BACKGROUND

The Ifontok people are an ethnolinguistic group in the Mountain Province of the Philippines, for whom constructing and occupying a new house symbolizes the fulfillment of personal aspirations and reflects cultural traditions and beliefs that shape community life, worldviews, and social behavior.

This study examined the house construction rituals of the Ifontok people and their influence on health beliefs, highlighting the interconnectedness of culture, environment, and well-being.

A qualitative ethnographic design was employed. Six participants were interviewed between February 2021 and June 2022 until data saturation was reached. Colaizzi’s seven-step method was used for the systematic analysis of cultural experiences.

The Ifontok perform rituals before, during, and after house construction, as well as upon occupying a new home. Rooted in traditional beliefs, these rituals aim to ensure structural stability, invite prosperity, and safeguard holistic health. Beyond their symbolic function, the rituals serve as rites of passage that foster psychological reassurance, emotional resilience, and social cohesion. They frame health as a balance of physical, mental, and spiritual well-being, while adaptive strategies address challenges in sustaining these practices amid modern influences.

Ifontok house construction rituals integrate practical building practices, spiritual beliefs, and communal welfare. They promote mindful living, psychological well-being, and environmental awareness, offering insights for educators and healthcare practitioners working with Indigenous communities.

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES

The use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) has increased over the years. Although the incidence of CAM use among general and disease-specific groups has been researched, little is known about CAM use among Filipino dermatological patients. This study aims to determine the extent and nature of complementary medicine use among patients with dermatologic problems seen in this institution.

This is a descriptive, prospective study that made use of a researcher-created questionnaire to determine the prevalence of complementary and alternative medicine. Six months of research were undertaken at the Dermatology clinic of a tertiary hospital. It utilized convenience sampling technique consisting of patients who visited the Dermatology clinic for an in-person consultation.

Sixty-five percent of the participants had attempted at least one kind of CAM to treat their dermatological condition, with the majority of participants between the ages of 18 and 25 (25.3%). The most prevalent condition treated with CAM was allergies (36.7%) of unknown etiology, followed by fungal infection (17.7%) and eczema (11.4%). Herbal medicine (65.8%) was the most popular method among respondents, followed by folk medicine, which was primarily recommended by family/relatives. The majority of CAM users were influenced by others, and several were financially challenged. Most CAM users reported no or minimal disease improvement, and the majority do not recommend CAM to others.

This is the first study to investigate the use of complementary and alternative medicine in dermatologic diseases in general in the country. Board-certified dermatologist should keep an open mind towards patients who might seek out other type of treatment, either as an adjunct or an alternative, given the high prevalence of CAM users among dermatology patients.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES

Many patients have received acupuncture treatment to address various health problems and it has been presented in several studies to be effective. However, stories of patients on the use of acupuncture may present some additional information including contextual factors about acupuncture treatment. This study was conducted to explore experiences of patients in a community-based acupuncture clinic on the impact of acupuncture as a treatment modality. In particular, this study aimed to understand how acupuncture has changed patients’ lives through a life stories approach, describe how the treatment affected their perceptions about their well-being, and to elicit their views of the acupuncture as an alternative or complementary treatment.

A narrative inquiry was done using in-depth interviews individually conducted among eight participants, who were selected purposively based on having had at least 12 consecutive acupuncture sessions at a communitybased acupuncture clinic. All the interviews were audio-recorded and later transcribed by a professional external interviewer following written informed consent from all the participants. The research protocol was submitted and approved by the Ethics Review Committee of the University Research Institute for Health Sciences. The researchers analyzed the interview transcripts using Murray’s narrative analysis approach.

Participants’ stories highlighted their personal experiences of how they had come to know about acupuncture, how their experiences have changed their perceptions of the treatment, and how the outcomes of acupuncture treatment have affected their lives. The findings emphasize four narratives: pain relief, acupuncture being complementary to Western medicine, social support, and advocacy.

This study emphasizes qualitative findings that are essential to be considered in the implementation of community-based acupuncture clinics that may help make acupuncture care accessible to community residents as well as maximize the potential of this treatment modality.

