Association between the Non-Fasting Triglyceride-Glucose Index and Hyperglycemia in pregnancy during the Third Trimester in High Altitudes
10.13471/j.cnki.j.sun.yat-sen.univ（med.sci）.2025.0516
- VernacularTitle:高原地区孕妇妊娠晚期非空腹甘油三酯-葡萄糖指数与妊娠期高血糖之间的关系
- Author:
Qingqing WANG
1
;
Hongying HOU
1
;
Ma NI
2
;
Yating LIANG
2
;
Xiaoyu CHEN
2
;
WA Zhuoga DA
2
;
Qiang LIU
2
;
Zhenyan HAN
1
Author Information
1. Department of Obstetrics， The Third Affiliated Hospital， Sun Yat-sen University， Guangzhou 510630， China
2. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology， Chaya People's Hospital， Changdu city， Xizang Autonomous Region， Changdu 854300， China
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
altitude;
Tibetan;
pregnancy trimester， third;
non-fasting triglyceride-glucose index;
hyperglycemia in pregnancy
- From:
Journal of Sun Yat-sen University(Medical Sciences)
2025;46(5):861-871
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
ObjectiveTo investigate the relationship between the non-fasting triglyceride and glucose （TyG） index and hyperglycemia in pregnancy during the third trimester in high altitudes. MethodsThis study selected clinical and laboratory data of 774 Tibetan singleton pregnant women who delivered at Chaya People's Hospital of Qamdo city in Xizang autonomous region， from January 2023 to April 2025. The non-fasting TyG index was calculated from non-fasting triglyceride （TG） and random plasma glucose （PG）. Based on the tertiles of the non-fasting TyG index values， the individuals were split into three groups （corresponding to non-fasting TyG index of 8.89 and 9.21， respectively）. The baseline clinical characteristics， lipid levels and the occurrence of developing hyperglycemia in pregnancy were compared among the three groups. Statistical analyses were performed using ANOVA， Kruskal-Wallis H test， Chi-square test， or Fisher exact test and the relationship between the non-fasting TyG index and hyperglycemia in pregnancy were examined using multivariate logistic regression models and curve fitting. ResultsA total of 774 Tibetan singleton pregnant women were included， with a average age of 27.3 ± 6.1 years， a pre-delivery body mass index （Pre-BMI） of （25.2±2.3）kg/m2 ， a proportion of 26.7% （207/774） primigravid women， the mean non-fasting TyG index was 9.1 ± 0.4。Thirty pregnant women were diagnosed with hyperglycemia in pregnancy， with a detection rate of 3.9% （30/774）. Statistically significant differences in serum total cholesterol （TC）， TG， low-density lipoprotein cholesterol （LDL-C） and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol （HDL-C） levels were identified when comparing different non-fasting TyG groups （all P values <0.05）. Subsequent trend test analysis indicated that the levels of TC， TG， LDL-C， and PG gradually increased with elevated the non-fasting TyG index （ Ftrend TC=95.61， P<0.001； Ftrend TG=1 051.91， P<0.001； Ftrend LDL-C = 97.20， P < 0.001； Ftrend TG=195.20； P<0.001）. After adjustment for maternal age， pre-delivery BMI， altitude， TC， LDL-C， and HDL-C， multivariate Logistic regression models revealed independent positive associations between non-fasting TyG index and hyperglycemia in pregnancy （Model 1： OR=2.72， 95% CI： 1.13-6.53， P=0.026； Model 2： OR=2.56， 95% CI： 1.01-6.50， P=0.048； Model 3： OR=2.72， 95% CI： 1.06-6.97， P=0.037； Model 4： OR=4.02， 95% CI： 1.42-11.40， P=0.009） and the incident of hyperglycemia in pregnancy showed an increasing tendency as increasing with the non-fasting TyG index， however， this association did not statistical significance （P trend >0.05）. Curve fitting by restricted cubic splines （RCS） were used to assess linearity between non-fasting TyG and hyperglycemia in pregnancy， and there was a linear dose-response relationship between non-fasting TyG and hyperglycemia in pregnancy （P for non-linear = 0.515）. ConclusionNon-fasting TyG index in the third trimester is a risk factor for hyperglycemia in pregnancy among the Tibetan singleton pregnant women at high altitudes and there was a possible linear dose-response relationship between the non-fasting TyG index and hyperglycemia in pregnancy.
