BACKGROUND: Camptodactyly refers to permanent flexion contracture at the proximal interphalangeal joint. Most cases are limited to fifth-finger involvement. Although common, the treatment of camptodactyly is controversial. Many published studies have emphasized conservative treatment, while others have described surgical procedures. The problem with this deformity is that it presents in several forms, which means that there is no single model for effective treatment. The aim of this paper is to present the difficulties encountered with this condition and the management thereof on an individual basis. METHODS: This is a case series of 14 patients (nine males, five females) who underwent surgical treatment. The results were classified using the method from Mayo Clinic as excellent, good, fair, and poor. RESULTS: Fourteen patients with 15 fingers underwent surgery, and the results achieved were as follows: excellent, 0; good, 1; fair, 6; poor, 8. The treatment of camptodactyly still remains controversial, and hence proper planning individualized to each patient is needed to achieve the maximal improvement with realistic goals. CONCLUSIONS: Although we performed individualised surgery, our careful follow-up was not able to identify any method as superior over another with respect to gain in extension and loss of flexion. We therefore propose that the extensor mechanism should not be disturbed during surgery to treat camptodactyly cases.
Ankylosis ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Contracture ; Fingers ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Joints ; Male ; Methods ; Plastics* ; Surgery, Plastic*

The aim of this study was to present a case series of the orthognathic treatment of facial asymmetry due to temporomandibular joint (TMJ) ankylosis and to characterize the current treatment modalities through a literature review. Four patients who presented with facial asymmetry due to TMJ ankylosis between 2010 and 2014 were included in this study. TMJ ankylosis was surgically treated before bimaxillary surgery with advancement genioplasty in some of the cases. In 2 cases, 3-dimensional (3D) models were used for diagnosis and treatment planning, as 3D models are very important tools for planning surgical maneuvers. Aesthetically pleasant facial symmetry and a good facial profile were obtained in all the cases.
Ankylosis ; Cephalometry ; Diagnosis ; Facial Asymmetry ; Genioplasty ; Humans ; Maxillofacial Development ; Orthognathic Surgery ; Temporomandibular Joint

BACKGROUND: The surgical extraction of the third molar is the most frequently encountered procedure in oral and maxillofacial surgery and is related with a variety of complications. This study examined the efficacy of intentional partial odontectomy (IPO) in the third molars which have no periapical lesions and are located near important anatomical structures such as inferior alveolar nerve. METHODS: Seven patients (four males, three females, 39.1 ± 11.6 years), who received IPO to reduce the risk of inferior alveolar nerve injury (IANI), were followed long-term. The treated teeth were horizontally impacted third molars in the mandibular left (n = 5) or mandibular right (n = 4) areas and were all ankylosed with the surrounding alveolar bone. During the IPO, the bone around the crown was removed to expose the crown, and then the tooth was resected at cement-enamel junction (CEJ). Any secondary trauma to the healthy root was minimized and remained intact after primary suture. RESULTS: The mean follow-up time was 63.2 ± 29.8 months, and all sites showed good bone healing after the crown removal. Also, sensory abnormality was not found in any patients after IPO. In one patient, the bone fragments erupted 4 months after IPO. In other patient, an implant placed on second molar site adjacent to the third molar that received IPO was explanted about 2 years after the patient’s persistent discomfort. CONCLUSIONS: In case where high risk of IANI exists, IPO may be chosen alternatively to surgical extraction to reduce the risk of nerve damage. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (10.1186/s40902-017-0127-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Compassion Fatigue ; Crowns ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies* ; Humans ; Hypercementosis ; Male ; Mandibular Nerve ; Molar ; Molar, Third ; Surgery, Oral ; Sutures ; Tooth ; Tooth Ankylosis ; Tooth Extraction

We conducted a retrospective study and reviewed the temporomandibular joint (TMJ)-related papers published in a leading international journal, Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, between January 2014 and December 2015. The study was conducted to ascertain and compare the trends of articles being published in the years 2014 and 2015. A total of 28 articles were reviewed, of which most of the full-length articles were on clinical management and outcomes and the role of radiology. The bulk of the studies were prospective, and less interest was shown in experimental research. A thorough review and analysis thus gives the impression that there is a great need for well-designed clinical studies on TMJ.
Ankylosis ; Prospective Studies ; Retrospective Studies ; Surgery, Oral ; Temporomandibular Joint ; Temporomandibular Joint Disorders

This article summarized the advances in treatment and research of temporomandibular joint surgery in the last 5 years which was presented in "The 2nd Condyle Fracture and Temporomandibular Joint Ankylosis Symposium". The content includes 5 parts: non-surgical treatment of children condyle fracture and long-term follow-up, the improvement of operative approach for condyle fracture and key techniques, the importance and the method for the simultanesous reduction of disc in condylar fracture treatment, the development of traumatic temporomandibular joint ankylosis similar to hypertrophic non-union and the improved safety and accuracy by applying digital surgery in joint surgery.
Ankylosis ; etiology ; Humans ; Mandibular Condyle ; injuries ; Mandibular Fractures ; complications ; therapy ; Temporomandibular Joint ; surgery ; Temporomandibular Joint Disorders ; etiology

OBJECTIVETo assess the safety and the accuracy of surgical navigation technology in the resection of severe ankylosis of the mandibular condyle with the middle cranial fossa.

