New insights into aqueous humor outflow system and ophthalmic lymphatic drainage pathway
10.3760/cma.j.cn115989-20190820-00358
- VernacularTitle:房水排出系统与眼淋巴引流通路的新认识
- Author:
Yameng LIU
1
;
Xiaojing PAN
Author Information
1. 山东第一医科大学（山东省医学科学院） 山东省眼科研究所 山东省眼科学重点实验室-省部共建国家重点实验室培育基地 山东第一医科大学附属青岛眼科医院，青岛 266071
- Keywords:
Eye;
Aqueous humor;
Drainage;
Lymphatic vessels
- From:
Chinese Journal of Experimental Ophthalmology
2022;40(4):361-365
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Glaucoma is the first irreversible blinding eye disease in the world, and vision loss due to glaucoma is related to the obstruction of the aqueous humor drainage channel, which leads to increased intraocular pressure and damage to the optic nerve.The relationship between the ocular lymphatic system and the aqueous humor drainage pathway is of important significance.Exploration of the generation and development of ocular lymphatic vessels and identification of the markers of ocular lymphatic vessels (LVs) are important for researching whether lymphatic pathways are involved in the aqueous humor outflow in glaucoma.Relationship between aqueous humor drainage system and ocular lymphatic drainage pathway can be elucidated from following aspects: (1)podoplanin is highly expressed in trabecular meshwork endothelial cells, while no expression of platelet-endothelial cell adhesion molecule (CD31) is found, suggesting that there is a close relationship between trabecular meshwork and LVs; (2)there are similarities in morphology, molecules and function between Schlemm canal and LVs, and Schlemm canal not only has some characteristics of LVs and blood vessels, but also some undiscovered characteristics of blood vessels and lymphatic endothelial cells; (3)the bulbar conjunctiva is rich in LVs, suggesting that the bulbar conjunctiva has active tissue drainage and immunoregulatory functions; (4)the sclera is mainly composed of collagen fibers and lacks real LVs, but many lymphatic vessel endothelial hyaluronic acid receptor 1 (LYVE-1)-positive macrophages around the scleral vessels are regulated by tissue-specific factors; (5)multiple lymphatic markers can be detected in ciliary body, and suspected LVs can be observed by electron microscopy; (6)various lymphatic markers can be expressed in a single choroidal cell, with LYVE-1 expressed highest.Research progress in the lymphatic system of LVs, lymphatic markers, and aqueous humor outflow was reviewed in this article.
