Long-Term Follow-Up of Interstitial Lung Abnormalities in Low-Dose Chest CT in Health Screening: Exploring the Predictors of Clinically Significant Interstitial Lung Diseases Using Artificial Intelligence-Based Quantitative CT Analysis
- Author:
Won Jong JEONG
1
;
Bo Da NAM
;
Jung Hwa HWANG
;
Chang Hyun LEE
;
Hee-Young YOON
;
Eun Ji LEE
;
Eunsun OH
;
Jewon JEONG
;
Sung Hwan BAE
Author Information
- Publication Type:Original Article
- From: Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology 2024;85(6):1141-1156
- CountryRepublic of Korea
- Language:English
-
Abstract:
Purpose:This study examined longitudinal changes in interstitial lung abnormalities (ILAs) and predictors of clinically significant interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) in a screening population with ILAs.
Materials and Methods:We retrieved 36891 low-dose chest CT records from screenings between January 2003 and May 2021. After identifying 101 patients with ILAs, the clinical findings, spirometry results, and initial and follow-up CT findings, including visual and artificial intelligence-based quantitative analyses, were compared between patients diagnosed with ILD (n = 23, 23%) and those who were not (n = 78, 77%). Logistic regression analysis was used to identify significant parameters for the clinical diagnosis of ILD.
Results:Twenty-three patients (n = 23, 23%) were subsequently diagnosed with clinically significant ILDs at follow-up (mean, 8.7 years). Subpleural fibrotic ILAs on initial CT and signs of progression on follow-up CT were common in the ILD group (both p < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis revealed that emerging respiratory symptoms (odds ratio [OR], 5.56; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.28–24.21; p = 0.022) and progression of ILAs at follow-up chest CT (OR, 4.07; 95% CI, 1.00–16.54; p = 0.050) were significant parameters for clinical diagnosis of ILD.
Conclusion:Clinically significant ILD was subsequently diagnosed in approximately one-quarter of the screened population with ILAs. Emerging respiratory symptoms and progression of ILAs at followup chest CT can be predictors of clinically significant ILDs.
