Advances and future prospects of immunotherapy in bladder cancer
10.19401/j.cnki.1007-3639.2018.02.001
- VernacularTitle:免疫治疗在膀胱癌中的最新研究进展和未来展望
- Author:
Dalong CAO
1
;
Dingwei YE
Author Information
1. 复旦大学附属肿瘤医院泌尿外科
- Keywords:
Bladder cancer;
Immunotherapy;
BCG;
PD-1;
PD-L1;
CTLA-4
- From:
China Oncology
2018;28(2):81-87
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Bladder cancer is one of the common genitourinary malignancies. Since the discovery of intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) in the 1970s for non-muscle invasive bladder cancer, there have not been any major breakthrough drugs especially for locally advanced and metastatic bladder cancer. Recently, the immunotherapy for bladder cancer has made great breakthrough. Immune-checkpoint inhibitors targeting the programmed death 1 (PD-1), programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) pathways have shown significant long-term responses and tolerable safety profiles for locally advanced and metastatic bladder cancer. Inhibitors targeting PD-1, PD-L1 and CTLA-4 are mainly used to restore T cell activity by blocking negative regulation signal, and to enhance the anti-tumor activities of T cells. Other immunotherapies including chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy also have great prospects. In this review, the effect of immunotherapeutic agents and the mechanisms in the treatment of bladder cancer are summarized.