BACKGROUND

Community pharmacists are strategically positioned to dispense Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) products as part of their innate roles in the provision of accurate drug information to patients. This unique position of the pharmacist could be best realized if equipped with good knowledge and skills in regard to CAM products.

This study aimed to assess the readiness of community pharmacists in the provision of CAM productrelated information to patients by assessing the knowledge and determined the attitudes and practices of community pharmacists regarding CAM products in Eastern Visayas, Philippines.

A descriptive mixed-method (qualitative and quantitative) survey design was utilized in this study. Community pharmacists (n=58) in Eastern Visayas, Philippines were the research participants in the study. The survey questionnaire constituted four sections: socio-demographic profile, attitudes, practices, and knowledge of community pharmacists on CAM products. Descriptive statistical analysis was performed using SPSS Version 20.

Results revealed that the majority of respondents are female (87.93%), age range in between 21-30 (62.07%), working full-time (79.31%), and bachelor’s degree holder (98.28%). More than half of the participants (53.45%) did not receive any education or training on CAM products during undergraduate studies. Community pharmacists displayed strong positive attitudes (mean=3.74) and had a moderate frequency of practice on CAM products (mean=3.20). The knowledge test revealed that only a few of the community pharmacists (31.03%) were considered knowledgeable. A significant relationship between years of work experience in community pharmacy and knowledge was found in this study.

Despite having strong attitude and moderate level of practice, community pharmacists in Eastern Visayas showed a low level of knowledge on CAM products. Demand for CAM products by patients encouraged community pharmacists to dispense and provide information. Readiness of community pharmacists in terms of knowledge provision of CAM product-related information to patients were found to be insufficient while a moderate level of practice towards CAM products was reported. Community pharmacists displayed a strong positive attitude towards CAM products. Overall, the community pharmacists are not ready to provide CAM information service in the context of the knowledge, attitude, and practices.

BACKGROUND

Traditional and alternative medicine (TAM) is increasingly recognized for its potential to complement conventional medicine. However, its acceptance and perspectives among medical doctors remain underexplored, particularly in Zamboanga City.

To assess the level of acceptance, perspectives, and reasons influencing medical doctors’ willingness or hesitancy to advise TAM.

Descriptive cross-sectional study conducted among 230 medical doctors from public and private institutions. Data were collected using a validated questionnaire and in-depth interviews. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, and qualitative data underwent thematic analysis.

74.8% of respondents exhibited high acceptance of TAM, 21.3% were neutral, and 3.9% showed low acceptance. Most believed TAM could enhance patient satisfaction (53.48%) and improve quality of life (62.61%). However, 61.3% reported slight-to-moderate comfort in discussing TAM, and 43.91% rarely initiated such conversations. A majority (55.65%) supported TAM services being delivered by physicians trained in TAM alongside Department of Health-registered professionals, preferably integrated in primary care (38.26%) or hospital-based settings (30%). Willingness to advise TAM was driven by professional development opportunities (58.7%) and improved regulation (57.39%), whereas hesitancy stemmed from concerns about insufficient scientific evidence (65.65%) and lack of regulation (61.3%). Interest in TAM training was high (63.48%), particularly in acupuncture and herbal medicine. Thematic analysis identified key barriers (limited evidence, regulatory gaps, and training deficits) and facilitators (education, policy standardization, research, and educational curriculum integration).

Strong interest in TAM integration exists, contingent on training and regulatory improvements. Findings highlight the need for targeted education, policy reforms, and evidence generation to support evidence-based TAM inclusion in Philippine healthcare.

