BACKGROUND:Acute myocardial infarction can cause cardiac remodeling and heart failure,as well as skeletal myopathy,affecting patients'quality of life.Exercise therapy is an important rehabilitation method for patients with heart failure;however,the optimal exercise prescription has not been clarified. OBJECTIVE:To compare the effects of different exercise modes(aerobic exercise,resistance exercise)on skeletal muscle remodeling in rats with acute myocardial infarction induced heart failure and to explore the possible mechanism,so as to provide a basis for optimizing the exercise rehabilitation program. METHODS:Forty-eight Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into sham operation group,myocardial infarction group,aerobic exercise group and resistance exercise group.Coronary artery ligation was used to create model of heart failure.After 3 months,animals in the aerobic exercise group and resistance exercise group underwent 12 weeks of corresponding exercise mode interventions,while those in the sham operation group and myocardial infarction group were kept quietly in mouse cages.After the experiment,maximal running speed and maximal weight-bearing load were measured by graded treadmill exercise test and ladder-climbing test respectively,and heart structure and function were evaluated by echocardiography.The heart was isolated,and hematoxylin-eosin staining and Sirius red staining were performed to detect cardiac remodeling.For the gstrocnemius muscle,ATPase staining was performed to observe changes in muscle fiber type and cell cross-sectional area,dihydroethidium method was used to evaluate reactive oxygen species levels,enzyme-linked immunosorbent method was used to determine malondialdehyde content and antioxidant enzyme activity,western blot was used to determine the expression of ubiquitin-proteasome system proteins,and the number of activated satellite cells(Pax7+/MyoD+)were detected by double immunofluorescence staining. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Exercise performance:Compared with the sham operation group,maximal running speed and maximal weight-bearing load in the myocardial infarction group decreased(P<0.05);compared with the myocardial infarction group,the maximal running speed of the aerobic exercise group and the maximal weight-bearing load of the resistance exercise group increased(P<0.05).(2)Cardiac remodeling:Compared with the sham operation group,infarction area,myocardial cell cross-sectional area,and collagen content in the myocardial infarction group increased(P<0.05),while leftventricular ejection fraction and shortening fraction decreased(P<0.05);compared with the myocardial infarction group,there was no statistical difference in the above parameters in both aerobic exercise resistance exercise groups(P>0.05).(3)Skeletal muscle remodeling:Compared with the sham operation group,gastrocnemius muscle mass,gastrocnemius muscle mass index,cell cross-sectional area,superoxide dismutase activity,glutathione peroxidase activity,and the number of activated satellite cells decreased in myocardial infarction group(P<0.05),while reactive oxygen species content,malondialdehyde content,and the protein expression of ubiquitin,MuRF1 and MAFbx increased(P<0.05);compared with the myocardial infarction group,gastrocnemius muscle mass index,superoxide dismutase activity,the number of activated satellite cells increased in both aerobic exercise and resistance exercise groups(P<0.05),while reactive oxygen species content and the protein expression of ubiquitin,MuRF1,and MAFbx decreased(P<0.05);compared with the aerobic exercise group,gastrocnemius muscle mass,gastrocnemius muscle mass index,cell cross-sectional area,reactive oxygen species content,malondialdehyde content,the number of activated satellite cells increased in resistance exercise group(P<0.05),while superoxide dismutase activity,glutathione peroxidase activity down-regulated(P<0.05).To conclude,aerobic exercise and resistance exercise can both improve exercise performance of rats with heart failure,and the mechanism is related to reducing oxidative stress,inhibiting ubiquitin-proteasome system activity and activating satellite cells to improve skeletal muscle remodeling.Aerobic exercise has a better effect on improving skeletal muscle oxidative stress,while resistance exercise has a more significant effect on promoting skeletal muscle regeneration.

