OBJECTIVES: Clinical research plays a vital role in disease research and population health. The public is the main source of clinical research volunteers. Understanding the public's cognition of clinical research plays a decisive role in the development of clinical research. This study aims to understand the Chinese public's cognition for clinical research and the influencing factors. METHODS: The questionnaire based on Chinese-translated Public Awareness of Research for Therapeutic Advancements through Knowledge and Empowerment (PARTAKE) was used to investigate the public's cognition for clinical research. RESULTS: Of the 2 513 valid respondents, 91.84% had heard of "clinical research", 91.76% of the respondents believed that clinical research was beneficial to society, 65.90% were willing to participate in clinical research, 87.50% believed that confidentiality was a very important thing, 73.70% believed that their personal information had been protected when participating in clinical research, and, 46.40% did not know whether volunteers participating in clinical research could receive adequate compensation. Educational levels, employment status, and annual income impacted in public perceptions of willingness to participate in clinical research, especially in privacy protection, informed consent, whether clinical research is intended for society, compensation for clinical research, and safety of clinical research (all P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS The Chinese public's cognition level for clinical research is acceptable, but there is still a lot of room for improvement in privacy protection, informed consent, and compensation. By designing a reasonable knowledge training program for clinical research and using the multimedia, improving access to the relevant knowledge, more public will know about clinical research recruitment information, which is of great significance for the development of clinical research in China.
Humans ; China ; East Asian People ; Educational Status ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Public Opinion ; Knowledge ; Biomedical Research

Adverse childhood experience (ACE) is potentially negative experience that occurs between 0 and 18 years old. The ACE adolescents have prominent mental health problems such as emotional regulation disorder, unstable interpersonal relationship, poor coping ability, and cognitive dysfunction. Until now, the factors affecting the mental health of ACE adolescents are not clear, but it is certain that the ecosystem in which ACE adolescents life affects their mental health. Specifically, the parent-child relationship, the school environment, the peer relationship in the micro-system, and the interaction between the parent-child relationship and other interpersonal relationship in the meso-system have been confirmed to be significantly related to the mental health of ACE adolescents. In the appearance system, the neighborhood cohesion, the level of family income, the educational level of parents and the different social and cultural background in the macro-system all have different degrees of impact on the development of ACE adolescents' psychological behaviors. In the diachronic system, the time and frequency of suffering from ACE have different effects on the mental health regarding the ACE adolescents.
Adolescent ; Adverse Childhood Experiences ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Ecosystem ; Health Status ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Mental Health ; Parents

To illustrate the literature distribution, research power distribution, and research hotspots in the radiomics research by using knowledge mapping analysis, and to provide reference for relevant researchers.
 Methods: Bibliographies from literature regarding radiomics in Web of Science database were downloaded. BICOM 2.0.1 and SATI 3.2 were used to clean and caculate the frequency of publication year, journal, author, key word, and research institution. CiteSpace V4.4.R1 was used to build the knowledge map of scientific research collaboration network between countries/regions.Ucinet 6 was used to build the knowledge map of scientific research collaboration network between core authors and institutions. gCLUTO 1.0 was applied to construct high-frequency keywords bi-clustering map.
 Results: A total of 700 literature was screened. Since 2012 the number of publications has been growing rapidly year by year. The United States, China, and Netherlands were leaders in this field. There were 5 major scientific research institution cooperative groups and 10 major author cooperative groups. Eight research hotspots were clustered by using high-frequency key word bi-clustering analysis.
 Conclusion: Radiomics is a new field and develops very fast. More and more countries, research institutions, and researchers with multidisciplinary background are going to participate in this filed. New terminology and new methods are going to appear in the field.
China ; Cluster Analysis

Objective:In order to apply the index system for clinical evaluation of implementation effect in hospitals.Methods:A total of 862 patients with vaginal delivery from 9 hospitals were randomly divided into an clinical pathway group (n=496) and a control group (n=366).The patients in the control group received traditional treatment procedure while the patients in the clinical pathway group experienced procedure of the clinical treatment.The index system was used for clinical evaluation of implementation effect.Results:There were obvious advantages in 15 indicators in the clinical pathway group than those in the control group (P＜0.05).The comprehensive score of the clinical pathway group was higher than the control group of the corresponding grade and nature of the hospital.The comprehensive score for secondary hospitals (Ci=0.7967) were higher than that for the tertiary hospitals (Ci=0.2033).The comprehensive score for the general hospitals (Ci=0.8948) were higher than that for the specialized hospitals (Ci=0.1052).As for clinical implementation effect,the secondary hospitals were better than the tertiary hospital,and the general hospitals were better than the specialized hospitals.Conclusion:The index system for clinical evaluation could quantify the implementation effect,and compare the implementation effect in different hospitals,which provides reference for the management of clinical pathway.

