Aortic dissection is a common acute aortic syndrome. Its incidence and detection rate have been increasing in recent years, and it has received clinical attention. The treatment of aortic dissection is primarily based on the morphological characteristics and complications of the lesion. The main treatment methods include drug conservative treatment, open surgery, and intracavitary interventional therapy. With the continuous development of endovascular treatment technology and instruments, hybrid technology, windowing technology, chimney technology, branch technology, and other derivative technologies have emerged. This paper reviews the current status and progress of the treatment of Stanford type B aortic dissection, and provides a reference for clinical surgical selection.

Objective To investigate the effect of Yangxue Rougan pills on a rat model of liver fibrosis induced by multiple factors and the mechanism of action of Yangxue Rougan pills in the treatment of liver fibrosis. Methods A total of 50 male rats were randomly divided into blank control group, multi-factor model group, Fuzheng Huayu capsule group, and high-, middle-, and low-dose Yangxue Rougan pill groups. The rats in the blank control group were given normal water and feed, and those in the other groups were given modified high-fat low-protein diet and 5% alcohol, as well as subcutaneous injection of olive oil solution containing 40% carbon tetrachloride and intraperitoneal injection of pig serum 0.5 mL per rat, twice a week for 12 consecutive weeks. Since week 7, the rats in the high-, middle-, and low-dose Yangxue Rougan pill groups were given Yangxue Rougan pills at a dose of 9.5, 4.75, and 2.38 g/kg, respectively, those in the Fuzheng Huayu capsule group were given Fuzheng Huayu capsules at a dose of 0.75 g/kg, and those in the blank control group and the multi-factor model group were given an equal volume of distilled water by gavage every day for 6 consecutive weeks. The rats were treated at week 12. HE staining and Masson staining were used to observe the degree of liver fibrosis in rats, and PCR and Western blot were used to measure the expression of TGF-β1, Smad3, and Smad7 in the liver. A one-way analysis of variance was used for comparison of continuous data between multiple groups, and the Dunnett's t -test was used for further comparison between two groups. Results Compared with the blank control group, the multi-factor model group had a severely damaged lobular structure and a significantly higher degree of liver fibrosis, with the formation of pseudolobules with different sizes; compared with the multi-factor model group, the Yangxue Rougan pill groups had a significant improvement in the degree of liver fibrosis, with the most significant therapeutic effect in the high- and middle-dose Yangxue Rougan pill groups. Compared with the blank control group, the multi-factor model group had significant increases in the expression of TGF-β1 and Smad3 and a significant reduction in the expression of Smad7 in liver tissue (all P < 0.05); compared with the multi-factor model group, the Yangxue Rougan pill groups had a significant reduction in the expression of TGF-β1 and a significant increase in the expression of Smad7 (all P < 0.05); compared with the multi-factor model group, the high- and middle-dose Yangxue Rougan pill groups had a significant reduction in the expression of Smad3 (both P < 0.05). Conclusion Yangxue Rougan pills can significantly inhibit liver fibrosis in rats by downregulating the expression of TGF-β1 and Smad3 and upregulating the expression of Smad7, and therefore, the TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway is one of the mechanisms of action of Yangxue Rougan pills in improving liver fibrosis.

Maintenance hemodialysis can improve many symptoms of patients with end-stage renal disease, but long-term dialysis can cause various physiological symptoms and psychological negative emotions. As a positive psychological change, post-traumatic growth plays a role in relieving patients' psychological pressure and reducing their pain. However, the post-traumatic growth of patients with maintenance hemodialysis needs to be improved. This article reviewed the status, influencing factors and interventions of post-traumatic growth in maintenance hemodialysis patients in order to provide reference for psychological care of such patients.

