Stroke is the leading cause of death and disability among adults in China， and its common complications include digestive system abnormalities， cognitive impairment， depression， stroke-associated pneumonia， and hemiplegia. The combination of traditional Chinese and Western medicine has great potential in treating post-stroke complications. Xinglou Chengqitang （XLCQT） is a representative prescription of alleviating the disease in the upper part by treating the lower part. It has definite therapeutic effect and high safety. Clinically， XLCQT is often used to treat stroke and its complications. However， the quantity and quality of clinical trials of XLCQT in treating post-stroke complications need to be improved. Additionally， since the basic research is weak， the material basis and multi-target mechanism for the efficacy of this prescription are unknown. This article reviews XLCQT in terms of the pharmacodynamic basis， medicinal properties， safety evaluation， and progress in clinical research and mechanisms in treating post-stroke complications. This article summarizes 22 key active ingredients of XLCQT in treating acute stroke complicated with syndrome of phlegm heat and fu-organ excess. Among these key active ingredients， resveratrol， kaempferol， luteolin， chrysoeriol， apigenin， （+）-catechin， and adenosine have good pharmacokinetic properties and high bioavailability. The mechanisms of XLCQT in treating post-stroke complications are complex， including inflammatory response， brain-gut axis， hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal （HPA） axis， intestinal flora， neurotrophic factors， autophagy， oxidative stress， and free radical damage. This review helps to deeply understand the pharmacodynamic basis and mechanisms of XLCQT in treating post-stroke complications and provides a theoretical basis for the clinical application of XLCQT against post-stroke complications and the development of drugs.

The morphological characteristics and pathological progression of vulnerable plaques in atherosclerosis （AS） exhibit a high degree of similarity to the concept of "abscesses and ulcers" in traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）. Therefore， vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques can be analogized as "abscesses and ulcers within the vessels"， for which deficiency， stasis and toxin constitute the core pathogenesis. The pathological evolution progresses through three sequential stages， deficiency leading to pathological substances， with phlegm and stasis accumulating into a mass； the mass transforming into putridity， with internal decay and external thinning； putridity brewing toxin， and toxin accumulation threatening rupture， ultimately resulting in plaque instability. Accordingly， a stage-specific treatment strategy is established. In the early stage， it is suggested to supplement deficiency， resolve the mass， dissipate stasis， and prevent putridity， using Liujunzi Decoction （六君子汤） combined with Danshen Decoction （丹参饮） with modifications. In the middle stage， the treatment should focus on transforming putridity to generate new tissue， and rectifying healthy qi to consolidate the body， with modified Tuoli Xiaodu Powder （托里消毒散）. In the late stage， the treatment principle is clearing and resolving putridity toxin， cooling the blood， and preventing ulcerative rupture， using modified Simiao Yong'an Decoction （四妙勇安汤） combined with Xijiao Dihuang Decoction （犀角地黄汤）.

With the continuous deepening of the concept of precision diagnosis and treatment for lung cancer, how to achieve higher efficiency and accuracy in the screening, diagnosis, and treatment pathways in clinical practice has become an important issue that urgently needs to be overcome. The current clinical difficulty lies in the fact that despite continuous advancements in imaging and molecular diagnostic technologies, there are still limitations in manual efficiency and subjective experience when it comes to massive data analysis and multi-scale feature extraction. Artificial intelligence (AI), especially algorithm systems based on deep learning, is an innovative technology capable of deeply empowering medical big data. This method utilizes algorithms such as convolutional neural networks, combined with radiomics, pathomics, and multi-modal data fusion analysis, demonstrating immense potential in early precise detection and benign-malignant differentiation of pulmonary nodules, digital pathological subtype recognition and non-invasive prediction of driver genes, precise 3D surgical planning and automatic delineation of radiotherapy target volumes, as well as dynamic risk warning during follow-up. This innovative technology provides a brand-new solution for realizing intelligent and individualized lung cancer diagnosis and treatment models. This consensus, based on the latest evidence from evidence-based medicine and combined with the development trends in the AI field and real-world clinical needs, was ultimately formed by gathering the consensus opinions of multidisciplinary experts in radiology, pathology, thoracic surgery, and other fields. The main content covers the application specifications of AI in the three core scenarios of lung cancer screening, diagnosis, and treatment, the technical standards for data collection and algorithm validation, as well as the ethical and regulatory challenges faced at the current stage. It aims to clarify the applicable boundaries of AI as a clinical auxiliary decision support tool, providing scientific guidance and standardized exploration directions for peers currently engaged in or planning to carry out AI-assisted clinical diagnosis, treatment, and translation of lung cancer.

