ObjectiveTo explore the effect of Bushen Zhuyun Formula（补肾助孕方， BZF） on macrophage pola-rization in mouse uterine tissue with embryo implantation failure based on the janus kinase 2 （JAK2）/ signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 （STAT3） signaling pathway. MethodsFifty female and 25 male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into five groups including blank group， model group， low- and high-dose BZF groups， and dydrogesterone group， with 10 female and 5 male mice in each group. Except for the blank group， female mice in the estrous phase were subjected to superovulation induction. At 18：00 on the same day， female mice were co-housed with male mice at a ratio of 2∶1. The presence of sperm in vaginal exfoliated cells was examined on the following day， which was designated as gestational day 1 （GD1）. On GD4， an oil-based mifepristone solution was subcutaneously injected into the neck region of female mice to establish an embryo implantation dysfunction model. Beginning on GD1， mice in the low- and high-dose BZF groups were given 11.18 and 22.36 g/kg of the BZF solution by gavage， respectively. The dydrogesterone group was given 2.6 mg/kg of dydrogesterone solution by gavage. The blank group and the model group were given 10 g/kg of normal saline by gavage once daily. Interventions were administered once a day until GD4. On GD5， uterine tissues were collected， and HE staining was performed to evaluate endometrial morphology， endometrial thickness， and glandular number in female mice. The proportions of M1 and M2 macrophages in uterine tissues were detected by flow cytometry， and the levels of transforming growth factor-β1 （TGF-β1） and interleukin-10 （IL-10） in uterine tissue were measured by ELISA. The protein expression levels of Janus kinase 2 （JAK2）， phosphorylated JAK2 （p-JAK2）， signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 （STAT3）， and phosphorylated STAT3 （p-STAT3） in uterine tissue were detected by western blotting， and the mRNA expressions of JAK2， STAT3， IL-10， and TGF-β1 in uterine tissue was detected by real-time quantitative PCR. ResultsCompared to the blank group， the model group exhibited smaller and straighter endometrial glands， denser stroma， and fewer blood vessels， with reduced endometrial thickness and decreased glandular numbers. The proportion of M1 macrophages in uterine tissue increased， while the proportion of M2 macrophages and the levels of IL-10 and TGF-β1 decreased. The protein expression levels of JAK2， p-JAK2， STAT3， and p-STAT3， as well as the p-JAK2/JAK2 and p-STAT3/STAT3 ratios， were reduced. The mRNA expressions of JAK2， STAT3， IL-10， and TGF-β1 also decreased （P＜0.05）. Compared to the model group， the above indicators were improved in the low- and high-dose BZF groups， while some indicators were improved in the dydrogesterone group （P＜0.05）. Compared to the dydrogesterone group and the low-dose BZF group， the high-dose BZF group showed superior effects in improving endometrial morphology， endometrial thickness， glandular number， the proportion of M1 macrophages in uterine tissues， TGF-β1 levels， JAK2， p-JAK2， and p-STAT3 protein expression levels， the p-STAT3/STAT3 and p-JAK2/JAK2 ratios， as well as JAK2， IL-10， and TGF-β1 mRNA expressions （P＜0.05）. ConclusionBZF can improve the morphology of the endometrium during implantation in mice with embryo implantation failure， which may be related to specific regulation of the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway， modulation of macrophage polarization， and promotion of anti-inflammatory cytokine expression.

