What is the Current Evidence on Vertebral Body Osteonecrosis?: A Systematic Review of the Literature
10.4184/asj.2018.12.3.586
- Author:
Matteo FORMICA
1
;
Andrea ZANIRATO
;
Luca CAVAGNARO
;
Marco BASSO
;
Stefano DIVANO
;
Carlo FORMICA
;
Lamberto FELLI
Author Information
1. Department of Orthopaedics, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria San Martino-IST, Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genova, Italy. dott.zanirato@gmail.com
- Publication Type:Review
- Keywords:
Bone necrosis;
Spine;
Vertebral body;
Diagnosis;
Treatment;
Outcomes
- MeSH:
Bone Resorption;
Cell Death;
Diagnosis;
Osteonecrosis;
Pseudarthrosis;
Risk Factors;
Spine
- From:Asian Spine Journal
2018;12(3):586-599
- CountryRepublic of Korea
- Language:English
-
Abstract:
Osteonecrosis (ON) is a clinical entity characterized by a pattern of cell death and complex process of bone resorption and formation. Studies related to ON have largely focused on certain anatomical sites; however, the evidence on vertebral body ON (VBON) is largely inconsistent and fragmented. The aim of this study was to clarify the pathophysiology, risk factors, imaging findings, and available treatment modalities for VBON. A systematic review of the relevant articles published in English was performed using PubMed, Embase, Medline, Google Scholar, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), and CINAHL databases. A total of 81 articles were included in this study. Three main topics about VBON were identified: (1) pathophysiology and risk factors, (2) diagnosis, and (3) treatment. Forty-five studies were based on the pathophysiology, 52 on diagnosis, and 38 on the treatment options for VBON. The literature on VBON was limited and mainly focused on post-traumatic cases with a considerable overlap with nonunion and pseudoarthrosis.