Objective To investigate the abnormal changes characteristics of the degree centrality(DC)of the brain functional network in patients with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo(BPPV)in the classical frequency band(0.010-0.080 Hz),the slow-4 frequency band(0.027-0.073 Hz),and the slow-5 frequency band(0.010-0.027 Hz).Methods Twenty patients with BPPV(BPPV group)and 14 healthy controls(HC)(HC group)were selected.Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging(rs-fMRI)scans were performed,and the clinical data were analyzed.The DC method was used to analyze the changes of centrality of resting state network in patients with BPPV.Results Compared with the HC group,the BPPV group showed an increase in DC in the left caudate nucleus in the classical frequency band(P＜0.05),and a decrease in DC in the right auxiliary motor region in the classical frequency band(P＜0.05);within the slow-4 frequency band,no significant differences were observed in brain regions(P＞0.05);within the slow-5 frequency band,the BPPV group showed an increase in DC in the left thalamus(P＜0.05),while the left anterior cingulate and paracingulate gyrus showed a decrease in DC(P＜0.05).Conclusion Patients with BPPV have spontaneous activity disorders in multiple brain regions at resting states,and these changes show frequency band specificity.

Objective:To compare the clinical outcomes of APTT-HTO and Biplanar-high tibial osteotomy (Biplanar-HTO) in treating medial compartment knee osteoarthritis.Methods:A non-randomized controlled trial was conducted. Twenty-eight patients with medial compartment knee osteoarthritis who underwent HTO at the Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University from August 2021 to January 2022 were enrolled. Based on the patients' surgical preference, they were assigned to either the APTT-HTO group ( n=15) or the Biplanar-HTO group ( n=13), followed up for 12 months postoperatively. Postoperative pain Visual Analog Scale (VAS) scores, Knee Society Score (KSS), changes in patellar height (Caton-Deschamps Index, CDI), and posterior tibial slope (PTS) were compared between the two groups. Results:The APTT-HTO group demonstrated a significantly shorter operative time (64.13±4.85 min) compared to the Biplanar-HTO group (81.54±6.09 min) ( P<0.05). No significant differences were observed in intraoperative correction (APTT-HTO: 12.19°±4.85°; Biplanar-HTO: 11.23°±3.02°) or postoperative drainage volume (APTT-HTO: 47.00±13.79 ml; Biplanar-HTO: 47.00±11.17 ml) ( P>0.05). At 12-month follow-up (APTT-HTO: 13.93±2.05 months; Biplanar-HTO: 14.08±2.14 months; no dropouts), the APTT-HTO group showed no significant changes in PTS (9.32°±2.04° vs. preoperative 8.82°±1.89°) or CDI (0.95±0.11 vs. 0.98±0.11) ( P>0.05), while the Biplanar-HTO group exhibited increased PTS (13.27°±1.99° vs. 8.86°±1.99°) and decreased CDI (0.64±0.10 vs. 0.97±0.16) ( P<0.05). The differences in PTS and CDI between the APTT HTO group and the Biplanar HTO group at 12 months after surgery were statistically significant ( P<0.05). Both groups achieved significant clinical improvements: in APTT-HTO, VAS decreased (preopreation 4.80±1.01 to postopreation 1.06±0.88), KSS knee scores increased (47.67±12.03 to 87.93±4.38), and KSS function scores improved (48.00±4.93 to 67.00±5.91); in Biplanar-HTO, VAS reduced (5.08±1.12 to 1.85±1.14), KSS knee scores rose (46.85±11.48 to 85.85±5.11), and KSS function scores enhanced (46.92±5.60 to 66.92±5.22) ( P<0.05 for all). Complications included soft tissue irritation (2 cases per group), with Biplanar-HTO additionally reporting deep vein thrombosis (1 case), hinge fracture (1 case), and patella baja (3 cases). Conclusions:Both APTT-HTO and Biplanar-HTO effectively treat medial compartment knee osteoarthritis. However, APTT-HTO outperforms Biplanar-HTO in preventing postoperative patella infera and minimizing alterations in PTS.