In the era of digital information,internet plus mode provides new opportunities for the development of traditional medical education.This paper introduces the application patterns of internet plus mode in the medical education,including the following aspects,such as the construction of medical quality resources sharing class,the implementing of medical massive open online courses and other kinds of open online courses,making comprehensive construction of textbooks,using social interactive software and some new wearable devices such as Google glass,distance education and so on.And from the construction of autonomy,sharing,dynamic teaching atmosphere and building a new relationship between teachers and students,it explores the application advantage of Internet plus in medical education,emphasizes thatInternet plus mode and traditional medical education should be organically integrated and financed.At the same time,we should improve the evaluation of information quality,study the integrity test,and the application of big data processing,so as to provide some ideas for the sustainable development.

Taking Web of Science database as the data source,the paper visually analyzes the literatures about medical knowledge data using the visualization software,such as Citespace,SATI and Ucinet,reveals the research power,core journals,core authors,situation of the literature referred and hot topics in this field.

To investigate the research focuses and developmental trends of deceased organ donation by visualization analyzed in English literatures data from 2006 to 2016.Methods The research strength,high impact authors,core journals,high frequency keywords and burst terms related to deceased organ donation from the Web of Science database were statistically analyzed by using CiteSpace.Results A total of 1 278 relevant literatures revealed that the research strength was mainly distributed in the United States with a total quantity of 497 papers,accounting for 28％ of the total quantity from 2006 to 2016.Both Ploeg RJ and Parrilla P published 14 papers.The paper written by Kootstra G was the most cited for 192 times.The papers published in Am J Transplant were cited for 917 times.The high frequency keywords included organ donation,transplantation,donation,etc.The high frequency burst terms included waiting-list,beating donor,donor-kidneys,etc.Conclusions In recent decade,the research highlights of deceased organ donation mainly include survival rate of transplantation with donation after cardiac death,prognosis of transplantation with deceased organ donation and preservation techniques of donor organ in deceased organ donation,etc.The research frontiers focus on deceased organ donation rates,the source of donor organ,standard and extended standard of deceased organ donation,etc.

After the current situation of Internet medicine in our country was described from the aspects f policy support and mobile Internet-related technologies, the 4 construction models and 4 applications models of Internet medicine in our country were pointed out, and suggestions were put forward for the sustainable and healthy develop-ment of Internet medicine, namely promoting Internet medical service, strengthening guidance of relevant legisla-tions and policies, working out scientific management criteria, and establishing rational supervision organizations.

To translate and revise the Medication Literacy Assessment in English (MedLitRxSE-English) and evaluate its validity and reliability.
 Methods: We introduced MedLitRxSE-English from abroad. According to the principles of Brislin and culture adjustment, we revised it as a Chinese edition. Using random sampling method, from Oct, 2014 to Jan, 2015, 461 non-hospitalized patients from the outpatient departments of the top three hospitals in Changsha city were investigated. The reliability and validity of the scale was tested.
 Results: The test-retest reliability of the Chinese version for medication literacy scale was 0.885; the split reliability was 0.840; K-R was 0.820; the correlations between the assessment of medication literacy and the corresponding items were 0.427-0.587; the confirmatory factor analysis revealed overall good fit. Root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA), χ2/df, goodness of fit index (GFI) and comparative fit index (CFI) was 0.08, 3.06, 0.91 and 0.94, respectively. 
 Conclusion: The Chinese version for the assessment of medication literacy is in good reliability and validity, and it can be used to evaluate the medication literacy in our country.
China ; Factor Analysis, Statistical ; Health Literacy ; statistics & numerical data ; Humans ; Language ; Reproducibility of Results ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; standards ; Translating

The protection model of intellectual property rights for traditional village culture were studied by investi-gating its current situation , related problems and why they exist in Yongzhou City , Hunan Province , China .