ObjectiveTo establish an ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem triple quadrupole mass spectrometry（UHPLC-QqQ-MS） for determination of the active ingredients in Erdongtang， and to predict the targets and pathways of anti-insulin resistance action of this formula. MethodThe analysis was performed on an ACQUITY UPLC BEH C₁₈ column（2.1 mm×100 mm， 1.7 μm） with the mobile phase of 0.1% formic acid aqueous solution（A）-acetonitrile（B） for gradient elution（0-3 min， 90%-87%A； 3-6 min， 87%-86%A； 6-9 min， 86%-83%A； 9-11 min， 83%-75%A； 11-18 min， 75%-70%A； 18-19 min， 70%-52%A； 19-22 min， 52%A； 22-25 min， 52%-5%A； 25-27 min， 5%-90%A； 27-30 min， 90%A）. The contents of active ingredients in Erdongtang was detected by electrospray ionization（ESI） and multiple reaction monitoring（MRM） mode under positive and negative ion modes. On this basis， network pharmacology was applied to predict the targets and pathways of Erdongtang exerting anti-insulin resistance effect. ResultThe 20 active ingredients in Erdongtang showed good linear relationships within a certain mass concentration range， and the precision， stability， repeatability and recovery rate were good. The results of determination showed that the ingredients with high content in 15 batches of samples were baicalein（1 259.39-1 635.78 mg·L^-1）， baicalin（1 078.37-1 411.52 mg·L^-1）， the ingredients with medium content were mangiferin（148.59-217.04 mg·L^-1）， timosaponin BⅡ（245.10-604.89 mg·L^-1）， quercetin-3-O-glucuronide（89.30-423.26 mg·L^-1）， rutin（46.91-1 553.61 mg·L^-1）， glycyrrhizic acid（55.97-391.47 mg·L^-1）， neomangiferin（37.45-127.03 mg·L^-1）， nuciferine（0.89-63.48 mg·L^-1）， hyperoside（6.96-136.78 mg·L^-1）， liquiritin（30.89-122.78 mg·L^-1）， liquiritigenin（26.64-110.67 mg·L^-1）， protodioscin（58.57-284.26 mg·L^-1）， the ingredients with low content were wogonin（7.16-20.74 mg·L^-1）， pseudoprotodioscin（5.49-22.96 mg·L^-1）， ginsenoside Rb₁（7.31-23.87 mg·L^-1）， ginsenoside Rg₁（10.78-28.33 mg·L^-1）， ginsenoside Re（7.78-24.76 mg·L^-1）， ophiopogonin D（2.08-4.29 mg·L^-1）， methylophiopogonanone A（0.74-1.67 mg·L^-1）. The results of network pharmacology indicated that the mechanism of anti-insulin resistance exerted by Erdongtang might be related to the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B（PI3K/Akt） signaling pathway. ConclusionThe established UHPLC-QqQ-MS has the advantages of simple sample processing， strong exclusivity and high sensitivity， and can simultaneously determine the contents of the main ingredients from seven herbs in Erdongtang， which can lay the foundation for the development of Erdongtang compound preparations. The results of the network pharmacology can provide a reference for the mechanism study of Erdongtang in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Objective To analyze the differences in static balance plantar pressure characteristics between female adolescent idiopathic scoliosis(AIS)patients with moderate Lenke 3CN and healthy adolescents of the same age,and provide a scientific basis for scoliosis screening,assessment,treatment,and prognosis evaluation.Methods A total of 30 female patients with moderate Lenke 3CN AIS as the AIS group and 30 healthy female adolescents of the same age as the control group were selected,respectively.The plantar pressure data of the subjects were collected,and the characteristics of equilibrium plantar pressure distributions in two groups were comparatively analyzed.Results Regarding the plantar pressure characteristics,the average pressure(P<0.05)and hindfoot pressure(P<0.05)of the left and right foot in the AIS group were significantly greater than those of the control group,the forefoot pressure was significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.05),and the symmetry index(SI)of both feet was significantly greater than that of the control group(P<0.05).The plantar pressure of the left foot in the AIS group was significantly larger than that of the control group in the medial mid-foot area and 1st toe area(P<0.05),and significantly smaller than that of the control group in the 1st,2nd,3rd,4th and 5th metatarsal areas(P<0.05);the plantar pressure of the right foot in the AIS group was significantly greater than that of the control group in the medial heel area and the1st toe area(P<0.05),and significantly smaller than that of the control group in the lateral mid-foot area,the 3rd,4th,5th metatarsal area and 3rd,4th,5th toe area(P<0.05);and the plantar pressure in the right foot of the AIS group was significantly smaller than that of the control group in the medial heel area and 1st toe area(P<0.05).The plantar pressures at lateral midfoot area,the 3rd,4th,5th metatarsal area and the 3rd,4th,5th toe area of the right foot were significantly larger than those of the control group(P<0.05).Regarding the center of pressure(COP),the length of the COP trajectory,the ellipse area of the 95%confidence interval,the maximum distance of COP left-right movement(COP-X),and the maximum distance of COP anterior-posterior movement(COP-Y)of the AIS group were significantly larger than those of the control group(P<0.05).Conclusions There are significant differences in static balance plantar pressure characteristics between female AIS patients with moderate Lenke 3CN and healthy female adolescents of the same age,with foot pressure favoring the side of the lateral convexity,poorer symmetry and stability of the feet,and weaker balance control.