OBJECTIVE To design and synthesize rifamycin S derivatives and load them into milk exosomes to evaluate their in vitro antimicrobial activity.METHODS Rifamycin S derivatives were synthe-sized and characterized by mass spectrometry and NMR.Using the dilution assay method,the inhibitory activity of each rifamycin S derivatives molecule against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aerugi-nosa was determined,and the IC50 was calculated.Derivatives molecules with excellent antimicrobial activity were selected and loaded into milk exosomes using the ultrasonication method,resulting in the preparation of milk exosome-loaded rifamycin S derivatives.The antimicrobial activity against Staphylo-coccus aureus was determined using the dilution assay method.The inhibitory effect of the exosome-loaded rifamycin S derivatives on Staphylococcus aureus residing within macrophages was detected using the plate colony counting method.RESULTS Three rifamycin S derivatives were successfully designed and synthesized,which demonstrated superior antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus(the parent compound's antimicrobial activity is merely from 1/20 to 1/80 of that of the three rifamycin S derivatives)and Pseudomonas aeruginosa(the parent compound's antimicrobial activity is only 1/14 and 1/9 of that of compound 1 and compound 3)compared to the parent compound.The loading of milk exosomes with the rifamycin S derivatives compound 3 was successfully achieved,with a loading efficiency of 10.9％.The antimicrobial activity of the compound after exosome loading was significantly enhanced against Staphylococcus aureus in vitro and against Staphylococcus aureus residing within macrophages(P＜0.01).CONCLUSION The designed and synthesized derivatives of rifamycin S possess stronger anti-microbial activity,and their antibacterial efficacy against both extracellular and intracellular bacteria can be further enhanced after loading into exosomes.

Zebrafish larvae are useful for identifying chemicals against lateral line (LL) hair cell (HC) damage and this type of chemical screen mainly focuses on searching for protectors against cell death. To expand the candidate pool of HC protectors, a self-built acoustic escape response (AER)-detecting system was developed to apply both low-frequency near-field sound transmission and AER image acquisition/processing modules. The device quickly confirmed the changed LL HC functions caused by most known ototoxins, protectors, and neural transmission modifiers, or knockdown of LL HC-expressing genes. With ten devices wired in tandem, five 'hit' chemicals were identified from 124 cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors to partially restore cisplatin-damaged AER in less than a day. AS2863619, ribociclib, and SU9516 among the hits, protected the HCs in the mouse cochlea. Therefore, using free-swimming larval zebrafish, the self-made AER-detecting device can efficiently identify compounds that are protective against HC damage, including cell death and loss-of-function.
Animals ; Zebrafish ; Hair Cells, Auditory/physiology* ; Lateral Line System/cytology* ; Escape Reaction/physiology* ; Larva ; Mice ; Cisplatin/toxicity* ; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical/methods*

