Etiology and treatment progress of gummy smile

VernacularTitle:露龈笑的病因及治疗进展
Author: Dong ZHANG ¹ ; Changsheng YANG ; Guodong SONG ; Xianlei ZONG ; Xiaoshuang GUO ; Chenzhi LAI ; Le DU ; Hong DU ; Xiaolei JIN
Author Information

1. 中国医学科学院北京协和医学院整形外科医院整形十六科，北京　100144
Keywords: Gummy smile; Orthognathic surgery; Surgery first
From: Chinese Journal of Plastic Surgery 2022;38(8):940-945
CountryChina
Language:Chinese
Abstract: The gummy smile means excessive gingival display, which impairs patients’ appearance, psychological status, and social relationships. With the development of orthodontics, orthognathics, periodontics, and plastic surgeries, the treatment of the gummy smile turned into comprehensive multidisciplinary approaches. The etiology and recently developed approaches will be reviewed in this article.