Influence of periodontal microbial homeostasis on neurodegenerative diseases and its therapeutic perspectives
10.3760/cma.j.cn112144-20231027-00225
- VernacularTitle:牙周微生物稳态对神经退行性疾病的影响及其治疗前景
- Author:
Lingwenyao KONG
1
;
Xiaotao HE
;
Faming CHEN
;
Xuan LI
Author Information
1. 第四军医大学口腔医院口腔牙周病科 口颌系统重建与再生全国重点实验室 国家口腔疾病临床医学研究中心 陕西省口腔疾病国际联合研究中心，西安 710032
- Keywords:
Periodontitis;
Dental plaque;
Periodontal microbial homeostasis;
Neurodegenerative diseases;
Gut microorganisms
- From:
Chinese Journal of Stomatology
2024;59(8):851-856
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
The oral cavity is the second largest reservoir of microorganisms in the human body, containing more than 700 species. Periodontal microorganisms are an important part of oral microorganisms. Plaque biofilm, the initiator of periodontal disease, contains an abundance of oral microorganisms. The special complex anatomy of the periodontium allows for a higher abundance of the periodontal microbiota. There are growing evidences show that the periodontal microbiota is not only closely associated with oral diseases, but also plays an important role in mouth-brain interactions. Dysbiosis of the periodontal microbiota may facilitate the progression of neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer disease, Parkinson disease, and multiple sclerosis. Here, this paper reviews the bidirectional role of periodontal microbiota between the oral cavity and the brain, that is, the bridge effect of periodontal microbiota involved in the interaction between the two diseases, enumerates the epidemiological and biological evidences that dysregulation of the periodontal microbiota induces and exacerbates neurodegenerative diseases, and analyzes their possible mechanisms. The positive implications of periodontal microbial homeostasis in the prevention and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases are described with the aim of providing new ideas and insights into the pathogenesis and therapeutic approaches for neurodegenerative diseases.