ObjectiveTo investigate whether the effect of Taohong Siwutang on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion （CIRI） injury in rats is related to the regulation of astrocyte polarization and explore the related mechanism. MethodsEighty-four male SD rats were randomly assigned to the following groups： A sham operation group， a model group， Taohong Siwutang treatment groups （low dose， medium dose， and high dose）， ligustrazine phosphate tablet （LPT） group， and AG490 group. All groups， except for the sham operation group， underwent middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion （MCAO/R） modeling and were treated for seven days. The neurological impairment was evaluated using the Longa score. The volume of cerebral infarction was assessed through 2，3，5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride （TTC） staining. Real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR） and Western blot analyses were performed to analyze the mRNA and protein expression levels of cortical complement 3 （C3）， S100 calcium-binding protein A10 （S100A10）， Janus kinase 2 （JAK2）， and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 （STAT3）. Additionally， protein expression levels of vascular endothelial growth factor-A （VEGF-A） were assessed， and the mRNA expression levels of inflammatory factors， including interleukin-6 （IL-6）， interleukin-1β （IL-1β）， and tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α）， were evaluated. Glial fibrillary acidic protein （GFAP） and C3， S100A10 and Co-localization was detected via immunofluorescence double staining. Lastly， VEGF expression levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. ResultsCompared with the sham operation group， the model group showed a significant increase in cerebral infarction volume and neurological impairment （P<0.01）. C3 protein levels were elevated， while S100A10 levels were decreased. Pathway-related markers were significantly upregulated （P<0.05， P<0.01）， and VEGF-A protein levels were significantly reduced （P<0.01）. The mRNA expression of inflammatory factors was significantly upregulated （P<0.01）. Co-localization analysis showed significantly increased GFAP and C3 fluorescence intensity （P<0.01） and greatly decreased GFAP and S100A10 fluorescence intensity （P<0.01）. Additionally， VEGF content was significantly elevated （P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， medium- and high-dose Taohong Siwutang and LPT groups exhibited a significant reduction in cerebral infarction volume and neurological impairment （P<0.01）. Groups treated with low， medium， and high doses of Taohong Siwutang and LPT group exhibited a decrease in C3 protein expression levels and an increase in S100A10 expression levels （P<0.01）. In the high-dose Taohong Siwutang and AG490 groups， both protein and mRNA expression of C3 and pathway-related markers were significantly downregulated （P<0.05， P<0.01）， while S100A10 expression and VEGF-A protein levels were significantly increased （P<0.01）. Additionally， the mRNA expression levels of inflammatory factors were significantly reduced （P<0.01）. The co-localization fluorescence intensity of GFAP and C3 significantly decreased （P<0.01）， while that of GFAP and S100A10 greatly increased （P<0.01）. Furthermore， VEGF content exhibited a marked elevation （P<0.01）. ConclusionTaohong Siwutang exerts a protective effect in rats with cerebral CIRI injury. The underlying mechanism is associated with the downregulation of the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway， promotion of A2-type astrocyte polarization， reduction of inflammatory factor release， and enhancement of VEGF production.

ObjectiveTo investigate whether the effect of Taohong Siwutang on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion （CIRI） injury in rats is related to the regulation of astrocyte polarization and explore the related mechanism. MethodsEighty-four male SD rats were randomly assigned to the following groups： A sham operation group， a model group， Taohong Siwutang treatment groups （low dose， medium dose， and high dose）， ligustrazine phosphate tablet （LPT） group， and AG490 group. All groups， except for the sham operation group， underwent middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion （MCAO/R） modeling and were treated for seven days. The neurological impairment was evaluated using the Longa score. The volume of cerebral infarction was assessed through 2，3，5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride （TTC） staining. Real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR） and Western blot analyses were performed to analyze the mRNA and protein expression levels of cortical complement 3 （C3）， S100 calcium-binding protein A10 （S100A10）， Janus kinase 2 （JAK2）， and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 （STAT3）. Additionally， protein expression levels of vascular endothelial growth factor-A （VEGF-A） were assessed， and the mRNA expression levels of inflammatory factors， including interleukin-6 （IL-6）， interleukin-1β （IL-1β）， and tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α）， were evaluated. Glial fibrillary acidic protein （GFAP） and C3， S100A10 and Co-localization was detected via immunofluorescence