Development, Validation, and Reproducibility of a Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) for Adult Population in Brunei Darussalam
https://doi.org/10.47836/mjmhs.20.1.23
- Author:
Syahirah Marshidi
1
;
Satvinder Kaur
1
;
Hui Chin Koo
2
;
Vaidehi Ulaganathan
1
;
Munawwarah Tarif
3
Author Information
1. Department of Food Science with Nutrition, Faculty of Applied Sciences, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
2. Department of Bioscience, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Tunku Abdul Rahman University of Management and Technology
3. Health Promotion Centre, Ministry of Health, Brunei Darussalam
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
Brunei Darussalam;
food frequency questionnaire;
adults;
development;
validation;
reliability
- From:Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences
2024;20(No.1):175-185
- CountryMalaysia
- Language:English
-
Abstract:
Introduction: The dietary intake of adults in Brunei Darussalam has not been thoroughly investigated via the food
frequency questionnaire (FFQ). This study aimed to establish, validate and test the reproducibility of an FFQ to determine and evaluate the adult dietary intake in Brunei Darussalam. Methods: Participants were divided into; (1) development phase (50 adults); (2) validation phase (100 adults); (3) reproducibility phase (subsample of 40 adults). 3-day
dietary record (3DR) was used in development phase to gather food items consumed. 2-day dietary record(2DR) was
used as a reference method in validation. Nutrients analyze were energy, macronutrients, calcium, and vitamins
A and C. Validation analysis were spearman correlation, mean difference, Bland-Altman plot, cohen’s kappa and
cross-classification analyses. Reliability analyses were intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC), Cronbach’s alpha and
cross classification to compare repeat FFQ administered with 1 to 3 months interval. Results: The FFQ consisted 138
food items from 12 food groups. In validation, mean difference between FFQ and 2DR exceeded 10%, spearman
correlation were significantly strong (r=0.994 to r=0.107). Cross-classification demonstrated > 50% of nutrients were
correctly and adjacently classified, Bland-Altman plots were relatively consistent for the two methods. Cohen’s kappa ranged from 0.081 to 0.040, demonstrating weak agreement. In reproducibility, ICC outcomes for FFQ1(0.463)
and FFQ2(0.978), Cronbach’s alpha was > 0.8, and > 95% of the nutrients were correctly or adjacently classified.
Conclusion: The FFQ designed in this study was valid due to the consistency with the dietary records; hence, a reliable tool to predict the dietary intake of Brunei Darussalam adults.
- Full text:11.2024my1727.pdf
