Intracranial aneurysms in children are rare in clinical practice.Its pathogenesis is not clear,and the treatment method has many controversies.The authors reported a case of pediatric intracranial aneurysms associated with neurofibromatosis type Ⅰ treated with two flow diverters,and reviewed relevant literatures,hoping to provide a useful reference for exploring the treatment of pediatric intracranial aneurysms.

Objective To evaluate the feasibility,reliability and validity of the symptom identification scale for kidney yang deficiency syndrome.Methods The symptom identification scale for kidney yang deficiency syndrome developed in previous research was administered to 200 vascular cognitive impairment patients from September 2020 to September 2022 to assess feasibility through recall rate,completion rate,and completion time;reliability was measured using retest reliability,split-half reliability,homogeneity reliability,and inter-rater reliability;and validity was evaluated based on discriminant and structural validity.Results A total of 200 scales were sent out,and all of them cooperated and were completed and retrieved within 20 min.The results of reliability analysis showed that the retest reliability of the scale was 0.828 for the dimension of yang deficiency and 0.718 for the dimension of kidney qi deficiency;the Spearman-Brown coefficient of split-half reliability was 0.784;the Cronbach coefficient of the dimension of yang deficiency was 0.799,and the Cronbach coefficient of the dimension of kidney qi deficiency in the homogeneity reliability was 0.670.The results of the analysis showed that the differences between the kidney yang deficiency syndrome group and the non-kidney yang deficiency syndrome group in the yang deficiency dimension,kidney qi deficiency dimension scores and total scale scores in the discriminant validity were statistically significant(P<0.001);the KMO value in the structural validity was 0.842,and a total of two factors with eigenvalues greater than 1 were extracted,with a cumulative variance contribution rate of 58.227%.Conclusion The symptom identification scale for kidney yang deficiency syndrome demonstrates adequate reliability and validity,potentially enhancing the prediction of kidney yang deficiency in vascular cognitive impairment.However,the validity of the scale is somewhat limited and requires further refinement for clinical application.

Guided bone regeneration technology applied in alveolar bone defect regeneration is based on the barrier function and space maintenance of the barrier membrane. Therefore, traditional development strategies for barrier membranes focus on their physical barrier function, degradation characteristics and biocompatibility to avoid immunogenicity. However, not only does the barrier membrane passively block connective tissue, it is recognized as a “foreign body”that triggers a persistent host immune response, known as a foreign body reaction. The theories of osteoimmunology reveal a close relationship between the immune system and bone system and emphasize the role of immune cells in bone tissue-related pathophysiological processes. Based on these findings, we propose a novel development strategy for barrier membranes based on immune microenvironment regulation: by manipulating mechanical properties, surface properties and physiochemical properties, barrier membranes are endowed with an improved immunomodulation ability, which helps to regulate immune cell reactions to induce a favorable local immune microenvironment, thus coordinating osteogenesis and osteoclastogenesis as well as barrier membrane degradation to increase the efficiency of barrier membranes in GBR applications. In this paper, we review the development of barrier membranes and their close relationship to the immune microenvironment concerning bone regeneration and membrane degradation. Additionally, the outcomes of research on barrier membranes based on the regulation of the immune microenvironment have been summarized to improve the osteogenesis efficiency of barrier membranes and solve the problem of the regeneration and repair of bone defects, especially alveolar bone defects.

Objective:To Chinesize the Cardiac Exercise Self-Efficacy Instrument (CESEI) and evaluate its reliability and validity.Methods:A Chinese version of CESEI by translation, back translation and cultural adjustment. From January to February 2021, totally 176 inpatients in the Department of Cardiology from a ClassⅢ Grade A hospital in Shanghai were selected as the research subjects by convenient sampling and investigated with the Chinese version of CESEI to evaluate the reliability and validity of the instrument.Results:The Chinese version of CESEI included 16 items in 1 dimension. The analysis results revealed that the correlation coefficient between the items and the instrument's total score was 0.672-0.800. Validity analysis results showed that the content validity index of the instrument was 0.96, with a good structural validity. Reliability analysis results demonstrated that the retest correlation coefficient, split-half reliability, and Cronbach's α coefficient of the instrument was 0.855, 0.899, and 0.941.Conclusions:The Chinese version of CESEI has good reliability and validity and can be used to evaluate the self-efficacy of patients with cardiac exercise.

Objective To translate Rheumatoid Arthritis Self-efficacy Scale (RASE) into Chinese and to evaluate its reliability and validity. Methods A total of 188 hospitalized patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) were selected as research subjects through convenience sampling method. According to the translation mode of the scale, Chinesization and cultural adjustment were conducted to the English version of RASEto test reliability and validity. Results Item analysis showed that the Chinese version of RASE could discriminate the high-score group from the low-score group (P<0.01). Pearson correlation analysis showed that the correlation coefficient between the score of each item and the total score of the Chinese version of RASE was positively correlated (P<0.01).Exploratory factor analysis extracted a total of 8 common factors, which explained 68.55％of the total variance. The Cronbachαof the Chinese version of RASE was 0.901, and Cronbachαof each dimension ranged from 0.660 to 0.867;the retest reliability was 0.955 after 1 week, and ranged from 0.819 to 0.984 for each dimension;the split-half reliability coefficient was 0.848. Conclusion The Chinese version of RASE has good reliability and validity, which can be applied to the research of self-efficacy of patients with RA in China.