The advances of modern medicine have inadvertently led to a globally ageing population plagued primarily with non-communicable diseases. In addition to traditional medical approaches, nature-based therapy is becoming an increasingly attractive option, with its potential to holistically address physical and mental facets of health and well-being, and to complement 'preventive' and 'population health' strategies, both of which form the bedrock of sustainable healthcare. However, at present, there is vast heterogeneity in the implementation of nature-based therapy, limiting its widespread and sustainable use. The aim of this review is to practically examine and provide a focussed summary of the current evidence with a view to identifying existing gaps and limitations, and to propose directions for future research and implementation within the healthcare setting.
Humans ; Singapore ; Tertiary Care Centers ; Hospitals, Public ; Delivery of Health Care ; Nature ; Complementary Therapies/methods* ; Medicine, Traditional/methods*

OBJECTIVE: To observe the clinical efficacy of acupuncture combined with bamboo-based medicinal moxibustion in the treatment of chronic insomnia complicated with mild depressive state. METHODS: A total of 60 patients with chronic insomnia complicated with mild depressive state were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group, 30 cases in each group. The control group was treated with acupuncture at bilateral Zhaohai (KI6), Shenmen (HT7), Sanyinjiao (SP6), Anmian (Extra) and Sishencong (EX-HN1), Baihui (GV20), etc. The observation group was treated with bamboo-based medicinal moxibustion based on the treatment in the control group, on the abdomen，Shenque (CV8), Guanyuan (CV4), Zhongwan (CV12) and bilateral Tianshu (ST25) were selected , on the back, the acupoints of governer vessel from Dazhui (GV14) to Yaoshu (GV2) were selected. Both groups were treated once every other day, 3 times a week for 4 weeks. The Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) score, Hamilton depression scale-17 (HAMD-17) score, insomnia severity index (ISI) score, fatigue assessment instrument (FAI) score before and after treatment and after 2 weeks of treatment completion (follow-up) were observed in the two groups, and the serum level of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) before and after treatment was detected in the two groups, and the clinical efficacy and safety were evaluated. RESULTS: After treatment and in the follow-up, the sub-item scores and total scores of PSQI in both groups were reduced compared with those before treatment (P<0.001); except for the score of daytime dysfunction in the follow-up, the scores of sleep quality, sleep duration, daytime dysfunction, and total scores of PSQI in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). After treatment and in the follow-up, the HAMD-17, ISI and FAI scores in both groups were reduced compared with those before treatment (P<0.001); the scores in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). After treatment，the serum levels of GABA in both groups were increased compared with those before treatment (P<0.05); the level in the observation group was higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). The total effective rate of treating chronic insomnia in the observation group was 96.7% (29/30), which was higher than 80.0% (24/30) in the control group (P<0.05); and the total effective rate of improving mild depressive state was 93.3% (28/30), which was higher than 66.7% (20/30) in the control group (P<0.001). During the treatment period, no serious adverse reactions occurred in both groups. CONCLUSION Acupuncture combined with bamboo-based medicinal moxibustion has definite efficacy in the treatment of chronic insomnia complicated with mild depressive state, and has synergistic efficacy in improving sleep quality, sleep duration, daytime dysfunction and depressive state, its action mechanism may be related to the increase of serum level of GABA.
Humans ; Moxibustion ; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders/therapy* ; Male ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Adult ; Depression/therapy* ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Treatment Outcome ; Aged ; Young Adult ; Acupuncture Points