double staining. Lastly， VEGF expression levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. ResultsCompared with the sham operation group， the model group showed a significant increase in cerebral infarction volume and neurological impairment （P<0.01）. C3 protein levels were elevated， while S100A10 levels were decreased. Pathway-related markers were significantly upregulated （P<0.05， P<0.01）， and VEGF-A protein levels were significantly reduced （P<0.01）. The mRNA expression of inflammatory factors was significantly upregulated （P<0.01）. Co-localization analysis showed significantly increased GFAP and C3 fluorescence intensity （P<0.01） and greatly decreased GFAP and S100A10 fluorescence intensity （P<0.01）. Additionally， VEGF content was significantly elevated （P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， medium- and high-dose Taohong Siwutang and LPT groups exhibited a significant reduction in cerebral infarction volume and neurological impairment （P<0.01）. Groups treated with low， medium， and high doses of Taohong Siwutang and LPT group exhibited a decrease in C3 protein expression levels and an increase in S100A10 expression levels （P<0.01）. In the high-dose Taohong Siwutang and AG490 groups， both protein and mRNA expression of C3 and pathway-related markers were significantly downregulated （P<0.05， P<0.01）， while S100A10 expression and VEGF-A protein levels were significantly increased （P<0.01）. Additionally， the mRNA expression levels of inflammatory factors were significantly reduced （P<0.01）. The co-localization fluorescence intensity of GFAP and C3 significantly decreased （P<0.01）， while that of GFAP and S100A10 greatly increased （P<0.01）. Furthermore， VEGF content exhibited a marked elevation （P<0.01）. ConclusionTaohong Siwutang exerts a protective effect in rats with cerebral CIRI injury. The underlying mechanism is associated with the downregulation of the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway， promotion of A2-type astrocyte polarization， reduction of inflammatory factor release， and enhancement of VEGF production.

Objective: To investigate the aberrant alterations of microRNAs ( miRNAs) in exosomes derived from bone marrow stromal cells ( BMSCs) in the bone marrow supernatants of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and their impact on the prognosis of AML patients . Methods: Bone marrow supernatant samples were col- lected from three AML patients and three healthy donors . Exosomes were isolated using a commercial kit , identif- ying the morphology and marker expression , and subjected to miRNA sequencing to determine differentially ex- pressed miRNAs (DE-miRNAs) . The DE-miRNAs were then intersected with the exosomal miRNA expression pro- files of primary AML cells (GSE64029) to exclude AML cell - derived signals and to identify BMSC-derived DE - miRNAs . Subsequently , candidate miRNAs were identified through Cox regression and Lasso regression analyses based on data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) . A prognostic risk model for AML was constructed , and pa- tients were stratified into high-risk and low-risk groups according to the median risk score . The prognostic value and clinical relevance of the model were further validated . Finally , the target genes of the candidate miRNAs were pre- dicted , followed by pathway enrichment analysis , construction of key regulatory networks , and correlation analysis between the expression levels of key miRNAs and their corresponding target genes . Results: Isolated exosomes ex- hibited a typical cup-shaped morphology with intact structures with particle size of 30 - 150 nm , and expressed exo- somal markers CD63 , ALIX , and TSG101 . miRNA sequencing identified 103 DE-miRNAs in AML patients com- pared with healthy donors; after intersection with the GSE64029 dataset , 83 BMSC-derived DE-miRNAs were re- tained . Among these , five candidate miRNAs ( miR-25-3p , miR-532-5p , miR-194-5p , miR-10a-5p , and miR- 20a-5p) were used to construct the prognostic model . Kaplan-Meier survival analysis demonstrated significantly lon- ger overall survival in the low-risk group compared with the high-risk group (P < 0. 05) . The areas under the ROC curve for the training/validation cohorts were 0. 80/0. 74 , 0. 80/0. 78 , and 0. 79/0. 64 at 1 , 2 , and 3 years , re- spectively . The prognostic model was significantly associated with risk stratification , patient age , and FAB classifi- cation (P < 0. 05) . KEGG pathway enrichment revealed that target genes of the candidate miRNAs were closely linked to cancer-related signaling pathways , including hepatocellular carcinoma , breast cancer , and non-small cell lung cancer. Correlation analysis indicated that the candidate miRNAs were significantly associated with key genes such as HIF1A , CREB1 , PIK3CA , IGF1R , PIK3R1 , TIAM1 , CRK , and PTEN (P < 0. 05) . Conclusion AML patients exhibit distinct miRNA expression profiles in BMSC-derived exosomes . A five-miRNA signature ( miR-25 - 3p , miR-532-5p , miR-194-5p , miR-10a-5p , and miR-20a-5p) demonstrates robust prognostic performance , sup- porting its potential clinical utility in risk stratification and outcome prediction for AML.

