Gamma Linolenic Acid Exerts Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Fibrotic Effects in Diabetic Nephropathy.
10.3349/ymj.2012.53.6.1165
- Author:
Do Hee KIM
1
;
Tae Hyun YOO
;
Soon Ha LEE
;
Hye Young KANG
;
Bo Young NAM
;
Seung Jae KWAK
;
Jwa Kyung KIM
;
Jung Tak PARK
;
Seung Hyeok HAN
;
Shin Wook KANG
Author Information
1. Department of Internal Medicine, Brain Korea 21 Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. kswkidney@yuhs.ac
- Publication Type:Original Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
- Keywords:
Gamma linolenic acid;
experimental diabetic nephropathy;
anti-inflammatory;
anti-fibrotic
- MeSH:
Animals;
Anti-Inflammatory Agents/*therapeutic use;
Blotting, Western;
Chemokine CCL2/genetics/metabolism;
Diabetic Nephropathies/*drug therapy/*metabolism;
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay;
Fibronectins/genetics/metabolism;
Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1/genetics/metabolism;
Rats;
Rats, Sprague-Dawley;
Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction;
alpha-Linolenic Acid/*therapeutic use
- From:Yonsei Medical Journal
2012;53(6):1165-1175
- CountryRepublic of Korea
- Language:English
-
Abstract:
PURPOSE: This study was undertaken to investigate the effects of gamma linolenic acid (GLA) on inflammation and extracellular matrix (ECM) synthesis in mesangial and tubular epithelial cells under diabetic conditions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sprague-Dawley rats were intraperitoneally injected with either a diluent [n=16, control (C)] or streptozotocin [n=16, diabetes (DM)], and eight rats each from the control and diabetic groups were treated with evening primrose oil by gavage for three months. Rat mesangial cells and NRK-52E cells were exposed to medium containing 5.6 mM glucose and 30 mM glucose (HG), with or without GLA (10 or 100 microM). Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), and fibronectin (FN) mRNA and protein expression levels were evaluated. RESULTS: Twenty-four-hour urinary albumin excretion was significantly increased in DM compared to C rats, and GLA treatment significantly reduced albuminuria in DM rats. ICAM-1, MCP-1, FN mRNA and protein expression levels were significantly higher in DM than in C kidneys, and these increases were significantly abrogated by GLA treatment. In vitro, GLA significantly inhibited increases in MCP-1 mRNA expression and protein levels under high glucose conditions in HG-stimulated mesangial and tubular epithelial cells (p<0.05, respectively). ICAM-1 and FN expression showed a similar pattern to the expression of MCP-1. CONCLUSION: GLA attenuates not only inflammation by inhibiting enhanced MCP-1 and ICAM-1 expression, but also ECM accumulation in diabetic nephropathy.