Objective: To explore the causal link of cumulative ecological risk and future orientation with health risk behaviors among higher vocational college students, so as to provide reference for reducing and preventing health risk behaviors among higher vocational college students. Methods: A longitudinal follow up study was conducted on 612 students using convenience sampling from 2 vocational colleges in Hunan Province. The Cumulative Ecological Risk Scale, Future Orientation Scale, and Health Risk Behavior Scale were used during three follow up visits (T1: September 2022, T2: June 2023, T3: March 2024), and a cross lagged panel model was constructed to examine the longitudinal causal relationship of cumulative ecological risk, future orientation and health risk behaviors. Analysis of longitudinal intermediary effect between variables by Bootstrap. Results: The cumulative ecological risk scores of T1, T2 and T3 among higher vocational college students were (2.94±1.44,2.99±1.63,3.02±1.54), future orientation scores (40.49±4.71,41.51±5.72,41.06±4.35) and health risk behavior scores (3.73±2.01,3.49±2.00,3.23±2.00). The results of repeated measures ANOVA showed that the future orientation score of T2 was higher than that of T1, and the main effect of measurement time was statistically significant ( F=5.09，P＜0.01,η 2=0.02). The health risk behavior score of T1 was higher than that of T2, and the health risk behavior score of T2 was higher than that of T3, and the main effect of measurement time was statistically significant ( F=10.12，P＜0.01,η 2=0.03).The cross lagged model showed good adaptability, with χ 2/df =7.20 ( P <0.01), relative fitting indicators GFI=0.98, CFI=0.99, TLI=0.96, IFI=0.99, NFI =0.99, and absolute fitting indicator RMSEA =0.06. Among them, the T1, T2 cumulative ecological risk showed negatively predictive effects on T2, T3 future orientation ( β =-0.24, -0.47 ), and T1, T2 cumulative ecological risk positively predicted T2, T3 health risk behavior ( β =0.20, 0.24), while T1, T2 future orientation negatively predicted T2, T3 health risk behavior ( β =-0.25, -0.18) ( P ＜0.01). Bootstrap test analysis found that T2 future orientation had a longitudinal mediating effect ( β=0.04, P ＜0.01) on the T1 cumulative ecological risk and T3 health risk behavior. Conclusions The accumulation of ecological risk among higher vocational college students can positively predict health risk behaviors, while future orientation can negatively predict healthrisk behaviors. Moreover, future orientation plays a longitudinal mediating role between accumulated ecological risks and health risk behaviors.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to explore the clinical efficacy and safety of endocrinotherapy combined with Shenqi Pills on hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (HSPC). METHODS: Eighty patients who were diagnosed with HSPC and renal-yang deficiency at the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine and the Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Mayang Miao Autonomous County from 1st April 2021 to 30th April 2024 were randomly divided into 2 groups. The patients in the control group were treated with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). And the patients in treatment group were treated with Shenqi Pills orally on the basis of the control group. The baseline data of the two groups were analyzed. After 36 months of treatment, the differences between the two groups were compared in terms of overall survival (OS), prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level, PSA response rate, Functional Assessment Scale for Prostate Cancer Therapy (FACT-P), Chinese medicine evidence scores, testosterone level and safety. RESULTS: A total of 80 study subjects were included in this study, including 42 cases in the treatment group and 38 cases in the control group. There was no statistical difference in the baseline data between the two groups before treatment (P>0.05). At the end of the observation period, a statistically significant difference in OS was found in the treatment group compared to the control group in the subgroup of patients with a disease duration ranged of 0-6 months (P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in PSA levels in the treatment group at 3 months (P>0.05). And the differences in the proportion of PSA50 (98.1% vs 91.4%), PSA90 (92.9% vs 84.6%) and the proportion of decrease in PSA (56.7% vs 33.8%) in the treatment group were found compared to those in the control group after 6 months of tre atment. After 12 months of treatment, the scores of FACT-4 and renal-yang deficiency in the treatment group were (95.28±7.93) and (15.73±5.70) respectively, compared to the scores in the control group (［85.46±10.12］ and ［18.20±4.27］ (P<0.05). However, there was no significant difference in serum testosterone (［0.60±0.24］ nmol/L vs ［1.09±2.10］ nmol/L) between the two groups (P>0.05). After 24 months of treatment, there were significant differences in in the FACT-4 total score (［97.95±7.54］ vs ［80.33±8.58］), renal-yang deficiency syndrome score (［14.64±5.15］ vs ［24.94±8.75］) between the treatment group and the control group (P<0.05). However, there was no significant difference in serum testosterone ( ［0.73±1.01］ nmol/L vs ［0.59±0.25］ nmol/L) between the two groups (P> 0.05). Better therapeutic results were showed in the treatment group in terms of total FACT-P score, physical situation score, social and family situation score, emotional state score, functional state score, additional score and renal-yang deficiency symptom score (P<0.05). After treatment, there was no serious adverse reaction in the course of treatment, and no obvious abnormality was found in the liver and kidney function of the patients from two groups. CONCLUSION Endocrinotherapy combined with Shenqi Pills is safe and effective in HSPC and can reduce the risk of death in HSPC patients, and the earlier the intervention, the longer the overall survival of the patients. In addition, this treatment regimen can increase the PSA response rate, improve patients' quality of life, and reduce the renal-yang deficiency syndrome score without the risk of elevating serum testosterone levels.
