: No human parvovirus B19 has been detected in human albumin, human intravenous immunoglobulin, or human rabies immunoglobulin. Human parvovirus B19 nucleic acid may exist in commercially available coagulation factor products, highlighting the need for enhanced screening of human parvovirus B19 nucleic acid in these products. It is also recommended that B19 viral nucleic acid testing be conducted on source plasma, particularly for coagulation factor products.

ObjectiveTo identify the possible health impact of the 14th five⁃year plan for the development of employment and social security in Deqing County and propose improvement measures through health impact assessment. MethodsBased on the data of Deqing County， stakeholder interviews and Delphi Consultation Method， this study described the current status of employment and social security and analyzed the potential health impacts of implementing the 14th five⁃year plan for the development of employment and social security in Deqing County. ResultsThrough a quick assessment process， the results showed that the implementation of the plan would bring mixed health impacts. Positive impacts included enhanced social security capacity， improved health levels of low-income populations and families， increased convenience of medical treatment， and improved efficiency of health services. Negative impacts included reduced accessibility of digital services for the elderly， increased gap in benefits for retirees， increased risk of discrimination against disabled individuals， increased risks of layoffs and unemployment for vulnerable groups， and increased employment instability for middle-aged and elderly populations. ConclusionThe 14th five⁃year plan for the development of employment and social security in Deqing County will bring a series of positive health impacts， but negative health impacts also warrant attention.

Tumor cells use glycolysis to provide material and energy under hypoxic conditions to meet the energy requirements for rapid growth and proliferation， namely the Warburg effect. Even under aerobic conditions， tumor cells mainly rely on glycolysis to provide energy. Therefore， glucose transporter protein 1（GLUT1）， which is involved in the process of glucose metabolism， plays an important role in tumorigenesis， development and drug resistance， and is considered to be one of the important targets in the treatment of malignant tumors. In recent years， research on tumor glucose metabolism has gradually become a hot spot. It has been shown that various factors are involved in the regulation of tumor energy metabolism， among which the role of GLUT1 is the most critical. In this paper， the authors reviewed the latest research progress of GLUT1-targeted traditional Chinese medicine（TCM） active ingredient nano-delivery system in tumor therapy， aiming to reveal the feasibility and effectiveness of this system in the delivery of chemotherapeutic drugs. The GLUT1-targeted TCM active ingredient nano-delivery system can overcome the bottleneck of the traditional targeting strategy as well as the high-permeability long retention（EPR） effect. In summary， the authors believe that the GLUT1-targeted TCM active ingredient nano-delivery system provides a new strategy for targeted treatment of tumors and has a broad application prospect in tumor prevention and treatment.

Objective To observe the influence of different acceleration factors(AF)on compressed sensing susceptibility weighted imaging(CS-SWI)for cerebral medullary veins of healthy people,and to screen the best AF.Methods Forty healthy volunteers were prospectively enrolled.Axial brain SWI images were obtained with CS technique under different AF(AF0,CS2,CS4,CS6,CS8 and CS10),and the phase value(PV)and standard deviation(SD)of bilateral septal vein(SV),internal cerebral vein(ICV),thalamus vein(TV),basal vein(BV)and dentate nucleus vein(DNV)were measured.Taken PV and SD of parietal white matter as controls,the signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)and contrast-to-noise ratio(CNR)of venous images were calculated.Then the original images were reconstructed with minimum intensity projection,and the subjective quality scoring of reconstructed images were performed using a 5-point scale.SNR,CNR,PV and quality score were compared among images under different AF,and the best AF,i.e.with the best performances for displaying and quantitatively analyzing cerebral medullary veins in healthy people was obtained.Results Compared with those acquired with AF0,SNR and CNR of all cerebral medullary veins acquired with CS6,CS8 and CS10 were significantly different(all adjusted P＜0.05).Meanwhile,significant differences of PV in bilateral SV and right TV were found among CS6,CS8 and CS10,also in bilateral ICV,left TV and bilateral BV between CS8 and CS10(all adjusted P＜0.05).Conclusion Excessive AF might decrease image quality of CS-SWI for cerebral medullary veins.CS4 was the best AF for displaying and quantitatively analyzing cerebral medullary veins in healthy people.

Objective:To evaluate the development of fetal cerebral sulci and gyrus and the blood perfusion in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM) by ultrasound.Methods:A total of 1 540 pregnant women with 28-34 weeks of pregnancy who underwent systematic screening in Henan Provincial People′s Hospital from January 2022 to October 2022 were prospectively selected, 100 pregnant women with GDM were selected as the GDM group. According to the effect of blood glucose control, the GDM group was divided into 2 groups: the satisfied control group (GDM group 1), and the dissatisfied control group (GDM group 2), with 50 cases in each group. At the same period, 50 healthy pregnant women at 28-34 weeks of gestation were enrolled as the control group. The differences of the sylvian fissure, parietooccipital sulci, calcarine sulci and cinguli sulci among the 3 groups were statistically analyzed. And the correlations between the deep of the brain cerebral sulci and gyrus and controlled blood glucose levels were evaluated. The umbilical artery pulsation index(UAPI), middle cerebral artery pulsation index(MCAPI) and ductus venosus pulsation index(DVPI) among the 3 groups were compared, and the differences in fetal blood perfusion among the 3 groups were evaluated.Results:There were no significant differences in the depths of the sylvian fissure, parietooccipital sulci, calcarine sulci and cinguli sulci between the control group and the GDM group 1 (all P>0.05), and they were larger than those of the GDM group 2 (all P<0.05). The depths of lateral fissure, parieto-occipital sulcus, cingulate sulcus and calcarine sulcus were negatively correlated with fasting blood glucose, 1 h and 2 h postprandial blood glucose (all P<0.05). There were no significant differences in MCAPI, UAPI and DVPI between the control group and GDM1 group (all P>0.05). The MCAPI in GDM 2 group was lower than that in the control group and GDM 1 group, and the UAPI and DVPI values were higher than those in the control group and GDM1 group(all P<0.05). Conclusions:The maturity of fetal cerebral sulci and gyrus in GDM pregnant women is related to the blood glucose control of pregnant women. The change of blood perfusion caused by persistent hyperglycemia in pregnant women and intrauterine hypoxia may cause the development retardation of cerebral sulci and gyrus.