Objective: To explore the effect of anxiety, depression, perceived social support on maternal-fetal attachment (MFA) in women during late pregnancy. Method: A sample of 207 cases of women during late pregnancy was assessed with Maternal Antenatal Attachment Scale, Perceived Social Support Scale and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Results: Anxiety and depression scores were negatively correlated with MFA scores (r=-0.401,-0.416, P<0.01); perceived social support scores were negatively correlated with anxiety and depression (r=-0.233,-0.362, P<0.01), but positively correlated with MFA scores (r=0.200, P<0.01). The interactive effects of anxiety×perceived social support and depression × perceived social support on MFA were significant(β=0.196、0.204, P<0.01). Conclusion Perceived social support played a moderating role between negative emotion and MFA.

Objective: To investigate the effect of long-term exposure of nitrogen dioxide on the incidence of hypertension. Methods: From March to December 2009, 37 386 eligible residents from four cities in northern China (Tianjin, Shenyang, Taiyuan, and Rizhao) were enrolled in a follow-up study by using the random cluster sampling method. Demographic characteristics, lifestyle, history of diseases, and self-report situation of hypertension were collected by using questionnaire. Based on the average annual concentration of NO₂ during the period from the cohort to the onset of hypertension as an estimate of exposure, the effect of NO₂ exposure on hypertension was analyzed by employing Cox proportional hazards model. The interactions between NO₂ exposure and different characteristics (age, sex, body mass index, smoking, alcohol consumption, education, economy, exercise, and fruit intake) were also examined. Results: The baseline age of residents was (43.74±13.78) years, and the body mass index (BMI) was (22.56±2.92) kg/m². During an average follow-up time of 11.40 years, 2 619 (7.0%) new cases of hypertension were reported. The overall mean environmental pollution levels during the study period for the entire cohort was (40.74±17.07) μg/m³. After adjusting for age, sex, BMI, family history of hypertension, socio-economic information, and lifestyle, the hazard ratio (HR) of incident hypertension with a 10 μg/m³ increase of NO₂ was 1.21 (95%CI: 1.18-1.25). Compared with residents aged 60 years and over (HR=1.19, 95%CI: 1.14-1.26), former and current smoking (HR=1.20, 95%CI: 1.14-1.25), and high-frequency fruit consumption (HR=1.17, 95%CI: 1.13-1.21), residents younger than 60 years (HR=1.28, 95%CI: 1.25-1.32), non-smoker (HR=1.23, 95%CI: 1.19-1.27), and low-frequency fruit consumption (HR=1.27, 95%CI: 1.20-1.35) had stronger interaction effect with NO₂ (all P values for interaction<0.05). Conclusion NO₂ exposure may lead to the onset of hypertension, which has a stronger effect on people younger than 60 years old, without smoking history and with low-frequency fruit consumption.

The typical manifestations of rheumatoid arthritis are joint pain, swollen and morning stiffness.If the disease is not treated promptly and reasonably,most patients will face joint deformity and physical disability. At present, the choice of evaluation tools related to physical disability is still lack of basis, the influencing factors have not reached the academic consensus, the related interventions are insufficient, rheumatoid arthritis patientsˊ rehabilitation and quality of life can be affected. This article reviews the above three aspects in order to provide the theoretical basis for the development of similar studies and interventions in China.

Objective To retrospectively evaluate the role of consolidative repeat radiofrequency ablation (CRRFA) based on safety margin (SM) analyses in local tumor control for alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) negative hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients who had been shown to have radiological complete ablation (CA) with radiofrequency ablation (RFA). Methods From July 2002 to July 2009,152 AFP negative HCC patients who were shown to have radiological CA with RFA therapy were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, 110 patients had a SM of less than 1 cm and the other 42 patients had a SM of 1cm or more. Among 110 patients with SM less than 1 cm, fifty nine patients accepted CRRFA within 6 months after the first RFA and 51 did not. From these patients, a narrow SM-CRRFA group (n=41) and a narrow SM-single RFA group (n=37) were enrolled respectively. The wide SM-single RFA group (n= 30) was enrolled from the 42 patients with a SM of 1 cm or more.The LTP (local tumor progression)-free survival rate of the 3 groups were compared with a log-rank test. Results One-, two-, three-, four-, and five-year LTP-free survival rates respectively were 97. 1%, 90.9%, 69.6%, 47.2%, and 33. 0% in the narrow SM-CRRFA patients. 85.9%, 66. 5%,43.5%, 15.8%, and 0. 0%, in the narrow SM-single RFA patients, and were 92.7%, 83.7%,59.3%, 36. 9%, and 9.2% in the wide SM-single RFA patients. There were statistically significant differences (χ2 = 14. 789, P= 0. 001) between the groups. Conclusions An ablation zone with an SM of 1 cm or greater was the most important factor for local control of AFP negative HCC ranging from 3 to 5 cm in diameter. For these patients with a SM of less than 1 cm, CRRFA improved the overall local control outcomes.