Humans ; Male ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/therapeutic use* ; Prostatic Neoplasms/drug therapy* ; Androgen Antagonists/therapeutic use* ; Prostate-Specific Antigen/blood* ; Aged ; Middle Aged ; Treatment Outcome ; Testosterone

OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy of Qingda Granule (QDG) in ameliorating hypertension-induced cardiac damage and investigate the underlying mechanisms involved. METHODS: Twenty spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) were used to develope a hypertension-induced cardiac damage model. Another 10 Wistar Kyoto (WKY) rats were used as normotension group. Rats were administrated intragastrically QDG [0.9 g/(kg•d)] or an equivalent volume of pure water for 8 weeks. Blood pressure, histopathological changes, cardiac function, levels of oxidative stress and inflammatory response markers were measured. Furthermore, to gain insights into the potential mechanisms underlying the protective effects of QDG against hypertension-induced cardiac injury, a network pharmacology study was conducted. Predicted results were validated by Western blot, radioimmunoassay immunohistochemistry and quantitative polymerase chain reaction, respectively. RESULTS: The administration of QDG resulted in a significant decrease in blood pressure levels in SHRs (P<0.01). Histological examinations, including hematoxylin-eosin staining and Masson trichrome staining revealed that QDG effectively attenuated hypertension-induced cardiac damage. Furthermore, echocardiography demonstrated that QDG improved hypertension-associated cardiac dysfunction. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and colorimetric method indicated that QDG significantly reduced oxidative stress and inflammatory response levels in both myocardial tissue and serum (P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS Both network pharmacology and experimental investigations confirmed that QDG exerted its beneficial effects in decreasing hypertension-induced cardiac damage by regulating the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE)/angiotensin II (Ang II)/Ang II receptor type 1 axis and ACE/Ang II/Ang II receptor type 2 axis.
Animals ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/therapeutic use* ; Hypertension/pathology* ; Renin-Angiotensin System/drug effects* ; Rats, Inbred SHR ; Oxidative Stress/drug effects* ; Male ; Rats, Inbred WKY ; Blood Pressure/drug effects* ; Myocardium/pathology* ; Rats ; Inflammation/pathology*

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of zedoarondiol on neovascularization of atherosclerotic (AS) plaque by exosomes experiment. METHODS: ApoE^-/- mice were fed with high-fat diet to establish AS model and treated with high- and low-dose (10, 5 mg/kg daily) of zedoarondiol, respectively. After 14 weeks, the expressions of anti-angiogenic protein thrombospondin 1 (THBS-1) and its receptor CD36 in plaques, as well as platelet activation rate and exosome-derived miR-let-7a were detected. Then, zedoarondiol was used to intervene in platelets in vitro, and miR-let-7a was detected in platelet-derived exosomes (Pexo). Finally, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were transfected with miR-let-7a mimics and treated with Pexo to observe the effect of miR-let-7a in Pexo on tube formation. RESULTS: Animal experiments showed that after treating with zedoarondiol, the neovascularization density in plaques of AS mice was significantly reduced, THBS-1 and CD36 increased, the platelet activation rate was markedly reduced, and the miR-let-7a level in Pexo was reduced (P<0.01). In vitro experiments, the platelet activation rate and miR-let-7a levels in Pexo were significantly reduced after zedoarondiol's intervention. Cell experiments showed that after Pexo's intervention, the tube length increased, and the transfection of miR-let-7a minics further increased the tube length of cells, while reducing the expressions of THBS-1 and CD36. CONCLUSION Zedoarondiol has the effect of inhibiting neovascularization within plaque in AS mice, and its mechanism may be potentially related to inhibiting platelet activation and reducing the Pexo-derived miRNA-let-7a level.
Animals ; MicroRNAs/genetics* ; Exosomes/drug effects* ; Plaque, Atherosclerotic/genetics* ; Neovascularization, Pathologic/genetics* ; Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells/metabolism* ; Humans ; Blood Platelets/drug effects* ; Apolipoproteins E/deficiency* ; Thrombospondin 1/metabolism* ; CD36 Antigens/metabolism* ; Platelet Activation/drug effects* ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL

Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are characterized by extensive pathological involvement and high prevalence and cause a significant disease burden. Long-term drug administration often causes by adverse effects with poor therapeutic efficacy. Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS), as a specialized therapeutic modality, delivers acoustic energy at a low intensity in a pulsed wave mode, thus ensuring stable energy transmission to the target tissues while minimizing thermal effects. This non-invasive approach has demonstrated significant potential for MSD treatment by delivering effective physical stimulations. Extensive animal and clinical studies have demonstrated the efficacy of LIPUS for accelerating the healing process of fresh fractures and nonunions, promoting soft tissue regeneration and suppressing inflammatory responses. Emerging evidence suggests promising applications of LIPUS in skeletal muscle injury treatment and promoting tissue regeneration and repair. This review outlines the recent advancements and mechanistic studies of LIPUS for treatment of common MSDs including fractures, nonunions, muscle injuries, and osteoarthritis, addressing also the technical parameters of commercially available LIPUS devices, current therapeutic approaches, the existing challenges, and future research directions.
