Advances in the Immunogenic Design of HIV-1 Vaccine.
- Author:
Xiaohong ZHANG
;
Tao WANG
;
Xiaofang YU
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- MeSH:
AIDS Vaccines;
genetics;
immunology;
Animals;
Drug Design;
HIV Antibodies;
immunology;
HIV Infections;
immunology;
prevention & control;
virology;
HIV-1;
genetics;
immunology;
Humans
- From:
Chinese Journal of Virology
2016;32(1):88-92
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
A safe and effective vaccine against the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is expected to have a considerable impact on elimination of acquired immune deficiency syndrome. Despite decades of effort, an effective vaccine against HIV-1 remains elusive. In recent years, the Thai HIV Vaccine Efficacy Trial (known as RV144) showed a reduction in HIV-1 acquisition by 31%, but this agent could not delay disease progression in vaccinated individuals. Clinical analyses of experimental data and experiments in vitro have revealed two main types of immunogen design: induction of broad-spectrum neutralizing antibody (bNAb) and cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses. bNAb can prevent or reduce acquisition of infection, and its main immunogens are virus-like particles, natural envelope trimers and stable bNAb epitopes. An effective CTL response can slow-down viral infection, and its main immunogens are "mosaic" vaccines, "conserved immunogens", and the "fitness landscape" of HIV-1 proteins. This review summarizes the strategies as well as progress in the design and testing of HIV-1 immunogens to elicit bNAb and CTL responses.