Objective:To investigate the clinical effect of laparoscopic assisted removal of greater omentum free transplantation combined with skin grafting for the repair of large area refractory wounds.Methods:From June 2013 to June 2018, 18 cases of lower extremity skin and soft tissue defects with multiple bone, joint, tendon and internal plants exposure were admitted to Hanzhong Central Hospital, including 12 males and 6 females, aged from 15 to 50 years old, with an average age of 32.6 years old. The area of skin and soft tissue defect: 30 cm×12 cm-53 cm×21 cm. The operation was divided into two stages. In the first stage, the greater omentum was acquired with the assist of laparoscope and free transplanted to cover the wound. After the greater omentum free transplantation was confirmed to survive, the split-thickness skin graft was applied for wound repair.Postoperative survival of the greater omentum and skin grafting, complications, appearance and function of lower limbs were observed and followed up.Results:The 18 operations were performed successfully, the area of omentum resection was 25 cm×10 cm-35 cm×15 cm, all the greater omentums survived after operation without complications such as intestinal adhesion, volvulus and peritonitis. The area of the skin grafting was 36 cm×8 cm-45 cm×22 cm. 16 cases skin grafting survived completely, 2 cases skin grafting were necrosis just local small area, and scar healed after dressing change. Postoperative follow-up of 6-12 months showed good appearance and function of lower limbs and satisfactory results.Conclusions:For the large area soft tissue defect wound of lower extremity, complicated with multiple deep tissues such as bone, joint and internal materials exposed, the greater omentum free transplantation under laparoscope combined with medium thick skin graft second stage has the advantages of good appearance and function after wound healing, less donor injury and fewer postoperative complications.

Objective:To investigate the clinical effect of laparoscopic assisted removal of greater omentum free transplantation combined with skin grafting for the repair of large area refractory wounds.Methods:From June 2013 to June 2018, 18 cases of lower extremity skin and soft tissue defects with multiple bone, joint, tendon and internal plants exposure were admitted to Hanzhong Central Hospital, including 12 males and 6 females, aged from 15 to 50 years old, with an average age of 32.6 years old. The area of skin and soft tissue defect: 30 cm×12 cm-53 cm×21 cm. The operation was divided into two stages. In the first stage, the greater omentum was acquired with the assist of laparoscope and free transplanted to cover the wound. After the greater omentum free transplantation was confirmed to survive, the split-thickness skin graft was applied for wound repair.Postoperative survival of the greater omentum and skin grafting, complications, appearance and function of lower limbs were observed and followed up.Results:The 18 operations were performed successfully, the area of omentum resection was 25 cm×10 cm-35 cm×15 cm, all the greater omentums survived after operation without complications such as intestinal adhesion, volvulus and peritonitis. The area of the skin grafting was 36 cm×8 cm-45 cm×22 cm. 16 cases skin grafting survived completely, 2 cases skin grafting were necrosis just local small area, and scar healed after dressing change. Postoperative follow-up of 6-12 months showed good appearance and function of lower limbs and satisfactory results.Conclusions:For the large area soft tissue defect wound of lower extremity, complicated with multiple deep tissues such as bone, joint and internal materials exposed, the greater omentum free transplantation under laparoscope combined with medium thick skin graft second stage has the advantages of good appearance and function after wound healing, less donor injury and fewer postoperative complications.