Humans ; Ultrasonic Therapy/methods* ; Musculoskeletal Diseases/therapy* ; Ultrasonic Waves ; Osteoarthritis/therapy* ; Muscle, Skeletal/injuries*

Objective:To accurately measure the dynamic changes of peri-implant soft tissue within one year after the immediate implant placement and provisionalization with the modified socket-shield technique (MSST) in the esthetic zone, and to provide a basis for evaluating the effect of the modified socket-shield technique on the maintenance of peri-implant soft tissue.Methods:A total of 22 patients (22 implants) were prospectively included 1 year after completion of immediate implant placement and provisionalization (IIPP) within MSST in the esthetic zone from January 2022 to January 2024 at the Department of Oral Implantology in the Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University. The intraoral optical models of patients were obtained by an intraoral scanner system preoperatively and at 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively, respectively. The standard tessellation language files of intraoral optical models at multiple time points were imported to Geomagic Studio 2013 to be superimposed and aligned for analyzing the peri-implant soft tissue contour on the labial side of the implant site at multiple levels. The amount of gingival margin recession, gingival papilla change, and thickness change of the labial side of the soft tissues at each postoperative point in time were measured at each postoperative time point, as well as evaluating the esthetic effect by the pink esthetic score (PES).Results:The patients were (40±13) years old (21-75 years), including 9 males and 13 females. No adverse events occurred in all the implants during the 12-month follow-up period. The recession level of the gingival margin of the implant site (GL) was 0.08 (0.07) mm, the recession level of the mesial papilla (ML) was 0.19 (0.25) mm, and the recession level of the distal papilla (DL) was 0.19 (0.10) mm. The average collapse thickness of the soft tissue contour on the labial side of the implant (ΔD) was (0.39±0.09) mm, mainly occurring within 2 mm of the root of the gingival margin. The height of the alveolar bone was reduced by (0.17±0.08) mm. The thickness of the labial alveolar bone at 1, 3, and 5 mm root side of the implant shoulder was reduced by (0.13±0.08), (0.12±0.10) and 0.04 (0.17) mm, respectively. The postoperative pink esthetic score was 13.00 (2.25) points at 12 months, which suggested that all implant sites achieved ideal esthetic results.Conclusions:The labial soft tissue contour at implant sites shows minimal change following immediate implant placement and provisionalization using the modified socket-shield technique for 1 year in the esthetic zone.

BACKGROUND:Numerous scholars have previously researched certain greater tuberosity fractures and the procedures used to treat them.Few researchers,however,have studied the comminuted split fracture of the greater tuberosity of the humerus(Liu-Gang type IV)with rotator cuff tear in great detail. OBJECTIVE:To compare the clinical therapeutic effect of open repair position modified calcaneal plate combined with suture anchors and proximal humeral internal locking system(PHILOS)plate in the treatment of comminuted fracture of split-type greater tuberosity of humerus combined with rotator cuff tears(Liu-Gang type IV). METHODS:Case data of 30 patients with comminuted fracture of split-type greater tuberosity of humerus combined with rotator cuff tears(Liu-Gang type IV)from May 2012 to May 2022 were retrospectively analyzed.They were divided into the modified calcaneal plate combined with suture anchor group(group A)and the PHILOS with#2 Johnson group(group B),with 15 cases in each group.Intraoperative blood loss,surgical time,and incision length of all patients were recorded.Pain visual analog scale score,Constant-Murley score,as well as shoulder joint abduction,forward flexion,external rotation,and dorsal expansion activities during the last follow-up(>1 year)were evaluated. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)The surgical incision length and operation time were shorter,and blood loss was less in group A than those in group B(P<0.05).(2)No significant difference in visual analog scale score and Constant-Murley score was detected between the two groups(P>0.05).(3)During the last follow-up,forward flexion in group A was better than that in group B(P<0.05).No significant difference in abduction,external rotation,and dorsal expansion was determined between group A and group B(P>0.05).(4)In terms of complications,there was 1 case of shoulder joint pain and discomfort in group A(7%),2 cases of subacromial impingement syndrome,2 cases of upward movement of nodules,and 2 cases of shoulder joint pain(40%)in group B.There were significant differences in complication rates between the two groups(P=0.031).(5)In summary,the modified calcaneal plate combined with suture anchors in the treatment of comminuted fracture of split-type greater tuberosity of humerus combined with rotator cuff tears(Liu-Gang type IV)could better restore the forward flexion function of the shoulder joint and has a small incision,less blood loss,shorter operation time and fewer complications.