Periodontal tissue regeneration: current therapeutic strategies and future directions in further research
10.3760/cma.j.cn112144-20240130-00050
- VernacularTitle:牙周组织再生——当前治疗策略和未来研究方向的思考
- Author:
Faming CHEN
1
Author Information
1. 第四军医大学口腔医院口腔牙周病科 口颌系统重建与再生全国重点实验室 国家口腔疾病临床医学研究中心 陕西省口腔疾病国际联合研究中心，西安 710032
- Keywords:
Periodontitis;
Periodontal tissue regeneration;
Guided tissue regeneration;
Bone transplantation;
Stem cell therapy;
Endogenous regeneration
- From:
Chinese Journal of Stomatology
2024;59(4):312-317
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Chronic and progressive destruction/damage of the periodontal tissues resulted from periodontitis is the leading cause of tooth loss in adults. Traditional periodontal therapies such as scaling and root planning or flap surgery have demonstrated effective in controlling local inflammation and in suppressing/arresting the disease progression of periodontitis. However, those infection control measures cannot help to regenerate lost periodontal tissues to a statistically or clinically significant degree. Although some successes regarding the reduction of the intrabony defect and maintenance of the periodontal homeostasis have been achieved in periodontal regenerative procedures, comprising but not limited to guided tissue regeneration (GTR) or bone grafting technique, the restorative effectiveness of the architecture and function of the lost or injured tissues is far from our clinical expectation. The use of the concept, technique, and method of tissue engineering for periodontal regeneration is a hotspot and animal studies have shown interesting outcomes in terms of functional regeneration of lost/damaged support tissues in the periodontium, including alveolar bone, periodontal ligament, and cementum. However, numerous issues need to be addressed before those regenerative approaches can be responsibly transformed to novel clinical therapies. Recently, paradigm that induces homing of host stem cells to site of the periodontium and encourage the body's innate capability to repair is a new research field termed endogenous regeneration. Given that endogenous regenerative technique avoids ex- vivo cell culture and transplantation, it should be relatively easier to be used in the treatment of clinical patients. Due to the limited oral microenvironment and harsh periodontal local condition for tissue regeneration, as well as poor understanding of periodontal regenerative biology, there is still a long way ahead to explore new effective, practical, and economical therapies to save and protect natural tooth and for combating highly prevalent periodontal disease.
