Essential oil from Saussurea costus inhibits proliferation and migration of Eca109 cells via mitochondrial apoptosis and STAT3 signaling

Xia-Fen HU; Wan-Xin LIU; Ren ZHANG; Wei ZHANG; Chao WANG; Qiang WANG; Meng CHEN; Rong SHU; Xin-Zhou YANG

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Essential oil from Saussurea costus inhibits proliferation and migration of Eca109 cells via mitochondrial apoptosis and STAT3 signaling

Author: Xia-Fen HU ¹ ; Wan-Xin LIU ¹ ; Ren ZHANG ¹ ; Wei ZHANG ¹ ; Chao WANG ¹ ; Qiang WANG ¹ ; Meng CHEN ² ; Rong SHU ² ; Xin-Zhou YANG ³
Author Information

1. Institute of Infection, Immunology and Tumor Microenvironment, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Wuhan Asia General Hospital, Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology
2. The Third People's Hospital of Hubei Province, Zhongshan Hospital of Hubei Province
3. School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities
Publication Type:Journal Article
Keywords: Anti-migration; Anti-proliferation; Apoptosis; Eca109; Esophageal cancer; Essential oil; Gas chromatographymass spectrometry; Mitochondrial pathway; Saussurea costus; STAT3
From:Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2022;12(6):253-261
CountryChina
Language:Chinese
Abstract: Objective: To investigate the effect and its underlying molecular mechanisms of essential oil from Saussurea costus in esophageal cancer cell line Eca109. Methods: The chemical composition of essential oil from Saussurea costus was investigated by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The anti-proliferative, anti-migrative, and apoptotic effects of essential oil from Saussurea costus against Eca109 cells were analyzed. Moreover, the expression of proteins associated with cell cycle, metastasis, and apoptosis was determined. Results: GC-MS analysis showed that essential oil from Saussurea costus was predominantly comprised of sesquiterpenes. Saussurea costus essential oil inhibited the viability of Eca109 cells in a dose-and time-dependent manner with IC 50 values of (24.29±1.49), (19.16±2.27) and (6.97±0.86) μg/mL at 12, 24, and 48 h, respectively. The expression levels of target proteins in the cell cycle (phase G 1 /S), including cyclin D1, p21, and p53, were affected by Saussurea costus essential oil. The essential oil also downregulated the expression of metastasis-related proteins MMP-9 and MMP-2. Moreover, it induced apoptosis of Eca109 cells through the mitochondrial pathway, as well as inhibition of STAT3 phosphorylation. Conclusions: The essential oil from Saussurea costus exhibited anti-proliferative, anti-migrative, and apoptotic effects on Eca109 cells, and could be further explored as a potential anti-esophageal cancer agent.