Objective: To investigate the association between emotional intelligence and sleep problems at the symptom level among junior and senior high school students, so as to provide new insights for interventions targeting junior and senior high school students sleep disorders. Methods: From November 2023 to May 2024, a stratified cluster random sampling method was employed to select 3 531 first year junior high school and first year senior high school students from 6 schools in Guangyuan City and Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture in Sichuan Province, as well as Lhasa City in Tibet Autonomous Region. The Insomnia Severity Index Scale and the Wong and Law Emotional Intelligence Scale(WLEIS) were used to assess sleep problems and emotional intelligence. A network analysis was performed to explore the relationship between emotional intelligence and sleep disorders, and a gender based network comparison analysis was conducted. Results: The reported rate of sleep problems among junior and senior high school students was 47.3%, with severe sleep problems of 2.2%. Difficulty maintaining sleep, worry about sleep, and emotional application were the core symptoms in the network (node strength values: 1.11, 0.98, and 0.82, respectively). Dissatisfaction with sleep and emotional application served as bridge symptoms connecting emotional intelligence and sleep problems (bridge strength values: 1.77 and 1.59, respectively). The edge weights of the emotional intelligence and sleep problems network differed significantly between genders (maximum difference in edge weight values was 0.13， P <0.05). Conclusions Emotional application ability and dissatisfaction with sleep are the key nodes in the network connecting emotional intelligence and sleep problems. Targeted efforts to enhance emotional application ability may effectively reduce the risk of sleep problems among junior and senior high school students.

Objective:To explore the correlation between triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index-body mass index (BMI) product (TyG-BMI) and hypertension.Methods:Based on the cross-sectional survey data of adult hypertension prevalence in Hunan Province from June 2013 to May 2014, 4 012 subjects aged ≥18 years with complete key data were included. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the correlation between TyG-BMI and hypertension, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to compare the ability of TyG index and TyG-BMI to identify hypertension.Results:A total of 4 012 subjects were included in this study, with an average age of (54.6±12.6)years, and males accounted for 40.98%(1 644/4 012). The prevalence of hypertension was 38.33%(1 538/4 012). Logistic regression analysis showed that elevated TyG-BMI was an independent risk factor for hypertension ( P<0.05). In the fully adjusted model, each 1/4 increase in TyG-BMI was associated with a 1.017-fold increase in the risk of hypertension ( OR=1.017, 95% CI: 1.014-1.019). Compared with the lowest quartile group (Q 1), the higher quartile groups (Q 2, Q 3, Q 4) of TyG-BMI had a higher risk of hypertension, with OR values of 1.841, 2.265, and 4.386, respectively. Restricted cubic spline plot showed a linear dose-response relationship between TyG-BMI and the risk of hypertension (overall trend P<0.001). In subgroup analyses stratified by age, gender, smoking and drinking status, TyG-BMI was positively correlated with hypertension. In addition, ROC curve analysis showed that TyG-BMI had better diagnostic value for hypertension compared with TyG index. Conclusions:TyG-BMI is an independent risk factor for hypertension. Excessively high TyG-BMI or gradual increase of TyG-BMI will increase the risk of hypertension, and TyG-BMI has higher value in identifying hypertension compared with TyG index.

Objective To investigate the abnormal changes characteristics of the degree centrality(DC)of the brain functional network in patients with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo(BPPV)in the classical frequency band(0.010-0.080 Hz),the slow-4 frequency band(0.027-0.073 Hz),and the slow-5 frequency band(0.010-0.027 Hz).Methods Twenty patients with BPPV(BPPV group)and 14 healthy controls(HC)(HC group)were selected.Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging(rs-fMRI)scans were performed,and the clinical data were analyzed.The DC method was used to analyze the changes of centrality of resting state network in patients with BPPV.Results Compared with the HC group,the BPPV group showed an increase in DC in the left caudate nucleus in the classical frequency band(P＜0.05),and a decrease in DC in the right auxiliary motor region in the classical frequency band(P＜0.05);within the slow-4 frequency band,no significant differences were observed in brain regions(P＞0.05);within the slow-5 frequency band,the BPPV group showed an increase in DC in the left thalamus(P＜0.05),while the left anterior cingulate and paracingulate gyrus showed a decrease in DC(P＜0.05).Conclusion Patients with BPPV have spontaneous activity disorders in multiple brain regions at resting states,and these changes show frequency band specificity.