METHODSThe CT scan data was transferred to a Windows-based computer workstation, and the patient' s individual anatomy was assessed in multiplanar views at the workstation. In the operation, the patient and the virtual image were matched by individual registration with the reference points which were set on the skull bone surface and the teeth. Then the real time navigation can be performed.

RESULTSThe acquisition of the data sets was uncomplicated, and image quality was sufficient to assess the operative result in three cases. The operations were performed successfully with the guidance of real-time navigation. The application of surgical navigation have enhanced the safety and the accuracy of the surgery for bony ankylosis of temporomandibular joint.

CONCLUSIONSThe application of surgical navigation can improve the accuracy and safety of surgical excision of the ankylosed skull base tissue.

Anatomic Landmarks ; anatomy & histology ; Ankylosis ; surgery ; Humans ; Skull ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Surgery, Computer-Assisted ; methods ; Temporomandibular Joint ; surgery ; Temporomandibular Joint Disorders ; surgery ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Ankylosis ; surgery ; Humans ; Temporomandibular Joint Disorders ; surgery

BACKGROUND: Symphalangism is a rare congenital difference characterized by ankylosis of interphalangeal (IP) joints of the fingers and toes. In adults, there were several attempts to restore the stiff joints into mobile ones, but these treatment options resulted in poor outcomes and could not be applied to growing children. Here, we report our experiences on surgical treatment for children who had symphalangism of the hand. METHODS: We treated 36 joints in 17 children with symphalangism of the hand using dorsal capsulotomy and collateral ligament release. The diagnoses were based on history, physical examination, and simple radiographs. Affected fingers were classified according to our grading system. Simple compressive dressing was applied using Coban after surgery. Passive range of motion (ROM) exercise was started on day one or 2 postoperative, with the help of a hand therapist and patients' parents. The patients were prescribed passive ROM exercises for at least 2 hours a day over a period of 6 months. RESULTS: A single surgeon operated on 30 proximal IP joints, 3 distal IP joints, and 3 IP joints of the thumb. Twenty six joints were classified as grade I, and 10 as grade II. The ROM of affected joints, which was 7.8 +/- 8.1 (mean +/- SD) degrees preoperatively, increased to 46.8 +/- 18.6 degrees at final follow-up. The final ROM was significantly better in grade I joints, especially when the children had operations at ages 24 months or younger. CONCLUSIONS: Symphalangism of the hand in children, can be restored into a mobile joint by release of the collateral ligament, a dorsal capsulotomy, and postoperative physical therapy.
Age Factors ; Ankylosis/radiography/surgery ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Finger Joint/abnormalities/radiography/surgery ; Humans ; Infant ; Joint Diseases/classification/*congenital/radiography/surgery ; Ligaments/surgery ; Male ; Orthopedic Procedures/methods ; Physical Examination ; *Range of Motion, Articular ; Statistics, Nonparametric ; Treatment Outcome

BACKGROUND: Symphalangism is a rare congenital difference characterized by ankylosis of interphalangeal (IP) joints of the fingers and toes. In adults, there were several attempts to restore the stiff joints into mobile ones, but these treatment options resulted in poor outcomes and could not be applied to growing children. Here, we report our experiences on surgical treatment for children who had symphalangism of the hand. METHODS: We treated 36 joints in 17 children with symphalangism of the hand using dorsal capsulotomy and collateral ligament release. The diagnoses were based on history, physical examination, and simple radiographs. Affected fingers were classified according to our grading system. Simple compressive dressing was applied using Coban after surgery. Passive range of motion (ROM) exercise was started on day one or 2 postoperative, with the help of a hand therapist and patients' parents. The patients were prescribed passive ROM exercises for at least 2 hours a day over a period of 6 months. RESULTS: A single surgeon operated on 30 proximal IP joints, 3 distal IP joints, and 3 IP joints of the thumb. Twenty six joints were classified as grade I, and 10 as grade II. The ROM of affected joints, which was 7.8 +/- 8.1 (mean +/- SD) degrees preoperatively, increased to 46.8 +/- 18.6 degrees at final follow-up. The final ROM was significantly better in grade I joints, especially when the children had operations at ages 24 months or younger. CONCLUSIONS: Symphalangism of the hand in children, can be restored into a mobile joint by release of the collateral ligament, a dorsal capsulotomy, and postoperative physical therapy.
Age Factors ; Ankylosis/radiography/surgery ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Finger Joint/abnormalities/radiography/surgery ; Humans ; Infant ; Joint Diseases/classification/*congenital/radiography/surgery ; Ligaments/surgery ; Male ; Orthopedic Procedures/methods ; Physical Examination ; *Range of Motion, Articular ; Statistics, Nonparametric ; Treatment Outcome

Myositis ossificans is defined as formation of bone at the site of injured muscle. It is one of the rare complications of supracondylar fracture of humerus in children. Myositis mass usually develops on the anterior aspect in the brachialis muscle and produces restriction of range of motion, but complete ankylosis is rare. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case to be reported in the literature as a consequence of myositis ossificans traumatica. In this case, a six-year-old child presented to the casualty department with pain in the right elbow after a fall on outstretched hand during play. After surgical excision through the anterior approach, the child had no symptoms referable to the elbow and a residual flexion deformity of 15 degrees with further painless flexion up to 100 degrees at last follow-up of one year after surgery.
Ankylosis ; Child ; Elbow Joint ; Humans ; Humeral Fractures ; surgery ; Humerus ; Range of Motion, Articular