Objective:Gastric adenocarcinoma of the fundic gland type (GA-FG) is rare and often occurs in patients who are not infected with Helicobacter pylori. The current study analyzed and summarized the clinical, endoscopic, and pathological features of GA-FG, in an effort to improve its diagnosis. Methods:Patients who were diagnosed with GA-FG and treated with endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) resection at the Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University from January 1st 2020 to October 1st 2022 were included in the study. Their clinical manifestations, endoscopic features, pathological immunohistochemistry, and other characteristics were analyzed.Results:A total of 14 patients with GA-FG were included in the study, 5 males and 9 females, with a mean age of 59 years. Most had no substantial clinical manifestations. Twelve patients were H. pylori-negative, all patients underwent ESD resection, and all patients survived during the follow-up period of 13±9 months. Eleven patients had postoperative endoscopic follow-up records, and no recurrence was detected. Fifteen lesions were detected (2 were present in 1 patient). Twelve were located in the upper 1/3 of the stomach, 10 were ≤ 1 cm in diameter, 12 had a morphology of type 0-Ⅱa, 8 had visible discoloration changes, and 12 had visible vasodilation on the surface. Magnified endoscopy and narrow-band imaging indicated that 12 of the lesions had enlarged marginal crypt epithelium, without any obvious microvascular pattern abnormalities and no obvious borderline. After resection the pathological specimens were all without vascular infiltration, and there was no atrophy of the mucosa at the edge of the lesion. In immunohistochemistry analyses MUC-2 was negative in all cases. MUC5AC was negative in 11 cases, MUC-6 was positive in all cases, and Ki-67 was ≤ 5% in 12 cases. Conclusions:GA-FG is a newly identified type of gastric cancer with low malignancy and a good prognosis. Characteristic discoloration and surface dilated vessels are often evident endoscopically. Enlarged marginal crypt epithelium and no visible boundary lines are often apparent in magnification endoscopy and narrow band imaging.

Objective:To observe any effect of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on sleep disorders among children with cerebral palsy (CP).Methods:A total of 102 children with CP and disordered sleep were randomly divided into an experimental group and a control group, each of 51. All were given routine rehabilitation and sleep health education, but the experimental group additionally received rTMS for two weeks. The polysomnography (PSG) results of the two groups were recorded and analyzed.Results:The PSG parameters had improved greatly in both groups after the treatment. The percentage of N2 sleep (depth of sleep during light sleep) in the severe cerebral palsy group and of N3 sleep (depth of sleep during deep sleep) in the moderate cerebral palsy group had increased significantly more than in the mild cerebral palsy group, on average. After the intervention the percentages of N2 and N3 in those with mixed cerebral palsy and of N3 in those with involuntary motor cerebral palsy had increased significantly more than in those with spastic cerebral palsy, on average.Conclusion:rTMS treatment can improve the sleep disorders of children with cerebral palsy, especially N2 sleep among children with moderate to severe cerebral palsy, N3 sleep in cases of mixed or dyskinetic CP.

Objective:To establish a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) characteristic spectrum of Radix Actinidiae Chinensis decoction pieces, standard decoction and formula granules; To simultaneously determine the contents of index components; To study the transfer law of formula granules based on the extraction amount, content of Catechin and characteristic spectrum of standard decoction.Methods:15 batches of Radix Actinidiae Chinensis decoction pieces were collected, the standard decoction was prepared, and the extraction amount was measured. The HPLC fingerprints of decoction pieces, standard decoction and formula granules were established, and the characteristic peaks were calibrated and attributed. The content of Catechins in decoction pieces, standard decoction and formula granules was measured, and the transfer rate law was calculated. The yield rate, the common peak transmission number of fingerprints, the content and the transfer rate were the main evaluation indexes, and the law of the transmission of the magnitude value was analyzed.Results:The paste yield of 15 batches of Radix Actinidiae Chinensis standard decoction ranged from 3.9%-6.3%. A total of 4 characteristic peaks were calibrated in the feature map, and peak 2 was identified as Protocatechuic acid and peak 4 as Catechin; 6 characteristic peaks were detected in Actinidia chinensis Planchon decoction pieces, standard decoction and formula granules, and their relative retention times were all within the specified range. The content of Catechins in Radix Actinidiae Chinensis decoction pieces was 0.4%-1.4%, which was 3.8%-4.9% in formula granules. The transfer rate of decoction pieces-standard decoction was 13.6%-38.3%, and the decoction-formula granules was 15.5%-21.2%.Conclusions:The mass transfer between Radix Actinidiae Chinensis decoction pieces, standard decoction and formula granules has a good migration. The formula granules also have a good correlation and consistency with the standard decoction, which indicating that the preparation process of Radix Actinidiae Chinensis is reasonable and feasible.