Intracranial aneurysms in children are rare in clinical practice.Its pathogenesis is not clear,and the treatment method has many controversies.The authors reported a case of pediatric intracranial aneurysms associated with neurofibromatosis type Ⅰ treated with two flow diverters,and reviewed relevant literatures,hoping to provide a useful reference for exploring the treatment of pediatric intracranial aneurysms.

Objective To translate the Peritoneal Dialysis Care Burden Questionnaire(PDCBQ)into Chinese version,and to test its reliability and validity.Methods The modified Brislin translation model was used to perform literal translation,back translation,expert translation,original author review,cultural adjustment and pre-investigation to form the Chinese version of PDCBQ.The convenience sampling method was used to select 274 caregivers of peritoneal dialysis patients who were revisited in the peritoneal dialysis center of a tertiary A general hospital in Tianjin from January to April 2024 as the investigation subjects to verify the reliability and validity of the scale.Results The Chinese version of PDCBQ has a total of 30 items,which are divided into 3 dimensions,including patient dependence,subjective burden and objective burden.A total of 3 common factors were extracted by exploratory factor analysis,and the cumulative variance contribution rate was 77.366％.The structure validity x2/df was 2.415;the norm fit index was 0.919;the relative fit index was 0.903;the incremental fit index(IFI)was 0.951;the Tucker-Lewis index was 0.941;the comparative fit index was 0.950;root mean square error of approximation was 0.072.The structural equation has a good fit.The total Cronbach's alpha coefficient of the Chinese version PDCBQ was 0.984,and the item-level content validity index was 0.875～1.000.The total half-reliability and test-retest reliability of the scale were 0.975 and 0.984.Conclusion The Chinese version of PDCBQ has good reliability and validity and can be used to evaluate the burden of peritoneal dialysis caregivers in China.

The paper reviewed the development course and achievements of hospice and palliative care, looked forward to the trend of informatization and standardization of palliative care service, and popular trend of death education.

Objective To translate Rheumatoid Arthritis Self-efficacy Scale (RASE) into Chinese and to evaluate its reliability and validity. Methods A total of 188 hospitalized patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) were selected as research subjects through convenience sampling method. According to the translation mode of the scale, Chinesization and cultural adjustment were conducted to the English version of RASEto test reliability and validity. Results Item analysis showed that the Chinese version of RASE could discriminate the high-score group from the low-score group (P<0.01). Pearson correlation analysis showed that the correlation coefficient between the score of each item and the total score of the Chinese version of RASE was positively correlated (P<0.01).Exploratory factor analysis extracted a total of 8 common factors, which explained 68.55％of the total variance. The Cronbachαof the Chinese version of RASE was 0.901, and Cronbachαof each dimension ranged from 0.660 to 0.867;the retest reliability was 0.955 after 1 week, and ranged from 0.819 to 0.984 for each dimension;the split-half reliability coefficient was 0.848. Conclusion The Chinese version of RASE has good reliability and validity, which can be applied to the research of self-efficacy of patients with RA in China.

Objective: To explore the effect of anxiety, depression, perceived social support on maternal-fetal attachment (MFA) in women during late pregnancy. Method: A sample of 207 cases of women during late pregnancy was assessed with Maternal Antenatal Attachment Scale, Perceived Social Support Scale and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Results: Anxiety and depression scores were negatively correlated with MFA scores (r=-0.401,-0.416, P<0.01); perceived social support scores were negatively correlated with anxiety and depression (r=-0.233,-0.362, P<0.01), but positively correlated with MFA scores (r=0.200, P<0.01). The interactive effects of anxiety×perceived social support and depression × perceived social support on MFA were significant(β=0.196、0.204, P<0.01). Conclusion Perceived social support played a moderating role between negative emotion and MFA.

The paper systematically summarizes the history, current situation and existing problems of the theoretical research, teaching and clinical practice of Hospice and Palliative care in China, and put forward suggestions to promote the healthy development of Hospice and Palliative care in China, so as to provide reference for popularizing and improving the service quality of Hospice and Palliative care.

The typical manifestations of rheumatoid arthritis are joint pain, swollen and morning stiffness.If the disease is not treated promptly and reasonably,most patients will face joint deformity and physical disability. At present, the choice of evaluation tools related to physical disability is still lack of basis, the influencing factors have not reached the academic consensus, the related interventions are insufficient, rheumatoid arthritis patientsˊ rehabilitation and quality of life can be affected. This article reviews the above three aspects in order to provide the theoretical basis for the development of similar studies and interventions in China.

Objective To investigate the status and influencing factors of fear of falling (FOF) in patients with first ever cerebral infarction. Methods A sample of 105 inpatients with cerebral infarction were recruited from two tertiary hospitals in Tianjin (Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of TCM) to complete this research. They were investigated with the simplified Chinese version of Falls Efficacy Scale International-short (FES-Is), Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), Barthel Index Rating Scale (BI) and Functional Ambulation Category Scale (FAC). Results The total score of FES-Is was 15.38±7.45. Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that age, marital status, fall history, walking ability and anxiety were important factors of FOF. Conclusions Clinical staff should guide the patients with first cerebral infarction especially who had a history of falling to take active and effective measures to deal with their FOF, and pay more attention on patients who was elderly, without a spouse, assisted walking and anxiety, to release their FOF, prevent the falling and promote the functional recovery of patients.