Objective To investigate the effects of Dingkoulizhong decoction on cellular immune factors and adverse reactions in patients with advanced gastric cancer treated with chemotherapy.Methods One hundred and thirty-eight patients with advanced gastric cancer were enrolled in our hospital from October 2014to December 2016,and were randomly divided into control group (n =69) and observation group (n =69) by using the random number table.The patients of the control group were treated with FOLFOX4 chemotherapy (oxaliplatin + calcium folinate + fluorouracil),while the patients of the observation group were given by the treatment of Dingkoulizhong decoction on the basis of the control group.The peripheral blood samples of the patients were collected before and after the treatment.The levels of cellular immune factors CD3 +,CD4 +,CD8 + and CD4 +/CD8 + were detected,and the clinical efficacy and adverse reactions of the patients of the two groups were observed.Results After the treatment,the number of complete remission (CR),partial remission (PR),stable disease (SD) and progressive disease (PD) in the observation group were 16,25,16 and 12 cases respectively,while the control group were 9,20,19 and 21 cases respectively,and there was a statistically significant difference in the distribution of clinical efficacy between the two groups (Z =4.381,P =0.036).Compared with the control group,the clinical benefit rate (CBR) of the observation group was significantly improved (59.42％ vs.42.03％),with a statistically significant difference (x2 =4.175,P =0.041).The cellular immune factors CD3 + [(52.67 ±6.21)％ vs.(53.45 ±6.54)％],CD4 + [(23.56 ±3.85)％ vs.(24.09±2.91)％],CD8 +[(28.16±3.49)％ vs.(27.87±3.26)％] and CD4 +/CD8+(1.13 ± 0.27 vs.1.19 ±± 0.31) of the patients of the observation group showed no statistically significant difference (t=0.718,P=0.474;t=0.912,P=0.363;t=0.504,P=0.615;t=1.212,P=0.227) beforeand after the treatment,but the cellular immune factor CD3 + [(50.36 ± 3.74)％ vs.(53.13 ± 6.12)％],CD4 +[(21.26±2.37)％ vs.(23.44 ±3.96)％] andCD4+/CD8*(0.96±0.26vs.1.15±0.25) of the patients of the control group after the treatment were significantly lower than those before the treatment,and CD8 +[(31.64 ± 4.05) ％ vs.(27.98 ± 3.52) ％] after the treatment was significantly higher than that before the treatment,all with statistically significant differences (t =3.208,P ＜ 0.001;t =3.924,P ＜ 0.001;t =4.289P ＜ 0.001,t =5.666,P ＜ 0.001).Compared with the control group,the level of CD3 + [(53.45 ± 6.54) ％ vs.(50.36±±3.74)％],CD4+[(24.09±±2.91)％ vs.(21.26±2.37)％] andCD4+/CD8+(1.19±0.31vs.0.96 ± 0.26) of the patients of the observation group after the treatment were significantly improved,and CD8 +[(27.87 ± 3.26) ％ vs.(31.64 ± 4.05) ％] was significantly decreased,all with statistically significant differences (t=3.407,P=0.001;t =6.264,P＜0.001;t =4.722,P＜0.001;t =6.023,P＜0.001).Compared with the control group,the total adverse reaction rate of the observation group was significantly decreased (36.23％ vs.55.07％),with a statistically significant difference (x2 =4.936,P =0.026).Conclusion Dingkoulizhong decoction can significantly improve the clinical efficacy in patients with advanced gastric cancer treated with chemotherapy,alleviate the immune function damage caused by chemotherapy,and it can reduce the occurrence of adverse reactions.

Objective:To explore the expression and clinical significance of ubiquitin-like with PHID and ring finger domains 2 (UHRF2) in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC).Methods:The expression of UHRF2 in 138 ICC was determined by immunohistochemistry,and the relationships between UHRF2 expression with prognosis and clinicopathological features of ICC were analyzed:Results:UHRF2 was highly expressed in ICC compared with paratumorous tissues.Level of UHRF2 was associated with high AFP level (P=0.010),poor tunor differentiation (P=0.026),lymph node metastasis (P=0.001),and advanced TNM stage (P=0.019).Hevated UHRF2 expression was suggested to be associated with poor prognosis and high recurrence rate in ICC patients (P＜ 0.001),and multivariable analysis indicated that UHRF2 was of theprognostic indicators of ICC (P＜0.05).Conclusions:High level of UHRF2 is related to the malignant phenotype of ICC,and can be a prognostic and recurrent indicator of postoperative patients.