Objective To investigate the expression of serum microRNA(miR)-340-5p,miR-155-5p and their relationship with Th1/Th2 cytokines in patients with chronic hepatitis B.Methods A total of 128 pa-tients with chronic hepatitis B in this hospital from October 2021 to October 2023 were selected as the study group,and 96 healthy subjects from the hospital during the same period were selected as the control group.The expression levels of serum miR-340-5p and miR-155-5p were detected by fluorescence quantitative PCR(qPCR),and the expression levels of serum Th1/Th2 cytokines were detected by enzyme-linked immunosor-bent assay(ELISA).The relationship between miR-340-5p,miR-155-5p and Th1/Th2 cytokines was analyzed by Pearson method,and the influence of serum miR-340-5p and miR-155-5p on the occurrence of chronic HPV infection was analyzed by Logistic regression.Results Compared with the reference group,the serum levels of miR-340-5p,miR-155-5p,IL-4,and IL-13 in the study group decreased(P＜0.05),while the levels of IFN-γand IL-12 increased(P＜0.05).Serum miR-340-5p was negatively correlated with IFN-γ and IL-12(r=-0.315,-0.293,both P＜0.05),and positively correlated with IL-4 and IL-13(r=0.413,0.412,both P＜0.05).Serum miR-155-5p was negatively correlated with IFN-γ and IL-12(r=-0.406,-0.375,both P＜0.05),and positively correlated with IL-4 and IL-13(r=0.343,0.407,both P＜0.05).Serum miR-340-5p(OR=0.735,95％CI:Increased expression levels of 0.590-0.915)and miR-155-5p(OR=0.612,95％CI:0.416-0.900)were protective factors for the occurrence of chronic hepatitis B.IFN-γ(OR=1.652,95％CI:1.170-2.333)and IL-12(OR=1.063,95％CI:1.012-1.116)were risk factors for chronic hepatitis B(P＜0.05).Conclusion Serum miR-340-5p and miR-155-5p are usually low expressed in chronic hepatitis B patients,and they are negatively correlated with Th1 cytokine level and positively correlated with Th2 cytokine level.

Objective To construct a graded nursing program for exercise rehabilitation of children with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(HSCT)and carry out a preliminary application,aiming to provide a basis for healthcare personnel to guide the exercise rehabilitation of children with HSCT.Methods Literature analysis and Delphi expert correspondence were used to construct a graded nursing program of exercise rehabilitation for children with HSCT.Through the convenience sampling method,children with HSCT in the hematology department of a tertiary-level children's hospital in Suzhou City were selected as the study subjects from June-December 2023,of which 26 children with HSCT from September-December 2023 served as an experimental group,and 23 children with HSCT from June-August 2023 as a control group.The experimental group was applied with the graded nursing program of exercise rehabilitation,and the control group was applied with the conventional nursing care.The comparison of cardiorespiratory fitness and adverse events between the 2 groups after 8 weeks of exercise intervention was conducted,and the adherence to the exercise intervention programme in the experimental group was recorded.Results The final constructed graded care program of exercise rehabilitation for children with HSCT included 6 primary indicators,20 secondary indicators,and 44 tertiary indicators.Finally,21 children in the experimental group and 23 children in the control group were included in the study.After the intervention,the 6 min walking distance of the experimental group increased compared with that of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.001).85.71％of children in the experimental group had good exercise compliance,and there was no adverse events in both groups.Conclusion The constructed graded nursing program of exercise rehabilitation for children with HSCT is scientific,reasonable,safe and feasible,which can improve the cardiorespiratory capacity of children with HSCT and provide the basis for their exercise rehabilitation.

