Analysis of antimicrobial resistance in the clinical bacterial isolates from Western China in 2021
- Author:
YANG Dan
;
ZHAO Dongxiao
;
TAO Jia
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
Clinical strains;
antimicrobial susceptibility testing;
bacterial resistance
- From:
China Tropical Medicine
2024;24(12):1433-
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Objective To analyze the antibiotic resistance of clinical isolates from Western China in 2021, providing a reference for guiding the rational use of antibiotics in clinical practices and controlling nosocomial infections. Methods Bacterial samples were collected from nine hospitals in 5 autonomous regions and provinces in Northwest China (690 strains in Ningxia, 141 strains in Gansu, 133 strains in Xinjiang, 179 strains in Qinghai, and 151 strains in Shaanxi) in 2021. MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry was used to confirm bacterial identification, and bacterial susceptibility testing was performed using automated susceptibility testing systems. The results of the susceptibility tests were interpreted according to the 2021 CLSI standards. Results A total of 1 294 clinical strains (non-duplicates) were collected, primarily sourced from sputum specimens 312 strains (24.11%), urine specimens 235 strains (18.16%), pus specimens 147 strains (11.36%), and blood specimens 128 strains (9.89%). Among the 1 294 pathogenic strains, Gram-negative bacteria accounted for 69.47%, whereas Gram-positive bacteria accounted for 30.53%. From the Gram-negative organisms, the most common Enterobacterales strains included E.coli 258 strains (19.94%), K.pneumoniae 166 strains (12.83%), E.cloacae 39 strains (3.01%), and K.oxytoca 36 strains (2.78%). Non-fermentative Gram-negative bacilli constituted 20.63% of all isolates, mainly including P.aeruginosa 129 strains (9.97%) and A.baumannii 87 strains (6.72%). Among Gram-positive bacteria, S.aureus 267 strains (20.63%), E. faecium 68 strains (5.26%), and E.faecalis 48 strains (3.71%) were predominant. Enterobacteriaceae remained highly sensitive to carbapenem antibiotics; however, K.oxytoca had a resistance rate exceeding 15%. P.aeruginosa showed resistance rates of 29.5% and 14% to imipenem and meropenem, respectively; A.baumannii showed resistance rates of 63.2% to both drugs. The detection rate of MRSA was 36.7%, with MRSA showing significantly higher resistance rates than MSSA to most tested drugs. No S.aureus isolates were found resistant to vancomycin, teicoplanin, or linezolid. E.faecium strains demonstrated much higher resistance rates to most of the tested drugs compared to E.faecalis, with a few vancomycin-resistant strains found in both. Conclusions Bacterial resistance to commonly used antibiotics was still severe in Western China. Therefore, medical institutions should continue to enhance the monitoring of bacterial resistance, standardize the management and use of antibiotics, and reduce the transmission and spread of resistant bacteria within hospitals.
- Full text:20251113102713654791.Analysis of antimicrobial resistance in the clinical bacterial isolates from Western China in 2021.pdf
