Clinical and Imaging Features of Neonatal Herpes Simplex Encephalitis
10.3969/j.issn.1005-5185.2024.03.007
- VernacularTitle:新生儿单纯疱疹病毒性脑炎临床与影像特征
- Author:
Huanyu LUO
1
;
Di HU
;
Shuangfeng YANG
;
Hang LI
;
Yun PENG
Author Information
1. 国家儿童医学中心,首都医科大学附属北京儿童医院影像中心,北京 100045
- Keywords:
Neonate;
Encephalitis,herpes simplex;
Encephalitis,viral;
Magnetic resonance imaging
- From:
Chinese Journal of Medical Imaging
2024;32(3):245-249
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Purpose To summarize the clinical and imaging features of neonatal herpes simplex encephalitis(NHSE).Materials and Methods Clinical and imaging data of 5 NHSE from January 2016 to June 2023 in Beijing Children's Hospital,Capital Medical University were retrospectively collected.All five children underwent MRI examinations,with three of them undergoing enhanced scanning simultaneously.Two children had previously undergone CT scans.The location,density/signal,enhancement characteristics as well as follow-up imaging changes of the lesions were reviewed.Results The main clinical manifestations of NHSE were fever(5 cases)and seizure(4 cases),sometimes accompanied by herpes(2 cases).Imaging examinations in NHSE typically presented with symmetric(1 case)or diffuse/multifocal(4 cases)lesions in bilateral cerebral hemispheres,along with involvement of the bilateral thalamus(5 cases).Early CT scans showed either no abnormalities(1 case)or extensive areas of low density(1 case).MRI examinations usually demonstrated restricted diffusion of acute phase lesions(3 cases)and significant leptomeningeal enhancement in affected areas(3 cases).Intracranial lesions often led to the diffuse atrophy of brain parenchyma and polycystic encephalomalacia(3 cases),indicating a poor prognosis.Conclusion The clinical manifestations of NHSE are nonspecific.Early MRI examinations are of great value for accurate diagnosis and disease evaluation.