Objective To study the effects of ginkgo biloba extract(GBE)on c-reactive protein(CRP) and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)in serum and alveolar lavage fluid(BALF)from rats with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD). Methods 90 rats were randomly divided into groups A,B,C,D,E and F. There were 15 rats in each group. The rat model of COPD were established in groups B,C,D,E and F. Groups C and D were given intraperitoneal injections with GBE from day l to day l4 and day 29 to day 42. Groups E and F weregiven intraperitoneal injections with erythromycin from day l to day l4 and day 29 to day 42. After the end of experi-ment ,the contents of CRP and TNF-α in serum and BALF were detected in all groups. Results The contents of CRP and TNF-α in the serum and the BALF were markedly lower in groups C,D,E and F than in group B (P<0.05);and the contents of CRP in the serum and the BALF and TNF-αin the BALF were lower in groups C, E and F than in group D(P<0.05). Conclusions GBE can inhibit the airway and systemic inflammatory response in COPD rats. Early intervention is more effective.

Objective: To observe the effects of axial vascular network flap of scalp or anterolateral thigh perforator flap with fascia lata on repairing defects after radical resection of scalp carcinoma in patients. Methods: From February 2006 to December 2015, twenty-one patients with scalp carcinoma were admitted to our hospital, and the carcinoma invaded external lamina or full-thickness of skull and dura mater. After perfect preoperative examination, carcinoma and scalp tissue in 3 to 5 cm from the edge of carcinoma, external lamina or full-thickness of skull and invaded dura mater were resected and sentinel lymph nodes around carcinoma were cleaned in 3 to 4 days after admission. The postoperative defects with size reached from 11 cm×8 cm to 22 cm×18 cm. The flap transplantation was performed at the same time when quick frozen pathological examination results of resected scalp carcinoma margin tissue, skull, dura mater margin and basal tissue, and sentinel lymph nodes showed completely negative. Defects in 3 elderly patients were repaired by single or multiple axial scalp vascular network flaps, with the resected flaps size ranged from 12 cm×7 cm to 19 cm×14 cm. Defects in the other 18 patients were repaired by anterolateral thigh perforator flaps with fascia lata, with the resected flaps size ranged from 13 cm×10 cm to 23 cm×19 cm and the resected fascia lata size ranged from 8 cm×7 cm to 10 cm×10 cm. The head donor site of flap was repaired by medium thickness skin of head and back; the thigh donor site of flap was repaired by medium thickness skin of thigh on the same side. All patients gave up postoperative radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and other follow-up treatments. Results: After operation, the flap and skin in all patients survived completely, with no vascular crisis or other condition. During the follow-up for 6 months to 9 years, all patients showed good appearance except for baldness in operation area of head, with no obvious malformation in head donor site of flap and skin, no swollen external hernia in the brain tissue, and no local recurrence or distant metastasis of carcinoma. The appearance of thigh donor site of flap and skin was good, with normal muscle strength and movement of lower limbs. Conclusions Patients with scalp carcinoma were performed with radical resection of carcinoma, and axial vascular network flap of scalp or anterolateral thigh perforator flap with fascia lata were applied to repair the postoperative defects, with good appearance of head operation area and no local recurrence or distant metastasis of carcinoma.

Objective To compare the serum levels of interleukin(IL)-6,IL-18 and tumor necrosis factor alpha(TNF-α)in patients with DPD,PD,depression disorder and healthy controls and to analyze the correlations of serum inflammatory factors in DPD patients. Methods Serum levels of IL-6,IL-18 and TNF-αwere measured using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) kits. Several scales were performedin DPD patients. Results DPD,PD and depression disorder patients had significant lower baseline levels of IL-6 and TNF-αwhen compared to healthy controls(P < 0.05). The levels of IL-6 and TNF-α in DPD patients were significantly increased after 4 weeks of anti-depression treatment(P < 0.05). No difference of cytokines levels in gender and in severity of DPD patients was detected Serum levels of these inflammatory cytokines were not significantly correlated with the UP-DRS Ⅲ,H & Y,MMSE and HAMD scores in DPD patients. Conclusions Serum inflammatory factors(IL-6, TNF-α)were altered in patients with DPD in the earlier course of disease. However ,the role of IL-18 remained unknownin the occurrence of DPD disease.