Based on the traditional heart-kidney theory,Professor Xia Guicheng,a master of traditional Chinese medicine,con-structed an academic thought with the"heart(brain)-kidney-uterus axis"as the core and proposed the treatment method of heart-kid-ney co-treatment.The"heart(brain)-kidney-uterus axis"has an important regulatory effect on the secretion of female reproductive hormones and has an important impact on the occurrence and recovery of female whole-life cycle diseases.Therefore,it can be used to treat female whole-life cycle diseases based on the heart-kidney co-treatment.Specifically,the treatment of dysmenorrhea should fo-cus on warming yang and removing stasis,calming the heart and relieving pain;infertility requires the correction of heart and kidney,and pays attention to the treatment of premenstrual and postmenstrual periods;threatened abortion should focus on heart and kidney and stabilize the fetal origin;the treatment of perimenopausal syndrome should focus on nourishing the kidney and blood,softening the liver and soothing the heart.

Sj?gren's syndrome(SS)is one of the common rheumatic diseases in clinical practice.Modern medicine commonly uses drugs such as artificial tears,saliva,glucocorticoids,immunosuppressants,and biologics to control the condition.Clinical practice has shown that in addition to modern medical basic treatment,the use of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)can help improve the clinical efficacy of SS.According to the symptoms and signs of Sj?gren's syndrome in TCM,it is classified as"dryness and obstruction",and the core pathogenesis of the disease is spleen deficiency and deficiency of body fluids.Subsequently,toxic and pathogenic factors gather,leading to the decline of internal organs.The initial causes are spleen damage,unstable barrier,and invasion of pathogenic factors.The core link is spleen dysfunction,insufficient body fluid,and dryness arising from it.Spleen deficiency generates evil,obstruction of qi,and lack of body fluids are the root causes of illness.The main treatment method is the"spleen strengthening method",which treats spleen deficiency,dampness and stagnation,and the body fluid is not distributed.The treatment focuses on strengthening the spleen and qi,supplementing the lungs and generating fluids.Spleen deficiency leads to loss of vitality,blood stasis obstructs blood vessels,and the treatment is to strengthen the spleen,soothe the liver,remove blood stasis,and unblock the orifices.The spleen yang is not vigorous,and qi transformation is impaired.The treatment is to invigorate the spleen and warm the stomach,promote yang circulation,and promote diuresis.

Objective To investigate the role of Taohong Siwu Decoction(THSWD)in microglia pyroptosis mediated neuronal injury in PC12 under oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion(OGD/R)and related mechanisms.Methods PC12 and BV2 cells were co-cultured using the OGD/R model to simulate ischemia-reperfusion injury of in vitro.The experiment was grouped as follows:control(PC12,PC12+BV2),OGD/R group(PC12,PC12+BV2),and OGD/R+10％THSWD-containing serum group(PC12,PC12+BV2).Oxygen and glucose was restored for 24h after 4-6h of deprivation.The severity of damage to PC12 cells was evaluated by cell counting kit-8(CCK-8)and flow cytometry.BV2 cells were used for the experiments and were divided into control,OGD/R and OGD/R+THSWD-containing serum(5％,10％,15％)groups,which were moulded and administered in the same way,and cell py-roptosis proteins proteinscysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase-1(caspase-1),apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD(ASC),gasdermin D(GSDMD),interleukin-1β(IL-1β),interleukin-18(IL-18)and nucleotide-binding oligomeriza-tion domain-like receptor protein 3(NLRP3)inflammasome-associated proteins were detected by Western blot.Results In the pres-ence of BV2 cells,THSWD was able to further restore the morphology,increase cell viability(P＜0.05)and reduce apoptosis of PC12 cells after OGD/R injury(P＜0.05).In addition,THSWD was able to reduce the expression of OGD/R-induced pyroptosis proteins(caspase-1,ASC,GSDMD,IL-1β,IL-18)in BV2 microglia cells(P＜0.05).In contrast,the inhibitory effects of THSWD on BV2 cells pyroptosis proteins and NLRP3 inflammasome were reversed by NLRP3/caspase-1 agonist(P＜0.05).Conclusion THSWD protects PC 12 cells against OGD/R injury via inhibiting microglia pyroptosis mediated by the NLRP3/caspase-1 pathway.