OBJECTIVE: To observe the clinical efficacy of electroacupuncture combined with ear tip bloodletting for insomnia with phlegm-fire disturbing heart. METHODS: A total of 60 cases with insomnia of phlegm-fire disturbing heart were selected, and the treatment of electroacupuncture combined with ear tip bloodletting was delivered. Acupuncture was applied at Yintang (GV24⁺), Shenting (GV24), Sishencong (EX-HN1) and bilateral Shenmen (HT7), Quchi (LI11), Zhaohai (KI6), Shenmai (BL62), Fenglong (ST40), Neiting (ST4), Yintang (GV24⁺) and Shenting (GV24) were connected to electroacupuncture, continuous wave, 2 Hz in frequency. In addition, bloodletting was applied at ear tip. The treatment was given for 4 weeks. Before treatment, and after 1,4 weeks into treatment, the scores of Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI), Athens insomnia scale (AIS), insomnia severity index (ISI) and TCM syndrome were compared, and the clinical efficacy was evaluated in the patients. RESULTS: After 1,4 weeks into treatment, the scores of PSQI, AIS, ISI and TCM syndrome were decreased compared with those before treatment in the patients (P<0.05). Of 60 cases, 30 cases were cured, 19 cases markedly effective, 9 cases effective and 2 cases failed, and the total effective rate was 96.7% (58/60). CONCLUSION Electroacupuncture combined with ear tip bloodletting can improve the sleep quality and clinical symptoms in patients with insomnia of phlegm-fire disturbing heart.
Humans ; Male ; Female ; Electroacupuncture ; Middle Aged ; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders/physiopathology* ; Adult ; Bloodletting ; Acupuncture Points ; Aged ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVE: To observe the clinical efficacy of Fu's subcutaneous needling based on "multi-joint muscle spiral balance chain" theory for cervical vertigo (CV) and its effect on blood flow velocity of vertebral artery. METHODS: A total of 60 patients with CV were randomized into a Fu's subcutaneous needling group and a medication group, 30 cases in each one. In the Fu's subcutaneous needling group, Fu's subcutaneous needling was delivered at Dazhui (GV14), the flexible tube was retained for 5 min after sweeping manipulation, and the treatment was given once every other day, 3 times a week for 3 weeks. In the medication group, betahistine mesylate tablet and diclofenac sodium dual-release enteric capsule were taken orally for continuous 3 weeks. Before treatment, after treatment, and in follow-up of one month after treatment completion, the scores of dizziness handicap inventory (DHI) and visual analogue scale (VAS) were observed; before and after treatment, the blood flow velocity of vertebral artery was measured by transcranial Doppler, and the clinical efficacy was evaluated after treatment in the two groups. RESULTS: After treatment and in follow-up, each item scores and total scores of DHI were decreased compared with those before treatment in the two groups (P<0.05); the VAS scores after treatment in the two groups, as well as the VAS score in follow-up of the Fu's subcutaneous needling group, were decreased compared with those before treatment (P<0.05). In the Fu's subcutaneous needling group, after treatment and in follow-up, the physical scores and the total scores of DHI, and the VAS scores were lower than those in the medication group (P<0.05); in follow-up, the emotional and functional scores of DHI were lower than those in the medication group (P<0.05). After treatment, the mean blood flow velocity (Vm) of the left vertebral artery (LVA) and the right vertebral artery (RVA) was increased compared with that before treatment in the two groups (P<0.05), and the Vm of LVA and RVA in the Fu's subcutaneous needling group was higher than that in the medication group (P<0.05). The total effective rate was 100.0% (30/30) in the Fu's subcutaneous needling group, which was superior to 73.3% (22/30) in the medication group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION Fu's subcutaneous needling based on the "multi-joint muscle spiral balance chain" theory can effectively alleviate the vertigo and neck pain, and improve the blood flow velocity of vertebral artery in CV patients, and has a long-term therapeutic effect.
Humans ; Female ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Acupuncture Therapy/instrumentation* ; Vertebral Artery/physiopathology* ; Adult ; Vertigo/physiopathology* ; Aged ; Blood Flow Velocity ; Treatment Outcome ; Acupuncture Points ; Young Adult

One case of multi-dimensional cervical disorder was diagnosed and treated using jingjin (sinew/muscle) theory. According to the patient's symptoms, guided by jingjin theory, this case was diagnosed as the jingjin (muscle region) disorder of foot-taiyang. On the distribution of the muscle region of foot-taiyang, the distal junctions of the muscle region, Kunlun (BL60) and Feiyang (BL58), as well as the knotted sites, Wangu (GB12), Tianzhu (BL10) and Cuanzhu (BL2) were the keys in the distal acupuncture technique along meridian. After three treatments, the movement of neck region was recovered, the foreign body sensation while swallowing and the discomforts in the supraclavicular fossa disappeared.
Humans ; Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Meridians ; Cervical Vertebrae/pathology*