Modified Buwangsan Ameliorates Cognitive Dysfunction in Rat Model of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus by Regulating Autophagy in Hippocampus via PI3K/Akt/mTOR Pathway
10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20251321
- VernacularTitle:不忘散加味方通过PI3K/Akt/mTOR通路调控海马自噬改善2型糖尿病认知功能障碍大鼠的机制
- Author:
Jie YANG
1
;
Tonghua LIU
2
;
Wei LIU
1
;
Lili WU
2
;
Lingling QIN
3
Author Information
1. Dongfang Hospital， Beijing University of Chinese Medicine， Beijing 100078， China
2. Key Laboratory of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation， Ministry of Education， Beijing University of Chinese Medicine， Beijing 102488， China
3. Science and Technology Department， Beijing University of Chinese Medicine， Beijing 100029， China
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
type 2 diabetes mellitus;
mild cognitive impairment;
modified Buwangsan;
glucose and lipid metabolism;
neuroprotection;
PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway
- From:
Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae
2025;31(13):104-113
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
ObjectiveTo evaluate the therapeutic effects of modified Buwangsan on cognitive dysfunction in the rat model of type 2 diabetes mellitus with mild cognitive impairment （T2DM-MCI） and explore the underlying mechanism. MethodsThirty-six 5-week-old SPF-grade SD rats were randomly assigned into 6 groups： Normal （Con， fed with a normal diet）， model （DM， fed with a high-sugar and high-fat diet）， low-dose modified Buwangsan （L-BWS， 1.86 g·kg-1）， medium-dose modified Buwangsan （M-BWS， 3.72 g·kg-1）， high-dose modified Buwangsan （H-BWS，7.44 g·kg-1）， and huperzine A （SSJJ， 0.018 mg·kg-1）. The rats were treated by gavage once a day for 12 weeks. The body weight and blood glucose level were monitored dynamically. Morris water maze was employed to test the cognitive function of rats. Hematoxylin-eosin and Nissl staining were employed to observe the pathological changes of the hippocampus. The levels of tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α）， interleukin-1β （IL-1β）， and interleukin-6 （IL-6） in the serum and hippocampus were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Western blotting was employed to determine the expression levels of key autophagy-related proteins including microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 （LC3）， type Ⅲ phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase complex regulatory subunit （Beclin1）， and phosphorylated UNC-51-like kinase （p-ULK） 1/2 in the hippocampus. Immunofluorescence staining was employed to observe the regulation of p-PI3K/PI3K， p-mTOR/mTOR， and p-Akt/Akt ratios. ResultsCompared with the DM group， the L-BWS， M-BWS， H-BWS， and SSJJ groups showed increases in body weight at the end of the experiment （P<0.05）， and the M-BWS， H-BWS and SSJJ groups showed declines in fasting blood glucose level （P<0.05）. In the water maze test， compared with the DM group， the M-BWS， H-BWS， and SSJJ groups presented shortened escape latency （P<0.001）. The L-BWS， M-BWS， H-BWS， and SSJJ group showcased regularly arranged cells in the hippocampus and cortex， markedly increased number of neurons， and significantly recovered Nissl bodies. Compared with the DM group， the L-BWS， M-BWS， H-BWS， and SSJJ groups had reductions in the levels of IL-1β and IL-6 in the serum and hippocampus （P<0.05）， increases in the LC3-II/LC3-I ratio and expression level of beclin1 in the hippocampus （P<0.05） and the p-ULK level （P<0.05）. The p-PI3K/PI3K， p-Akt/Akt， and p-mTOR/mTOR ratios in the hippocampus decreased in the M-BWS， H-BWS， and SSJJ groups （P<0.01）. ConclusionModified Buwangsan significantly ameliorates cognitive dysfunction and neurological damage in the rat model of T2DM through multiple mechanisms. It regulates metabolic disorders， lowers the blood glucose level， improves lipid metabolism， and alleviates oxidative stress. It promotes the protection and repair of neurons by inhibiting inflammatory responses and activating the autophagy pathway in the hippocampus. At the same time， modified Buwangsan relieves autophagy inhibition by regulating the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway to alleviate the brain tissue injury.
